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Produção do cafeeiro conilon empregando déficit e alternância na irrigação por gotejamento
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2026-01-20) Lopes, Vanessa Chaves; Bonomo, Robson; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4022-8216; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7564190687163814; https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5616-9499; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5842361106464695; Oliosi, Gleison; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8911-4976; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6488125967999191; Quartezani, Waylson Zancanella; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2700-332X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5049820995551608
Brazil is the world's largest coffee producer, and coffee farming in the country has expanded into areas with significant climatic variability, which is exacerbated by current changes in temperature and rainfall patterns, presenting significant water supply problems for coffee plants. Among the techniques used for water conservation, drip irrigation with Controlled Alternating Partial Irrigation of the Root Zone (APRI) and Irrigation Deficit (DI) stand out. The experiment was implemented in the field in July 2019 and evaluated until July 2024, using genotypes 143. Two drip irrigation tubes were installed per row of plants, one on each side of the root system. The amount of water applied to the treatments was calculated from the crop evapotranspiration for localized irrigation (ETcloc). The experimental design adopted was randomized blocks, with nine treatments and four replications. The treatments included replacing 50% of the crop evapotranspiration for localized irrigation (ETcloc) at intervals of 3, 7, and 14 days, and 100% of ETc at the same intervals. It also included a treatment with controlled deficit irrigation, applying 50% of ETc, in addition to fixed irrigation with 100% of ETc applied by two drip lines and fixed irrigation with 100% of ETc applied by one drip line on only one side of the root system, representing the standard irrigation management in the region. Productivity, yield, coffee bean classification by sieve, and water use efficiency (WUE) were evaluated. Average productivity, yield, and sieve classification did not show differences according to Tukey's test. Therefore, in general, the treatments that received 50% of the replacement blade obtained the highest EUA values.
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Mudança estrutural da economia brasileira pós anos 2000: uma análise a partir do modelo de insumo-produto
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2026-03-03) Christ, Matheus Zonta Guimarães; Sessa, Celso Bissoli; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-0244; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2412019938676749; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5143-9996; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8347423972144567; Ribeiro, Hilton Manoel Dias; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2729-9674; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8828278463287137; Aguilar, Balmore Alirio Cruz; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7505-073X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9218320991154026
This study aimed to measure and discuss the structural change of the Brazilian economy between 2000 and 2021, understood as significant transformations in the sectoral composition of the productive structure, in intersectoral linkages, and in the way output is generated, based on the analysis of annual input–output matrices. The central motivation lies in the importance of understanding the functioning and dynamics of the productive structure for the interpretation of the economic phenomena that occurred in the first two decades of the twenty-first century. This approach finds theoretical support in classical literature, such as Hirschman (1958) and Myrdal (1957), and engages with previous studies, particularly Pires (2013), by extending the period analyzed and employing an unprecedented series of annual matrices disaggregated into 51 sectors. Methodologically, the input–output model is applied to Brazil’s matrices, covering all years within the period considered. The use of a specific matrix for each year provides greater precision in the analysis of long-term structural transformations, allowing variations to be captured in greater detail. The results indicate movements without abrupt changes in sectoral orientations, in terms of linkage indices. The observed transitions are restricted to adjacent categories, and the maintenance of virtually the same key sectors throughout the period suggests a limited structural change, in line with the literature. No clear evidence of a generalized loss of intersectoral dynamism is identified, only occasional fluctuations in the variation coefficients. There is, however, a generalized increase in import penetration coefficients in 2021 compared to 2000, indicating possible demand leakages, although this interpretation requires further investigation. Structural decomposition analysis reveals that variations in output are largely explained by changes in demand, with a low technological contribution. The findings reinforce the need for public policies that explicitly consider existing productive linkages, guiding economic policy toward sectors with greater capacity to generate growth, and point to the use of input–output matrices as a permanent tool to support policy formulation.
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Fabricação, caracterização e avaliação de desempenho em usinagem de metal duro com adição de grafeno sinterizado por plasma pulsado
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-09-30) Rosa, Jhonatan Dantas dos Santos; Carneiro, Marcelo Bertolete; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5817-8475; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5985238373861974; Barbosa, Patrícia Alves; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1930-0815; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8803458151203934; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5871-7434; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2127527753095331; Machado, Izabel Fernanda; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1079-0777; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6705415923436933; Filgueira, Marcello; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5297-0250; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0725750287341168
Cemented carbide, primarily composed of tungsten carbide (WC) and cobalt (Co), is the most widely used cutting tool material in the metalworking industry. Even with its excellent hardness and toughness properties, cemented carbide continues to be the focus of constant development, such as the addition of graphene. This nanoadditive promises to increase the performance of conventional materials by improving mechanical and lubrication properties. In this regard, this work aims to fabricate, characterise and evaluate the machining performance of cemented carbide with fewlayer graphene (FLG) addition. For this purpose, WC-10Co+0.1FLG and WC-10Co samples were sintered by spark plasma (SPS) at 1400°C, with uniaxial pressure of 40MPa in vacuum. Some of these samples were used for microstructural, hardness, fracture toughness, and density characterisation. Others were ground to produce cutting tools. The SPS-sintered tools with and without graphene addition were compared with a commercial insert (WC-Co - Commercial). Dry turning tests on grey cast iron FC250 were carried out under constant cutting conditions (Vc=150 m/min, f=0.15 mm/rev and ap=1.5 mm). Machining force, apparent coefficient of friction, cutting temperature, surface roughness parameter and tool wear were evaluated. The results showed that the addition of 0.1%wt of FLG has little influence on densification, with no effect on hardness; however, it promoted an average increase of 13.82% in fracture toughness. Graphene addition also promoted a overall gain in cutting tool performance, significantly reducing the machining force, the apparent coefficient of friction, and cutting temperature by 40.17%, 46.13% and 15.65%, respectively, compared to commercial insert. Furthermore, the nanoadditive improving the surface finish, reducing Ra by 68.75% compared to the commercial cutting tool. Regarding SPS-sintered tools, the graphene contributed to a 19.56% reduction in FU and a 29.22% reduction in the apparent friction coefficient. The WC10Co+0.1FLG tool showed crater wear (KB) of 448 µm and flank wear (VBB) of 218.3 µm. The last one was approximately three times smaller than the other inserts evaluated, with attrition as the dominant mechanism. Therefore, 0.1%wt of few-layer graphene (<10) added to cemented carbide (WC-10Co), which provides self lubrication and increased thermal conductivity, as well as fracture toughness; together with SPS sintering technique, which promotes high physical-mechanical characteristics; are shown as promising, innovative and efficient alternatives in the machining process sustainability.
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Obtenção do extrato de café verde conilon (Coffea canephora) e seus efeitos na resposta pós-prandial de incretinas e na homeostase da glicose
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2026-02-25) Silva, Thalia Gomes; Grancieri, Mariana ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8888-5496; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6646062052507980; Sant' Ana, Cíntia Tomaz; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1385-9274; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5267705234203118; Costa, André Gustavo Vasconcelos ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2393-6384; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5406130298857736; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2824-4778; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5338614493677967; Costa, Neuza Maria Brunoro ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4967-9937; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9592871700382838; Bressan, Josefina ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4993-9436; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6723886773861125
Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide and has been extensively investigated due to its potential beneficial health effects, mainly attributed to its phenolic and bioactive compounds. Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) presents higher levels of these compounds in the form of green beans, since the roasting process promotes significant losses of these compounds. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate different extraction methods of green robusta coffee and investigate the effects of consumption on glycemic, hormonal, and subjective appetite parameters in eutrophic or obese individuals. The different extraction methods were compared in relation to the content of total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, and content of bioactive compounds. According to the results found, among the methods evaluated, conventional infusion for 10 minutes at 90 ºC presented higher concentrations of compounds of interest and high antioxidant capacity when compared to the other methods evaluated, thus being chosen for use in the acute clinical trial. A randomized, single-blind, crossover study was conducted with a one-week washout period between tests. Volunteers, divided into two groups—one of eutrophic individuals (n=10) and the other of obese individuals (n=9)—consumed a control syrup containing 75g of glucose and 250 mL of water, and a syrup containing 55 mL of green coffee extract, 195 mL of water, and 75g of glucose. Blood samples were collected at 0 (fasting), 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes, simulating an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). At the same collection times, volunteers also answered questionnaires regarding subjective appetite parameters using a visual analog scale, allowing for an assessment of subjective appetite perceptions throughout the postprandial period. Postprandial glycemic and hormonal responses showed expected physiological behavior after glucose ingestion, with an initial increase in blood glucose followed by increased insulin secretion and the release of the incretins GIP and GLP-1. However, no significant differences were observed in blood glucose and GIP in the total and incremental areas under the curve (AUC) (p>0.05). However, ingestion of glucose syrup containing green coffee extract significantly reduced the total and incremental AUC of insulin (p<0.05), without altering blood glucose, suggesting greater metabolic efficiency and possible improvement in insulin sensitivity. A reduction in the incremental AUC of GLP-1 (p<0.05) and an increase in the tAUC of glucagon (p<0.05) were also observed. Regarding subjective appetite parameters, assessed using the visual analog scale, no significant diferences were observed. The results suggest that, although green coffee extract did not modulate postprandial glycemia, it was able to alter hormonal responses related to glycemic homeostasis, reinforcing the potential modulating effect of acute consumption of the extract on glucose metabolism
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Economia e estrutura ocupacional do Espírito Santo (2012–2024) : dependência externa e precariedade laboral
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-12-08) Barbosa, Otavio Luis; Colombi, Ana Paula Fregnani; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5918-4006; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1432498628851463; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9708-847X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7719115511764300; Faleiros, Rogério Naques; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1209-8458; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8623145444402957; Mota, Fernando Cézar de Macedo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2577-6660; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6007792964190655; Krein, José Dari; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4277-2290; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3697694280982227
This dissertation analyzes the relationship between economic dynamics and the occupational structure of Espírito Santo between 2012 and 2024, discussing how Brazil’s subordinate insertion into the world economy and, within it, the position of Espírito Santo shape labor precarization. The analysis seeks to answer the following research question: what occupational structure has the Espírito Santo economy, oriented by external dynamics, been able to produce between 2012 and 2024? The study adopts a historical-structural approach that articulates the transformations of contemporary capitalism, financialization and neoliberalism with Brazil’s pattern of dependent development and the specific trajectory of Espírito Santo’s economy throughout the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Methodologically, it is an empirical study of a quantitative and descriptive-analytical nature, based on the construction of social indicators using microdata from the Continuous PNAD (National Household Sample Survey) and the Annual Social Information Report, operationalized through the R and SQL programming languages. The results show that the occupational structure of Espírito Santo is organized around the centrality of informal work, which comes to dictate the dynamics of entry and re entry into the labor market over the period analyzed. In the formal segment, there is an advance of the agenda of flexibilization of labor relations, with the growth of fixed-term, part-time and intermittent contracts. In addition, the persistence of an earnings gap between formal and informal workers and the narrowing of the advantages associated with higher levels of schooling are highlighted. At the same time, Espírito Santo’s economy remains highly dependent on activities geared towards the external market, reproducing a pro-cyclical trajectory in relation to the movements of international capital and marked by strong macroeconomic volatility, with direct impacts on the level and composition of employment. It is concluded that the occupational structure produced by the Espírito Santo economy in the period reinforced and deepened historical weaknesses of the labor market, especially informality and low wages, indicating that precarization is not a conjunctural effect of specific crises, but a constitutive dimension of Brazil’s dependent pattern of development that shapes Espírito Santo’s insertion into contemporary capitalism.