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Morfometria de sementes, frutos e aspectos morfofisiológicos deplantulas de Posoqueria latifolia (RUDGE) Schult.
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2026-02-12) Cunha, Wallace Alvarenga Souto; Silva, Diolina Moura; Werner, Elias Terra; Saiter, Felipe Zamborlini
Posoqueria latifolia (Rudge) Schult. is a Neotropical tree species with wide distribution and high ecological potential, yet its early developmental stages remain poorly documented. This dissertation aimed to provide an integrated characterization of fruit and seed morphology, germination performance, and seedling/young plant physiological traits of P. latifolia, supporting more efficient propagation protocols and seedling production for restoration purposes. Fruits and seeds were morphometrically assessed across different collection periods, seed water uptake was determined through an imbibition curve, pre-germinative treatments were tested for seedling emergence, and early growth and non destructive physiological indices were monitored over time. Marked seasonal variation was detected in fruit traits, with larger fruits and higher seed number in June compared with October. Seed hydration followed a continuous pattern, without a clear triphasic signature. Pre-germinative treatments primarily affected the onset and rate of emergence: aril removal followed by 24 h water soaking promoted earlier emergence and higher final emergence, whereas drying with the aril maintained delayed and reduced germination performance. Germination was epigeal and phanerocotylar, with photosynthetic cotyledons, indicating rapid carbon acquisition during establishment. Following nutrient supplementation, seedlings exhibited coordinated changes in foliar indices, including increased chlorophyll and flavonoid indices and a subsequent reduction in anthocyanin index, consistent with metabolic reorganization during early establishment. The progressive increase in the nitrogen balance index suggests integration among carbon assimilation, secondary metabolism, and internal nitrogen dynamics. Overall, the results highlight high functional plasticity during early development and reinforce the suitability of P. latifolia for restoration programs in Restinga ecosystems
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Desenvolvimento de metodologia integrada para análise de tensões residuais em materiais poliméricos impressos : indentação instrumentada e holografia de Speckle
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2026-04-27) Picoli, Aryadne de Jesus; Macêdo, Marcelo Camargo Severo de; Barbosa, Patrícia Alves; Galdino, André Gustavo de Sousa; Maziero, Rômulo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5739-1941; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3478429683120726
The objective of this thesis was to analyze the formation, distribution, and relaxation of residual stresses in polymers processed by FDM additive manufacturing, evaluating the influence of printing parameters and annealing heat treatment in materials with distinct morphological natures (semi-crystalline PLA and amorphous ABS). The adopted methodology was based on an integrated approach, combining instrumented indentation (ISO 14577), the blind-hole technique with ESPI (ASTM E837), and numerical modeling by finite element analysis (FEA), enabling a multiscale analysis of mechanical and stress behavior. The results showed that increasing the printing temperature promotes improved interlayer coalescence, a crucial process for structural integrity and mechanical strength, in addition to reducing residual stresses, accompanied by an increase in the storage modulus of PLA from approximately 3.8 to 4.2 GPa. Thermal annealing exhibited an even more pronounced effect, with a reduction in creep of about 52.6% in PLA and 10.5% in ABS, indicating greater structural relaxation in the semi-crystalline material. ESPI analyses revealed higher stress concentrations in surface regions (up to 0.2 mm), associated with the first deposited layers, while FEA confirmed that transient thermal gradients and mechanical constraints are the main factors responsible for generating these stresses. It is concluded that residual stresses in FDM polymers are governed by the interaction between thermal processing conditions, molecular mobility, and layered architecture, and can be significantly reduced through the combination of higher printing temperatures and thermal annealing, contributing to increased mechanical stability and structural reliability of components produced by additive manufacturing
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Argumentação e oralidade no currículo do Espírito Santo : uma análise dialógico-indiciária
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2026-02-10) Batista, Mariana de Brito; Vidon, Luciano Novaes; Azevedo, Isabel Cristina Michelan de; Riolo, Vivian Pinto
This dissertation investigates the guidelines for teaching argumentation in secondary education through a documentary analysis of the Espírito Santo State Curriculum (2020), developed in alignment with the Brazilian National Common Core Curriculum (BNCC) (Brazil, 2018). Situated within the field of indisciplinary Applied Linguistics, the study adopts a critical, dialogic, and decolonial perspective, understanding curricular documents as historically situated utterances permeated by values. At the theoretical level, it is grounded in Bakhtinian dialogism (Bakhtin, 2011 [1979]; Volóchinov, 2017 [1929]), from which argumentation is conceived as a living, responsive discursive practice, constitutively oriented toward the other's word, implying axiological positioning and participation in the social arena. Within this framework, the research addresses the following question: how does the Espírito Santo Curriculum conceptualize and guide the teaching of argumentation in secondary education, and what conceptions of language and subject emerge from this orientation? The central hypothesis is that, as it is based on the BNCC, the state document tends to reproduce a technicist and performative rationality that constrains oral and dialogic argumentation practices, while still presenting discursive gaps that allow for the re-signification of more responsive and dialogic practices. The main objective is to discursively analyze the conceptions of argumentation mobilized by the curriculum, identifying tensions, silences, and possibilities for pedagogical practices that value orality, authorship, and students’ ethical positioning. The study adopts a qualitative methodology grounded in dialogical evidentialism inspired by Bakhtinian theory (Oliveira, 2021), articulating the observation of textual and discursive clues with the ideological horizon of the analyzed documents. The analytical process comprised six stages: bibliographic review; document review; macro and micro analysis of the curriculum; preliminary formulation and final proposal of pedagogical practices. The results indicate that the curriculum significantly reproduces the technical and performative rationality of the BNCC, marked by the standardization of command verbs and the reduction of the discursive subject’s centrality. The micro-level analysis, focused on the Portuguese Language materials and the Public Life field, revealed both the weakening of conflict and dissent and the existence of enunciative openings that enable the reconfiguration of argumentation as an ethical, responsive, and dialogic practice. In response, pedagogical pathways inspired by dialogism and Bakhtinian stylistics are proposed, emphasizing orality as a legitimate mode of argumentation. These include assemblies, discussion circles, mediated debates, and other speaking situations that foster counter-word, responsive listening, and participation in school public life. It is concluded that the teaching of argumentation, in order to fulfill its formative role in a democratic society, must go beyond technique and assessment, constituting itself as a living, situated practice shaped by the plurality of voices present in Brazilian public schools
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Ácido palmitoleico N-7 na modulação do metabolismo da glicose e do estresse oxidativo no tecido adiposo visceral humano in vitro
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2026-04-09) Lisboa, Nayara Ariel da Silva; Lopes, Andressa Bolsoni; Furieri, Lorena Barros; Alonso-Vale, Maria Isabel Cardoso
Introduction: Dysfunction of visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT) associated with obesity is characterized by impaired glucose metabolism, dysregulated adipokine secretion, and oxidative imbalance, contributing to systemic metabolic impairment. Palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7), a monounsaturated bioactive fatty acid, has been reported to modulate glucose and lipid metabolism in rodent and cellular models; nevertheless, its effects on human adipocytes under metabolically altered conditions are not fully elucidated. Objective and Methods: In the present study, we evaluated the effects of in vitro exposure to 16:1n-7 on glucose metabolism and oxidative stress in visceral adipocytes obtained from women with obesity and prediabetes. Treatment with 16:1n-7 enhanced both basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, accompanied by increased GLUT1 and GLUT4 expression and elevated AMPKα protein levels. Additionally, 16:1n-7 induced coordinated modulation of metabolic genes associated with glucose utilization and glyceroneogenesis instead of de novo lipogenesis. Endocrine activity was also affected, since 16:1n-7 decreased resistin secretion while maintaining adiponectin levels. Furthermore, although lipid peroxidation was not altered, palmitoleic acid reduced protein oxidation and reactive oxygen species generation, together with increased IDH2 and decreased iNOS expression, indicating selective attenuation of oxidative stress. Conclusion: Palmitoleic acid promotes glucose uptake through coordinated regulation of GLUT1 and GLUT4 and contributes to improved metabolic and redox balance in visceral adipocytes derived from women with obesity and prediabetes. These findings indicate that 16:1n-7 acts as a direct regulator of human adipocyte function under metabolically compromised conditions and reinforce its potential relevance in metabolic disorders
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Modernização agrícola e formação profissional : a trajetória da Escola Agrotécnica Federal de Santa Teresa-ES (1940-1979)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2026-05-26) Conde, Bruno Santos; Lima, Marcelo; Simões, Regina Helena Silva; Luiz, Miriã Lúcia; Medeiros Neta, Olívia Morais de; Pinto, Antônio Henrique
This study analyzes the history of agricultural vocational education in Brazil and in the state of Espírito Santo, examining how the local historical development of this type of education gave rise to the current Santa Teresa campus of the Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo. This approach examines the specific characteristics of this educational context and its place within the trajectory of agricultural education in the country. The central research question is to understand how the activities developed at the Escola Agrotécnica Federal de Santa Teresa were historically connected to educational projects associated with the modernization of agricultural production and the reorganization of rural populations’ lives throughout the twentieth century. To identify the particularities of the Santa Teresa institution in this process, we accessed the set of sources available in the school archives, which document the institution’s operation and transformations (curriculum matrices, enrollment records, statutes, property inventories, student files, class schedules, etc.). The study covers the period from 1940 to 1979, encompassing some of the main milestones in the trajectory of both the institution and agricultural education in Brazil, including the creation of the School by the state government, the transfer of its administration to the federal sphere, the enactment of the Organic Law of Agricultural Education, the transition of management from the Ministry of Agriculture to the Ministry of Education, and the emergence of the school-farm system. Methodologically, we employ a critical analysis of historical sources in dialogue with social history and the microhistorical approach, emphasizing the specificities of educational institutions (Bloch, 2001; Ginzburg, 2005; Levi, 2000; Thompson, 1981; Magalhães, 2004). To explore the data extracted from the archives, we examined the concept of modernization and its implications for agriculture (Schwartzman, 2004; Harvey, 1992; Monarcha, 2016; Pereira, 2012), focusing on the historicity of Brazilian vocational education and on formative processes as an interpretive tool for understanding the history of professional training in Brazil (Kuenzer, 1992; Ciavatta, 2019; Lima, 2016; 2017). Throughout the study, we identified that the Santa Teresa School was created with the objective of distinguishing itself from the correctional institutions that existed during the first decades of the twentieth century. Although traits such as the predominance of practical activities, student labor contributing to the school’s maintenance, and the boarding school system persisted, we also observed transformations such as the expansion of the core curriculum, the implementation of entrance examinations (vestibular), stricter age requirements for admission, the admission of women into regular courses, and improvements in teacher training. These findings indicate that the Escola Agrotécnica de Santa Teresa was actively aligned with projects of agricultural modernization and rural reorganization. At the same time, it transformed its institutional identity during the second half of the twentieth century, evolving from a model strictly oriented toward labor training to a broader educational project, as evidenced primarily by its curricular reconfigurations and by changes in the profile of the school community