Doutorado em Psicologia

URI Permanente para esta coleção

http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17535

Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início: 2000
Conceito atual na CAPES: 5
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE (Portaria MEC Nº 609, de 14/03/2019).Publicação no DOU 18 de março de 2019, seç. 1, p.268 - Parecer CNE/CES nº 487/2018
Periodicidade de seleção: Anual
Área(s) de concentração: Psicologia
Url do curso: https://psicologia.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGP/detalhes-do-curso?id=1496

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A amizade como produção cultural midiática brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-11-23) Moura, Luciana Teles; Garcia, Agnaldo; Schneider, Edgar; Miranda, Raquel Ferreira; Tokumaru, Rosana Suemi; Menandro, Paulo Rogério Meira
"A carrocinha pegou...": um estudo das representações sociais da captura e sacrifício de cães de rua no Recife-PE
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-11-12) Nascimento Júnior, João Alves do; Espíndula, Daniel Henrique Pereira; Trindade, Zeidi Araújo; Schneider, Edgar; Souza, Lídio de; Avellar, Luziane Zacché; Santos, Maria de Fátima de Souza
Historically the political control of zoonoses and animal populations to urban centers include in their practices to capture and sacrifice of animals wandering or proven carriers of diseases transmissible to humans. The vehicle used in these activities is known as "Dog catcher", and attracts to itself all the unpopularity that causes these health measures in a large population. This rejection expressed by the militancy of the Animal Protective Entities, has strained over time, taken in the media and acquired significant proportions occupying the agendas of legislative and judicial powers. Opposite the militancy are the health authorities, and between the public and health workers involved in the activity. This is the scenery of an ethical conflict, moral and legal, with serious implications for public health. Based on the Theory of Social Representations, systematized by Moscovici, this study aimed to identify the Social Representations (RS) about the “Dog Catcher” and "street dog" constructed by three collective subjects of this dilemma in Recife: the population, the protector of militancy Animals and Animal Control Officers (OCA) of the Center for Environmental Monitoring (CVA), the body responsible for the control of zoonoses in Recife. It was intended to also identify the elements involved in the process of objectification and anchoring these RS. Three items make up this thesis: the first is dedicated to identifying those RS, built by the city population, stratified by gender and educational level, the second article proposes to study the RS on the objects in question expressed the websites Animal Protective Entities operating in Recife, and the third studied the OCA on the RS “street dog” and its work, the “Dog Catcher”. In the three articles the informations were analyzed using the method of content analysis, described by Bardin. While the population, regardless of gender and education, is the “street dog”, despite the compassion they generate, as a threat to public health, RS shared by the OCA, the texts of these entities represent protective animals as beings with the same rights holders life, even in the streets, and primarily as victims of health authorities who persecute them. The RS on the “street dogs” are different elements that anchor the RS “Dog Catcher”: the population understands as a tool to protect health, while rejecting its methods and the sacrifice of animals, the OCA, to represent as an effective measure, while protecting human health, especially to minimize the suffering of the animals themselves, but the RS of animal protection organizations about the “Dog catcher” is an instrument of unfair, unacceptable and torture against animals. In the midst of this conflict, the OCA build an RS of themselves as a category stigmatized, ostracized by the community they serve. Considering the character-inducing behaviors and judgments inherent in the RS, and its mutable, knowledge of these representations, and the elements that aim and anchor, are an important subsidy for health authorities, who need to manage these conflicts and interests.
A conceitualização sobre estruturas aditivas e multiplicativas no uso de formas de representação visual em uma interface educativa
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-07-13) Queiroz, Ana Emilia de Melo; Queiroz, Sávio Silveira de; Tokumaru, Rosana Suemi; Tavares, Orivaldo de Lira; Menezes, Credinè Silva de; Menandro, Paulo Rogério Meira
The software Gérard locatedat http://www.univasf.edu.br/~ana.queiroz/GerardApplet.html is an educational interface dedicated to the training of teachers about Additive and Multiplicative Structures, which are more popularly known as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Preliminary work of the author stated the effectiveness of this interface in the learning of specific concepts. However, the conceptualization or process through which such learning occurred was not analyzed. This process includes the mathematical concepts and its metaphorical representations; the user and his previous knowledge, as well as the interaction modalities on the computer. The aim of this study was, therefore, to identify the conceptualization of additive and multiplicative structures in the use of Gérard interfaces. This is an exploratory quasi-experimental qualitative study carried out with (07) seven teachers in two schools in the city of Juazeiro/ BA. Data collection occurred through filming, recordings and semi-structured interviews. The obtained results indicate a change in the discourse of the users, not of the status of the concept, but of elements relative to the reflexive, co-existent process during the realization of the task. Furthermore, there still was a predominance of terms related to affective and motivational factors, as well as meta conceptual consciousness, which refers to the learner's thinking about the relationship between their previous knowledge and the cognitive demands of the task. Such results can be used as a input for the construction of educational interfaces aiming to teach additive and multiplicative structures.
"A Dona de Tudo" : o que é ser mulher, mãe e esposa de acordo com as representações sociais de mulheres de duas gerações
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2008-04-25) Coutinho, Sabrine Mantuan dos Santos; Menandro, Paulo Rogério Meira; Sá, Celso Pereira de; Rocha-Coutinho, Maria Lucia; Rodrigues, Maria Margarida Pereira; Trindade, Zeidi Araújo
A noção de Deus e sua relação com a justiça : um estudo com crianças e adolescentes
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-08-30) Ricardo, Lorena Santos; Alencar, Heloisa Moulin de; Ortega, Antonio Carlos; Queiroz, Sávio Silveira; Queiroz, Daiana Stursa de; Pessoti, Alice Melo; Alves, Ariadne Dettmann
It was aimed to analyze the notions of Justice (NJ) and of God (NG) – and the possible relation between them – of children and adolescents, from the moral point of view, under a Piagetian psychogenetic perspective. For this, an interview was used based on the clinical method, in which 60 children and adolescents, students of Catholic schools, being: 20 children aged 6 years, 20 children aged 11 years and 20 adolescents aged 16 years took part. Qualitative analysis criteria were created based on Piagetian theory and, from them, quantitative criteria for data analysis. The results indicated that NJ and NG tended to be refined during the development process, thus pointing to a psychogenetic characteristic. It was also observed that the majority of the participants (37) presented NJ and NG at the same level, which indicates a certain parallelism in the development of these notions. However, in twenty-three participants there was a disparity between the General Level of the Notion of Justice (GLNJ) and the General Level of the Notion of God (GLNG). When this disparity was found among the youngest, the GLNJ was higher than the GLNG and, among the older, GLNG was higher than the GLNJ - which seems to be related to the way the subjects come into contact with Justice and God, throughout the development process, that is, how the interaction with each of these social knowledge objects occurs. This work contributes, therefore, to the discussions about Justice and God in the field of morality and may offer contribution to both: the proposals of a religious teaching that sees religion as a social fact, as the proposals of the confessional schools that welcome and work the beliefs of their students along with them. It also provides subsidies in the elaboration of projects in education in moral values, thus favoring the development of autonomous subjects capable of establishing moral judgments based on justice in complex and ambiguous moral situations. Thereby, recognizing the relevance of studying NJ and NG, understanding that these serve to assist the subject in the knowledge of their social environment, it is expected that this work will contribute to the development of new research on these notions.
A prática do plantão psicológico na delegacia especializada de atendimento à mulher (DEAM): uma experiência a partir da acontecência do cuidado
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-09-05) Lima, Darlindo Ferreira de; Andrade, Ângela Nobre de; Barreto, Carmem Lúcia Brito Tavares; Morato, Henriette Tognetti Penha; Sousa, Lídio de; Avelar, Luziane Zacché
The aim of the present study was to understand the purpose of the psychology on duty practice in the women-specialized police stations. The action was performed in Juazeiro-BA and in Petrolina-PE and it was related to the obligatory internship of Psychology from UNIVASF. In this study, the psychology on duty, as a modality of pedagogical practice, was seen by an existential phenomenological view. From a Gadaner’s hermeneutic methodological perspective (2002) and from a proposal analytical perspective by Critelli (1996), it was observed the experience of the psychological interventions, for eight months. The meetings were registered mainly in the logbook from seven Psicology students and their supervisor. Dialogues were performed, which allowed the understanding of how this practical modality works. It was observed that the psychology on duty is characterized by hearing, care and clinical interventions that are not seen as modern technics. It allows the access of the one who looks for the service in its ontic-ontologic dimension and their appropriations. It aims to co-create purpose/meaning spaces by using the language as a clearing where the care “acontecência” occurs. The psychology on duty as a space of change seems to add new ways to be in front of your self existance, consisting of another ethos from the condition of “be-there”.
A promoção do engajamento discente por professoras de classe inclusiva e suas relações com processos de estresse e coping docente
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-07-15) Silveira, Kelly Ambrósio; Paula, Kely Maria Pereira de; Enumo, Sônia Regina Fiorim; Rossetti, Claudia Broetto; Loss, Alessandra Bruno Motta; Ramos, Fabiana Pinheiro; Ferrão, Érika da Silva
Teachers in inclusive classes are often subject to work-related stressing factors, where coping strategies can affect their interaction with students with special educational needs (SEN). In face of paucity of studies on these relationships, this investigation, which is based on the Self System Model to Motivational Development, aimed at identifying and analyzing: 1) Stressing factors, level and symptoms of stress in teaching and in inclusive classes, as well as the sense of self -effectiveness and satisfaction at work using a set of scales, some of them specially translated and adapted for 19 female teachers of the 3 first years of elementary education in Vitória, ES, Brazil; 2) coping strategies through interviews with a subgroup of 17 female teachers, with or without symptoms of stress; 3) facilitating behaviors in teaching engagement and disengagement presented by 4 teachers, 2 with symptoms of stress, 2 without, observed during 5 recorded video sessions of 30 minutes for each participant. The study identified stressing factors related mainly to teaching conditions and students' engagement. Adaptive coping was directly correlated to personal and work variables, and inversely correlated to the total of stress symptoms. Stressed teachers reported more stressing demands, negative emotional reactions and poorly-adaptive coping, mainly helplessness; and fewer teaching engagement facilitating behaviors in terms of affective involvement, support to autonomy and structural strengthening. They also presented less flexibilization of classroom rules and higher rejection while in contact with SEN students. This study is expected to provide tools to assessment and psychological intervention for teachers' well-being in inclusive education.
A questão da direção automotiva após a ingestão de bebida alcoólica: considerações sobre ações estatais de enfrentamento
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-08-30) Nascimento, Andrea dos Santos; Menandro, Paulo Rogério Meira; Ciarallo, Cynthia Rejanne Correa Araújo; Rueda, ?Fabián Javier Marín; Araújo, Maristela Dalbello de; Rosa, Edinete Maria
In the psychological field of knowledge, Traffic Psychology is an area of professional specialization and recognized research. It was developed with primary focus on assessment of drivers, in a process involving marketing, social and scientific justifications. Questions risen by the growing complexity of conditions in which people live have generated new demands to be comprehended and faced in the fields of health, education, culture, social relations, and security. One of these questions addresses traffic accidents, which involve drivers of vehicles of all types, as well as adults and children as passengers or pedestrians. There are expressive evidences that driving after consumption of alcohol is associated with many accidents, which contributed to the aggregation of this problem to the Brazilian political agenda. Since 2 003, the state of Espírito Santo performs a set of enforcement and education actions to inhibit such practice, focusing on younger drivers. The present work focused on comprehending and analyzing the context of realizations and difficulties in which these governmental actions took place, according to the perception of interviewed people associated with this matter. The action program policymakers, action executors (military police-officers, Detran-ES technicians, and one commissioner), and young drivers were interviewed: twentyfive military police-officers, ten Detran-ES technicians who work in the program, sixty drivers with maximum age of 30years, three managers who took part on the formulation of the actions and one police commissioner. Results were organized and interpreted using content analysis, except for the narratives of military policeofficers, which were subjected to A lceste lexical analysis software. Results show that military police-officers, educators an d drivers perceive the results from the actions, as well as the difficulties faced, from different perspectives. Military policeofficers criticized operational aspects of enforcement actions and flaws and its legislation. Educators criticized the work conditions and the fact that their actions were not appreciated. Young drivers pointed excessive requirements in legislation, factors that should have been considered, and provide little indications of comprehension that they are in a context game in which the public and private aspect is essential. There is conformity in this picture regarding the insertions each group provided in the question, but still there were promising convergences. There was agreement regarding the proposition being well accepted by population. Evidences pointed that all admitted that driving under alcohol influence is an irresponsible act and they comprehend the risks involved. Participants in the three groups mentioned positive happenings regarding damage reduction.
A todo vapor, sem pensar e distraído : relação entre afetividade e inteligência em crianças com o Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-09-01) Missawa, Daniela Dadalto Ambrozine; Corrêa, Mônica Cola Cariello Brotas; Rossetti, Claudia Broetto; Dell’Agli, Betânia Alves Veiga; Santos, Claudimara Chisté; Pylro, Simone Chabudee; Canal, Claudia Patrocínio Pedroza
This thesis aimed to evaluate the relationships between affectivity and intelligence in children with ADHD and their caregivers through a psychological intervention in rule game workshops. The theoretical perspectives that served as the basis for the understanding of the studied phenomena were the writings of Piaget and the studies about the Executive Functions (EFs). Eight children of both sexes (four boys and four girls) with suggestive diagnosis of ADHD, together with one caregiver of each, totaling 16 s ubjects participated in the study. The children selected underwent a neuropsychological evaluation performed by trainees at a psychology clinic at a University of Greater Victoria and were grouped into two groups. The parent group consisted of seven mothers and one father. Data collection procedures involved workshops with rule games between May and November 2015, weekly with children and fortnightly between children and parents, i.e. children were present at all proposed workshops and parents in half of them. The games used were Domino, Tangram, Memory Game, Puzzles, Four Colors, Mico Game, Pick-up sticks, Uno, Link-4, Who am I?, Guess Who, Gridlock, and Lynx. The workshops were structured so that we initially talked about how the participants were feeling at that moment. Shortly after that we presented and explained the rules of the game that would be used to make sure that everyone had understood the rules from practical examples. Then we started the games. In some workshops, protocols with problem situations regarding the game used were presented to the children. We have developed four studies in which each one corresponded to a specific objective proposed. In studies 1 and 2 the data regarding the behavior of the participants during the rule games workshop are presented. In both studies, the relationships between affectivity and intelligence in children with ADHD were discussed through the observation of the connections between the analyzed behaviors. Study 3 addresses the question of how parental participation, together with the children, in workshops with games influences the parental assessment of the cognitive and affective aspects of these children. The article was built on the understanding that parental perception is an important influence on the cognitive and affective development of their children. In study 4 we discussed the issues related to the process of awareness as described in Piaget’s theory through the use of problem situations based on the games Guess Who, Four colors, Dominoes and Link-4. The studies developed lead us to conclusions that corroborate Piaget's postulates regarding the impossibility of only cognitive or affective situations, since we observed that during workshops with rule games, the child often compensated the cognitive limitations with interest and willingness to face the challenge. One of the main contributions of the thesis is the displacement of affectivity from the supporting role in the process of development of individuals and its consequent inclusion, in a systematic way, in close relation with the cognitive aspects.
Ação, computação, representação: uma investigação psicogenética sobre o desenvolvimento do pensamento computacional
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-05-30) Sant'Anna, Hugo Cristo; Menandro, Maria Cristina Smith; Câmara, Rogério; Wolter, Rafael Moura Coelho Pecly; Trindade, Zeide de Araújo; Rossetti, Cláudia Broetto
Computational Thinking (CT)is defined as a set of skills and competencies usually ascribedto Computer Science professionals, students andresearchers, but in therecent yearshasbecomeanaccessibleknowledgetomorepeoplethroughinitiativesthatseekto popularizeit.ThisthesiswasbasedonatriangulationbetweentheSocialRepresentations Theory in the structural approach, the Sociohistorical Psychology and the functional perspective of Genetic Epistemology, aiming toelaborate a constructionist pedagogic approachforthedevelopmentofCTamongundergraduateDesignstudents.Theresearch wasconductedin three stages, the first dedicated to the characterization of the relation betweenthestudentsandthecomputers;themappingofthewaysinwhichthosedevices helpinDesignproblemsolving;andinvestigatedthesocialrepresentationsofthestudents aboutComputingPrinciples.Atotalof86studentsparticipatedinthestudy,23ofthese programmers.Prototypicalandcontentanalysisindicatedtheprevalenceofinstrumental representations and practices involving the Computing, objectified and anchored by the computer as ameanswhich produces and makes it concrete.The second stage of the research departed from thoseresultsto develop a pedagogical approachbasedon the RocketSocketprogramminglanguage,whosemainfeatureistoconsiderdifferentprofiles oflearnersoftheCTprinciples.Thelanguageexploresanarrativeofarocketwhichcanbe programmedtocollectstarsandavoidasteroidsinspaceasastrategytodiscussconcepts, practicesandperspectivesoftheCT.Thethirdstageconsistedofaprototypicalcasestudy that experienced the potential of the RocketSocket language with two undergraduate Design students, a programmer and a non-programmer. Data were analyzedfrom the cognitive microgenetic perspective, observing how the participants’ knowledge about Computing and computers were selected and evaluated for their functional relevance duringtheconstructionofthealgorithmsthatcontrolledtherocket.Thelastpartofthe thesis discusses the two studies in a integrated view within the initial theoretical triangulation, aiming to reflectontheprocess ofdesigningthe languageinspired by the students’socialrepresentationsanditspotentialcontributiontothepopularizationofCT.
Amizade e migração latino-americana
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-06-13) Oliveira, Mariana Sarro Pereira de; Garcia, Agnaldo; Pereira, Fabio Nogueira; Costa, Lorena Queiroz Merizio; Macedo, Maria Daniela Corrêa de; Bonomo, Mariana
Friendship arouses interest by several beneficial effects. However, the thematic of friendship relations among different cultures has been emphasizing by few studies, mainly the Latin Americans. The objective of this research was to investigate the friendship of Latin Americans immigrants, living in the new country for at least six months, with any nationality people. In this study, 40 immigrants (70% women and 50% between 30 and 39 years old) have been select and classified into four groups: 20 Latin Americans living in Brazil; three Brazilians living in Latin America but Brazil; 12 Brazilians living in Spain; and five Brazilians living in Portugal. The used tool was a questionnaire of 21 open questions applied through the computer network (email). A qualitative analysis of the content was conducted. The main results point out that major part of the friends presents same gender and nationality, and lives in the participant’s origin country. The immigrants’ linkages in their own countries are close and long-term friendship. Their main communication way is Facebook, Skype and WhatsApp. The majority of immigrants have friends in the new country, with more frequent friendships with natives. However issues related to cultural differences are pointed out to difficult these friendships. In these sense, friendship in always more intimate with compatriots. Anyway, the best ways to immigrant adapt and adjustment are through friendships, which are considered fundamental, and openness to the new culture, even if this receiving culture is not open enough to the immigrants’ cultures.
Amizade e sua relação com o turismo: perspectivas psicológicas
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-06-30) Nunes, Tatiana Amaral; Garcia, Agnaldo; Moura, Luciana Teles; Blanc, Manuela Vieira; Oliveira, Marilene Olivier Ferreira de; Tokumaru, Rosana Suemi
The present research had as objective to describe the role of the friends in the accomplishment of tourist activities and as specific contexts of tourism affect the relationships of friendships. For that, three independent studies were carried out, with different participants and different tourist contexts: (1) Friendship and its relations with Religious Cultural Tourism: perspectives of the third age; (2) Friendship and its relationship with Sun and Beach Tourism according to a vision of women and; (3) Friendship and its relationship with Fishing Tourism according to a vision of men. The method used by each study for qualitative field research with descriptive characteristics, having as basic plan the study of single and multiple cases. The results and analyzes obtained with the first study indicate that regardless of religion, a friendship and religious cultural tourism are factors that are associated in the third age. However, the data collected by the study showed that the friendship of women and their relationship with sun and beach tourism are factors that are little associated, since this type of leisure is preferentially done with the family. Finally, considerably for the findings of the first study, a third survey showed that friendship between men is central to experiences in the context of fishing. The present proposal concluded that there is a correspondence between a friendship and tourism, a more intense association in the contexts of religious tourism in the third age and the tourism of fishing between the men, emphasizing a social interaction and happiness as the main benefits and function of the friendship, considering Leisure as one of its contexts of development and strengthening of ties. Because tourism is an activity with different modalities and possibilities of experimentation, it is suggested that new tourist contexts are studied in order to expand as analyzes on the effect of friendship as well as other interpersonal relationships related to this type of leisure.
Amizades interculturais : um estudo com gregos no Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-07-05) Costa, Lorena Queiroz Merizio; Garcia, Agnaldo; Dantas, Sylvia; Miranda, Raquel Ferreira; Souza, Mariane Lima de; Tokumaru, Rosana Suemi
International migration brings important changes to the lives of human beings, including their friendships. The friendship between people of different nationalities can bring information about the cultural characteristics and modes of relationship peculiar to different people. Therefore, the objective of this research was to describe the friendships in the story of Greek immigrants living in the Espírito Santo state, with other Greeks, Brazilians and other foreigners, in order to understand the relationship between friendship and culture, also including intercultural friendships and role friendships in the process of adapting or adjusting to life in Brazil. The specific objectives were to describe the history of friendships after migrating to Brazil, the content of these friendships, and the role of the same adaptation of the Greeks to Brazil. The participants were ten Greek immigrants who came to Brazil with ten years of age or older, who were interviewed. The results indicated that friendships are part of the history of these immigrants in a new country. The meaning of friendship includes amplitude, freedom, spontaneity, selflessness, honesty, sincerity, loyalty, reliability and longevity. The main dimensions of friendship were similarities and differences, proximity and distance, support, reciprocity and conflict. Relations between friendship and social context or sociocultural environment included receptivity and rejection, adoption and adaptation, connection and disconnection, friendship and community abroad, democracy, family, work and school. The results were discussed in light of the work of Robert Hinde. It was noted that the friendship acts as a mediator of adaptation to the new country from abroad - despite their cultural variations - a condition representing not only active in various traditions, but allowing communication between these customs, contributing to immigrants feel welcomed within the cultural nation that chose to live.
Amor e sua relação com a generosidade: estudo com adolescentes sob a ótica da moralidade
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-08-17) Alves, Ariadne Dettmann; Ortega, Antonio Carlos; Alencar, Heloisa Moulin de; Canal, Claudia Patrocinio Pedroza; Borges, Luciana Souza; Queiroz, Sávio Silveira de; Pylro, Simone Chabudee
Our objective was to investigate adolescent judgments concerning the concept of love and its relationship with generosity, in a psychogenetic perspective. We have interviewed individually 40 adolescents aged 12 and 15, also split on the age and sex, from a semi-structured script, based on the clinical method. The data were presented in three studies. In Study 1 we have found that the conception of love tends to be less focused on the action itself to be directed at the other. Regarding the possibility of loving another person, there was no significant difference in the sex of the person to be loved; however, we have seen the influence of the bond, for it was more frequent loving a friend than an enemy or an unknown person. In Study 2, most teenagers chose not to help each other and do their school obligation, because of the need to comply with that obligation. Over half of the participants, especially those aged 12, considered the presence of love with or without generosity. Yet, when teenagers were asked whether the aid would take place in the presence or absence of love, the relationship between love and generosity was more pronounced. This relationship between the two virtues and the influence of the link was also found in Study 3, since the frequency of adolescents who chose to help a friend and a stranger was higher than in relation to an enemy; most participants stated the presence of love to a friend, and a few stated it regarding the unknown people and the enemy; when they were asked whether the aid would take place in the presence or absence of love, generosity was more pronounced in the presence of love, with some differences in relation to the bond. We found, however, the relationship between the presence or absence of love in the possibility of generosity beyond the influence of the bond. Given the relationship found in our study between love and generosity and its importance in moral development, we recommend including the relationship among these virtues in Education in Moral Values proposals. Finally, although the virtue of love, and its relationship with generosity being little studied in the Psychology of Morality, we recognize its importance and we hope that our work will contribute to the development of new research on the subject and intervention practices.
Análise microgenética de aspectos cognitivos e afetivos em idosas : uma proposta teórica e metodológica
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011-10-27) Santos, Claudimara Chisté; Ortega, Antonio Carlos; Canal, Cláudia Patrocínio Pedroza; Rossetti, Cláudia Broetto; Borges, Luciana Souza; Queiroz, Sávio Siqueira de
Cognitive and affective aspects are inseparable from human development, cognition being responsible for the structure it as affection can regulate such development. This thesis aimed to investigate, in a microgenetic perspective, the relationship between cognition and affect. The theoretical method used and were based on Piaget, whose theory also embasou data collection, conducted with six women aged between 60 and 67 years. The research design was through seven steps: (1) initial interview to identify the lifestyle of the participants, (2) clinical interview to investigate the affective aspects of play before the workshops, (3) experiment memory; ( 4) workshops Game Face To Face to practice the game, (5) problem situations, (6) clinical interview to investigate the affective aspects of play after the workshops; (7) Stories about submitting Affective Aspects. The analysis categories were investigated: (1) memory, (2) cognitive aspects of behavior, (3) heuristics, (4) affective aspects of behavior of interest feelings, self-worth and desire. For each of these categories were adapted levels, which allowed to investigate the aspects in question. The results indicate that: (1) first, it is not possible to speak of "respect" in the singular, but in "relationships" because they may be multiple, with varied combinations. The participant with the lowest level of heuristic analysis period demonstrated the lowest level of interest, indicating the importance of the affective aspects in development. The participant with the highest level of heuristic analysis demonstrated the kind of conduct evolved over the three feelings analyzed. The two participants who were in an intermediate level of heuristics not erred in any match, ie, not unbalanced, which also demonstrated the importance of the error in the process of balancing and development. Memory, in turn, played an important role in the analysis of two other participants: one because he had memory complaints, but reached maximum level in the experiment, and although take longer than other participants, she reached intermediate level of heuristics, the other because they had memory complaints and, in fact, reached the lowest level. This last participant also reached intermediate level of heuristics probably thanks to his memory in a broad sense and affective behaviors intermediate, which was enough to keep her in the activity. As seen, there is a single possible relationship between cognition and affection, but several joints between these two dimensions, so one can only speak of "relations" between them. (2) the theory of balancing, as pointed out in the literature review, is confirmed as a reference that may be the point of confluence between cognition and affection, especially if it is by way of conduct, (3) the structural aspects not realize, alone, to analyze the psychological subject, why the need to make such an analysis via the microgenetic approach, (4) there is evidence that studies the development of relations between cognition and affect can be made viable research including conduct of microgêneses affective.
As artimanhas do sagrado: sujeitos religiosos e a construção de representações sociais importantes à formação identitária
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-10-30) Saquetto, Diemerson; Trindade, Zeidi Araújo; Gianordoli-Nascimento, Ingrid Faria; Magalhães Néto, José Vaz; Menandro, Paulo Rogério Meira; Bonomo, Mariana
Religion is a relevant operator of social sense that, contrary to what alleged by sociological doctrines advocates the secularization, metamorphosed into the contemporary, allowing the identity management of the groups which are understood by the representational dynamic of their church membership. The present thesis aimed to understand the structuring processes that originate the social identity of three religious groups: evangelical, catholic and African confessional (Umbanda and Candomblé followers), through the articulation between the Social Representation and the Social Identity theories. The data were obtained through an instrument submitted to religious followers: evangelicals (n=104), Catholics (n=102), and African confessionals (n=35), comprising evocation questions in order to obtain the social representation of subjects considered relevant to the identity formation. With aid of the software Evoc-2003 the data were processed and categorized according to Content Analysis criteria. The results point at a strong group cohesion allowed by religion and an in-group protection system marked by a positive self-stereotyping process. The social imaginary and the ideological forces allied social categorization and social comparison in the identity management possible by cognitive, affective and evaluative justification based on religious doctrine. The out-groups are associated with negative representational images and, sometimes, demonized images. The defenses by negation were marked by history of objectivations of images shared in intergroup relationships. Catholics showed a identity tone characterized by their constitution as a dominant and hegemonic group and with social representations streamlined by cognitive polyphasia process. Evangelicals showed a social identity associated with need for social acknowledgment, coping postures and justifications belonging to the biblical imaginary. African confessionals in turn configured a social identity made out in their history of resistances, syncretism and miscegenation, combining religious identity with ethnic identity, elements that made possible the analysis of their group structured as an “active minority” and not passive in the game of social influences,
As mulheres da Ilha das Caieiras: relacionamento interpessoal e cooperação na formação e funcionamento de uma cooperativa
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2009-08-05) Miranda, Raquel Ferreira; Garcia, Agnaldo; Tokumaru, ?Rosana Suemi; Menandro, Paulo Rogério Meira
Atenção compartilhada e interação social : análises de trocas sociais de crianças com diagnóstico de transtorno do espectro autista em um programa de intervenção precoce
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-09-04) Corrêa, Mônica Cola Cariello Brotas; Queiroz, Sávio Silveira de; Loss, Alessandra Brunoro Motta; Lampreia, Carolina; Rossetti, Claudia Broetto; Cabral, Hebert Wilson Santos
The Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social interaction impairments and communication and the presence of stereotypes and hiper sensitivity. Join Attention (JA) is indicated as a predictor of (ASD) in the first year of the child ´s life. Joint attention is the ability to share attention with a social partner, an object and an event in a triadic relationship. The social interaction relationship and joint attention is still a subject of research. The present study aimed to analyze the impact of social interaction on the JA in early intervention program for children with ASD. Our research is organized into four parts: 1) analysis of the impact of early intervention program in JA behavior of the children involved; 2) analysis of social exchanges between the participating children and the experimenter over the six months of the early intervention program; 3) analysis of social exchanges between children and their mothers, and 4) pairing the results with personal and social characteristics of caregivers. The early intervention program was developed with 15 children aged 32-42 months and their mothers, accompanied by weekly sessions, for the period of six months. The results show improvements in standards of AC in all children monitored and new patterns of social exchanges. We conclude the importance of recognizing the uniqueness of the child with ASD, the need for family involvement, offering care and support networks that protect the child and his parents in their psychosocial needs.
Autoconsciência corporal em estudantes de música: avaliação e intervenção
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-08-29) Subtil, Marina Medici Loureiro; Andrade, Alexsandro Luiz de; Souza, Mariane Lima de; Castro, Alessandra Paiva de; Freitas, Grace Kelly Filgueiras; Wachelke, João Fernando Rech; Menandro, Paulo Rogério Meira; Gomes, William Barbosa
Due to their physical, cognitive and affective demands, learning the musical performance is perhaps one of the most complex human tasks whose boundaries are not yet able to point out in great detail. Studying an instrument involves a multifaceted and multidimensional human experience, with direct impact on the health of that studying. The health of the musician has been a theme investigated by different areas of knowledge, pointing between them, their relationship to physical and psychological processes of health and illness of this professional class. Among the phenomena that make up the health of musicians, we study the most common injuries, the causes associated with the appearance of the lesions and the same treatment tools. Bodily self-awareness appears as a variable cross all these phenomena indicated. It is considered as hypothesis in studies of different areas that individuals with better awareness and perception of the body tend to suffer less from illnesses of neuromusculoskeletal order. Thus, the overall objective of the research is to investigate the body self in university music students and its relation to the prevention and/or appearance of neuromusculoskeletal injuries related to instrumental practice. The research had mixed character and was conducted in two stages. The first is related to the creation and validation of a qualitative evaluation tool for body selfawareness and ergonomic aspects of music students, the Aergo-AutoConMusi. 415 students from undergraduate and bachelor's degree in music from different universities of Brazil participated in this phase, enrolled in all periods. The first phase resulted in two studies: the first one shows the overall evaluation of the results of the Occupational Health music students and the second one presents the development process and instrument validation. The AergoAutoConMusi validation phase resulted in three scales: a range of body self-awareness; a perception of pain scale and finally a scale preventive aspects. The second phase of the research is refered to the clinical trial uncontrolled, driven by an intervention through the Pilate’s concept and lectures on health musician. The intervention was made through the elective course health of musician, with 15 enrolled students of both sexes, aged 19-44 years, mean 26 years. The subject of the meetings were weekly, lasting three hours. Students were grouped in three per class, according to their schedule availability. The intervention phase showed qualitative and quantitative aspects of the implementation of course health of musician. The increase of some physical and behavioral aspects involved with body self-awareness can be observed both by applying the Aergo-AutoConMusi as the reports of the participants. The understanding of the body and specific training of body and behavioral skills in performance made possible in this thesis the reduction of pain complaints and the improvement in some aspects (pain perception, ergonomic aspects of music making) body self-awareness measured by the instrument. We conclude with the results of this thesis, that the body self-awareness in musicians can be based on three dimensions: body self-awareness and the perception of pain; body self-awareness and ergonomic aspects of music making and body self-awareness and preventive health components of the musician. The body's relationship to pain, body posture in performance, behavior of prevention and care in health, to improve and adjust through teaching and bodily experiences specific to the health of the musician, focused on aspects that guide the body self-awareness. For it is a multifactorial phenomenon, body self-awareness in musicians is evident as exploratory field and requires the health participation of different professionals who can contribute to their assessment and their understanding as well as the creation and implementation of programs aimed its improvement in different musical activities.
Avaliação da dor pediátrica e do pensamento de catastrofização no processo de hospitalização
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-08-24) Bacellar, Andreza Mourão Lopes; Paula, Kely Maria Pereira de; Loss, Alessandra Brunoro Motta; Guerra, Valeschka Martins; Ramos, Fabiana Pinheiro; Dias, Tatiane Lebre
Pediatric pain is commonly present in hospital environments due to sickness and invasive procedures inherent to the hospitalization process. Health professionals are the ones responsible for properly measuring and managing this experience. In this process, it is also relevant to identify the presence of catastrophizing thoughts of pain that can hinder the way the patients deal with the sickness, the treatment or the pain. Therefore, this research had as general goal to analyze the relationship among pediatric pain and catastrophic thoughts with data sampled from four public hospitals of Greater Vitoria Area (in Espirito Santo State, Brazil), two of them being pediatric hospitals. This thesis is organized in three studies. Study 1 shows a description of the pediatric pain in terms of prevalence, epidemiology, evaluation and management according to the children/teenagers, their parents and the health professionals (Physicians and Nurses); in Study 2 the professionals’ perception about pain treatment and the repercussion of its experience in infant development was analyzed; lastly, in Study 3 the relationship between pain and catastrophizing thoughts of patients and their companions. The sample collected contains data of 253 patients (37 newborn, 94 infants, 54 pre-schoolers, 49 schoolers and 37 teenagers), 228 companions, 28 physicians and 67 professionals from the nursing team, evaluated by scripted interviews and data sampled from medical records, Faces Pain Scale-revised - FPS-R, Numerical Rating Scale – NRS, Body Map, Pain Catastrophizing Scale for Children - PCS-C, Pain Catastrophizing Scale for Parents – PCS-P. Descriptive and correlational statistics were adopted with the use of Chi-square test, combination of Kappa e Mcnemar, Pearson correlation, t test of independente samples, paired and linear regression, in addition to qualitative analysis of interview data. Study 1 pointed out that 66% of children/teenagers report moderate to intense pain in the last 24 hours of hospitalization. Family members identified pain in 41,2%, the nursing team in 33% and the physicians in 29,6%. Based on the perception of pain presence, it was found moderate concordance in patients with companions (kappa = 0,5), reasonable with physicians (kappa = 0,3) and low with nurses (kappa = 0,1). Patients and companion used more pain descriptors related to intensity, and professionals indicated more of the acute-procedural paint type. In most of the cases, the pain was evaluated and managed by the team, mainly with pharmacological treatment. In Study 2, it was identified that the majority of the professionals did not have specific training in the pain field but reported the importance in treating it due to its impact in the patients development; those with less experience consider that pain in a child is different from the pain in an adult, but those with more experience indicate they are equal. In study 3, high levels of pain catastrophization were found in pediatric patients (being greater for children than teenagers) and their companions. Intensity and pain catastrophization of the patients relate positively (r = 0,424). Age, companions’ rumination and duration of hospitalization were predictors of pain catastrophization. It was concluded that the patient sample examined felt pain during the evaluation period, which was managed mostly with pharmacological treatments, was accompanied by the strong presence of catastrophic thoughts related to age, pain experience and companions’ feelings. These data alert future studies that aim to properly control of pediatric pain, training of the health professional and programs that instrumentalize the pacient in the adaptive coping of stressful situations as pain and hospitalization. The study also contributes with researches that maps and analyse the prevalence of pediatric pain in public hospital in the country.

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