Doutorado em História

URI Permanente para esta coleção

http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17522

Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início: 2011
Conceito atual na CAPES: 5
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE (Portaria MEC Nº 1585 de 20/06/2003).
Publicado no DOU em 23/05/203.
Parecer CNE/CES 083/2003.
Periodicidade de seleção: Anual
Área(s) de concentração: História Social das Relações Políticas
Url do curso: https://historia.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGHIS/detalhes-do-curso?id=1413

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A escrita de si do intelectual Jerônimo Vingt-un Rosado Maia: arquivos pessoais e relações de poder na cidade de Mossoró (RN)-1920-2005
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-08-29) Fernandes, Paula Rejane; Leite, Juçara Luzia; Nader, Maria Beatriz; Medeiros Neta, Olivia Morais de; Borges, Luciana Souza; Franco, Sebastião Pimentel
Cette étude vise à à étudier comment Jérôme Vingt-un Rosado Maia (1920-2005) a été construit comme un intellectuel au service de la ville de Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte. Intellectuelle qui a dirigé ce qu'il a appelé la «bataille de la Culture», représentée par la construction du Musée publique municipale, la bibliothèque publique municipale, la création de l'éditeur Mossoroense Collection, et l'École d'agriculture Mossley (ESAM). Pour ce faire, nous avons un dialogue avec l'histoire culturelle, plus précisément, le schéma conceptuel Roger Chartier (1990, 2002, 2007), cet être, la propriété, la représentation et le mouvement, il nous permet de comprendre comment les gens pensent et ressentent à un moment donné. Pour comprendre le rôle de l'intellectuel dans la société nous le dialogue avec Jean-François Sirinelli (1996). À son tour, la notion de champ sera pensé par le dialogue avec Pierre Bourdieu (2002). En tant que source de la recherche, nous utilisons les archives personnelles de Vingt-un Rosado, livres et journaux Mossoroense collection Mossoroense, Gazeta do Oeste, De Fato.
Conflito familiar, vida urbana e estigmatização na África Proconsularis: o caso de Apuleio de Madaura (século II d.C.)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-06-26) Lima Neto, Belchior Monteiro; Silva, Gilvan Ventura da; Guarinello, Norberto Luiz; Mendes, Norma Musco; Feldman, Sérgio Alberto; Leite, Leni Ribeiro
In ancient roman society, marriage was a way to consolidate family alliances and often to serve political, economical and social conveniences, as in the case of the union between Apuleius and Aemilia Pudentilla, in the town of Oea. This matrimony allowed Pudentilla to benefit from the author’s amicitia with important personalities of the imperial society and thus gave her eldest son, Sicinius Pontianus, possibilities of social ascension. On the other hand, it represented a new paradigm of political and matrimonial relations in Oea and broke an ancestral alliance between two of the most important local families: the Aemilii and the Sicinii. As a consequence, part of the town’s elite opposed to the presence of Apuleius and scattered rumors that stigmatized him as a magus and a homo extrarius. That meant, after all, an intent to degrade the author’s honor before public opinion of Oea. In this context, Apuleius was judged for crimen magiae by the court of Proconsular Africa governor, based in the basilica of the neighboring city of Sabratha. Despite the risk of capital punishment, Apuleius saw his own judgment as a public arena to absolve his honor, since his defense speech in the basilica of Sabratha could influence those who took him for a sorcerer. For this purpose, Apuleius based his speech on a logic of identity construction and bet on a rhetoric of differentiation. The author distinguished himself of his adversaries by making a very high representation of himself, as a platonic philosopher in possession of paideia, and at the same time portrayed his accusers as ignorant and primitive, i.e. incapable of telling the difference between philosophers and sorcerers. This strategy was successful and a proof of this is the public recognition obtained by Apuleius in Carthage, where the author became a famous public speaker and magistrate and a statue was erected in homage to him. In our perception, the stigmatization of Apuleius and the subsequent recovery of his honor show how different representations can be built according to the way in which social groups produce their own interpretations of the world – often competing and differentiated. To sum up, the problems analyzed in this thesis clarify the multiple processes by which identities are differently defined.
Poder e relações políticas na educação: o método Lancaster no ensino público do Espírito Santo (1827 a 1860)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-08-24) Ferreira, Dirce Nazaré de Andrade; Schwartz, Cleonara Maria; Franco, Sebastião Pimentel; Delboni, Tânia Mara Zanotti Guerra Frizzera; Oliveira, Eduardo Augusto Moscon; Campos, Dulcineia
This study deals with a historical survey that addressed the Lancasterian Method in nineteenth-century public education in the Province of the Holy Spirit. Analyzes the schooling between 1827 to 1871 for the presence of Lancasterian Method and strategies. Addresses the disciplinary techniques contained in the work of Joseph Lancaster from his works, the original sources of the nineteenth century, made available by the British School of Hitchin Museum in London. Describes the structures and pedagogical materials described by Lancaster to extend teaching and boost enrollment in eight. Aims to investigate the power and political relations that were inserted in education by Lancasterian method, analyze policies and pedagogical practices developed in education and discuss the power relations contained in the official discourse of the agents responsible for education in the Province of the Holy Spirit. Describes the method Lancasterian structures and teaching materials such as classrooms, sand boxes, slate boards, the lancasterianos commands, punishments and rewards. Demonstrates that the rationality of the method was inserted in post-independent Brazil to form a system of education supported by the monarchical state and the Catholic church. Describes Gennaro da Cunha Barbosa and Law Reform Couto Ferraz as legislative measures that formalized the method Lancasterian in Brazil as a strategy to discipline, orderly preach civility, love of country and religious devotion. Describes education in the Holy Spirit Province from 1827 to 1871 through the speeches of Presidents of the Province, demonstrating adherence to Lancasterian method. Discusses the Holy Spirit and the politics that gave perspectives on education to strengthen and discipline the people. Describes the primary sources contained in the Public Archives and demonstrates Lancasterian Method in newspapers of the nineteenth century, and in the Rules Schools of First Letters of 1871. In technical visit, makes a comparison between the in situ primary sources lancasterianas the Holy Spirit and sources archived at the British Museum School, Hitchin, UK, demonstrating that there are similarities and differences between the two loci Lanacasterino Method and political strategies were incorporated in education as a way of exercising power.
Crônicas de uma batalha simbólica: as representações neoliberais e suas concorrentes na imprensa argentina (1989, 1991, 2001)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-08-26) Nascimento, Rodrigo Cerqueira do; Gil, Antonio Carlos Amador; Leite, Juçara Luzia; Santos, Fabio Muruci dos; Alves, Gabriela Santos; Capelato, Maria Helena Rolim
The trajectory of neoliberalism in Argentina is part of a broader context of implementing the thesis of Washington Consensus in most Latin American countries at the end of the 1980s. At the same time, its employment, since the beginning of President Carlos Menem government, represents the abandonment, by the president, of the values related to the Peronist tradition and his alliance to domestic and international groups associated with financial capital. More than a political success, the implementation of structural reforms in Argentina was a symbolic victory, in which social representations associated to neoliberalism were imposed on its competitors to explain the situation and established themselves as a tool to diagnose that crisis, explain its origins and propose solutions to it. This thesis analyzes social representations related to neoliberalism in three relevant Argentine newspapers during three specific moments of its recent history: the election of Carlos Menem to president in 1989; the appointment of Domingo Cavallo as Economy Secretary in 1991, and the implementation of the Convertibility Law; and social and financial crisis that brought down the government of Fernando de la Rúa in December 2001. Using methodological tools developed by content analysis and historically contextualizing references, this investigation examines editorials and opinion notes from Clarín, La Nación and Página/12 to identify the social representations that these newspapers used to discuss the implementation and, then, the crisis of neoliberal reforms project in Argentina under Menem and De la Rúa. The press interpretations about Argentine’s past, the crisis that came up in the 1980s and the projected future for the country accompanied, in large measure, the editorial guidance of these newspapers and their former political tendencies. However, although their original trend remained, the neoliberal thought could impose its agenda to the press and imposed the terms of economic and political debate in most of the period. Without fostering a consensus, Argentina’s media under Menem and De la Rúa reflected the battle of social representations disputing the symbolic power over society in the country at that time
Da catacumba à basílica: hibridismo cultural, domesticação do sagrado e conflito religioso no contexto de emergência do marianismo (séc. III-V)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-09-11) Campos, Ludimila Caliman; Silva, Gilvan Ventura da; Silva, Roberta Alexandrina da; Siqueira, Silvia Márcia Alves; Feldman, Sergio Alberto; Leite, Leni Ribeiro
The formation of Marian devotion has been considered by many researchers, one of the most enigmatic objects of study of the History of Christianity, largely because of the sources available for understanding this event are plural and difficult to be concatenated. The documentary corpora we elect – images, epigraphic inscriptions, liturgical texts, chronicles, letters, homilies, doctrinal texts and conciliar texts – indicates, above all, the emergence of this piety was wrapped in a web of power relations woven by bishops, monks, authorities Imperial and devotees. Initially, the border Christianity was forged from the middle of the III century cooperated to a large extent, for the hybridization of some forms of worship, including the devotion to Mary, as we have seen, for example, the creation of Marian frescoes in the Catacombs of St. Priscilla. Although manifest initially in a dispersed manner, Marian piety will be domesticated by the ekklesia pari passu to its strengthening among filochristians groups, on account of the efforts of some church leaders of Alexandria, especially Clement of Alexandria, Origen and Athanasius – members the center of studies of Alexandria – who dedicated themselves to develop a theology grounded in the glorification of Mary. In the IV and V centuries, we noted, throughout the Empire, the spread of reserved devotional practices to Mary under the scope of personal and monastic piety, a fact that displeased largely, some episcopal authorities, especially those affiliated to school of Antioch. Therefore, in the year 431, it broke a major controversy in the Council of Ephesus concerning the defense of the use of titles Christótokos and Theotókos, both awarded to Mary. The event was set up around the political and cultural struggle undertaken by bishops Nestorius of Constantinople and Cyril of Alexandria, in which he fought for doctrinal, liturgical institutionalization of worship. Soon after the victory of Cyril and his supporters, an important building was erected: the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore. The project demonstrated that piety to Mary turned out to be not only safeguarded and institutionalized by the ekklesia, but also manipulated to serve as the emblem for the glorification of the power of the bishop of Rome.
"No soy um aculturado": identidade nacional e indigenismo nas obras de José Maria Arguedas
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-10-22) Jesus, Graziela Menezes de; Crespo, Regina Aida; Gil, Antonio Carlos Amador; Nascimento, Jorge Luiz do; Santos, Fabio Muruci dos; Bittencourt, Libertad Borges; Castro, Fernando Luiz Vale
The debate on peruvian national identity; started in the nineteenth century, focused on the discussion of the role of indigenous people, considered by some a problem and, by others, the true source of national culture. Within this context stood out the thought of the writer and ethnographer José Maria Arguedas, known for the representation of Andean culture in his works and the social conflicts in white-indian relationship. Due to this characteristic, his works were considered a part of current indigenist literature. In our research the goal is to analyze the construction of the Peruvian national identity in Arguedas writings based on the assumption that his concept is in a first moment t affiliated to the indigenist conception, then present himself as a defense of cultural miscigenation. Our sources are in majority the authors’ novels.
As origens da Guerra do Paraguai: uma análise das causas da guerra à luz da teoria realista das Relações Internacionais
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-11-06) Jesus Júnior, Helvécio de; Bentivoglio, Julio César; Campos, Adriana Pereira; Dadalto, Maria Cristina; Angelo, Vitor Amorim de; Vas, Braz Batista
This study aims to investigate the origins of the Paraguayan War (1864-1870) connecting the main causes with political realism, an International Relations theory devoted to the study of the causes of war. The variables of political realism help to understand the phenomenon of war and organize the intellectual enterprise in levels of analysis and concepts. For this purpose, I sought to present a study on the importance of the political context of the meanings of concepts such as "balance of power"; "Human nature"; "Balance of threats" and "geopolitics" and its connections with the Paraguayan War causes. The political and strategic thinking of the main leaders was also exposed to understand what they thought of the national power and the war itself. Similarly, the diplomatic environment and the evolution of regional tensions were described with the aid of documents and letters of the period helped to understand the path taken by Brazilian, Argentinean, Paraguayan and Uruguayan toward the tragedy of war.
Movimento camponês e camponês em movimento: (estudo histórico da violência na frente pioneira do Noroeste do Espírito Santo: 1950-1960)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-12-16) Muramatsu, Luiz Noboru; Ribeiro, Ana Maria Motta; Rodrigues, Márcia Barros Ferreira; Matos, Sonia Missagia; Franco, Sebastião Pimentel; Dadalto, Maria Cristina; Angelo, Vitor Amorim de
Ecoporanga, municipality located in the northwest of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil, about 290km from the capital city Vitoria, was the stage for intense agrarian conflicts between 1950 and 1962. At that time, this area was known as “Contested Region”, due to the undefined border limits between the states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais. Located in a pioneer zone and having large amounts of unclaimed land, Ecoporanga started to receive a strong flow of land-seeking immigrants from the south of the State of Bahia and east of Minas Gerais. Two forms of legal rights were confronted at that time: the supposed farm owner's property rights and the peasants' ownership. The spread idea of agrarian reform in Goulart’s Federal Government helped worsen the fights. The historical denouement was the expulsion of all landholder’s families using police force, during the Lindemberg State Government. This study aims to discuss the use of micro-history and the oral history resource so as to recover memories of the landholders’ saga, including a short comment on the rise of a reportedly mysticalreligious movement led by Udelino Alves de Matos.
A narrativa histórica da superação do atraso: um desafio historiográfico do Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-04-05) Nascimento, Rafael Cerqueira do; Ribeiro, Luiz Cláudio; Gil, Antonio Carlos Amador; Oliveira, Ueber José de; Siqueira, Maria da Penha Smarzaro; Pereira, André Ricardo Valle Vasco; Almeida, Maria Regina Celestino de
This thesis aims to perform a history of the historiography of Espírito Santo trying to understand the procedures, functions and meanings involving different historiographical productions about the state of Espírito Santo between the 1960s and the early twenty-first century. The research analyzes the books História do Estado do Espírito Santo, by José Teixeira de Oliveira (1975), História do Espírito Santo, by Maria Stella de Novaes (1964), O Espírito Santo é assim, by Neida Lúcia Borges (1971), and Gabriel Bittencourt’s História Geral e Econômica do Espírito Santo: do engenho colonial ao complexo fabril-portuário (2006). Besides these, it discusses a new historiography that emerges in the first decade of this century, specially, but not exclusively, associated to the Social History of Political Affairs Program (Programa de História Social das Relações Políticas – PPGHIS-UFES). Therefore, grounding the analysis on references of History of Historiography and Theory of History, in particular Reinhart Koselleck and Jörn Rüsen, this thesis evaluates which kind of relations the historiographical productions established with the local past and which meanings the historical narratives attributed to this past. Thus, on the one hand, we identify the emergence and course of a historical narrative of overcoming backwardness: the narrative of the progressive development of Espírito Santo, set in the works of José Teixeira de Oliveira, Neida Lucia and Maria Stella de Novaes, and account of the economic formation of Espírito Santo, represented by the work of Gabriel Bittencourt. On the other hand, we demonstrate how the new historiography, critical narratives about Espírito Santo, has collaborated with the deconstruction of those mainstream narratives about the past of state. We, therefore, consider that the analysis of this local history writing path allowed us to comprehend how this paradigm of writing and understanding the past of Espírito Santo was built on the notions of delay and overcoming. We understand that the perspective of overcoming the delay defined a place for periods, historical events and characters that had their value to the local past defined in terms of their contribution to or obstruction of the development of the state. Doing so, we identify how the narratives of overcoming backwardness support the development projects of Espírito Santo and contributed to its legitimacy, both in the 1960s with industrialization, as in the political uses of the past performed by the political discourse of Paul Hartung on the Third Development Cycle in the XXI century. Finally, we evaluate the importance of critical narratives in deconstructing the perspective of overcoming the delay and its relevance in the definition of different meanings to the history of Espírito Santo.
A criação de unidades de conservação no Espírito Santo entre 1940 e 2000: contextualização, conflitos e redes de interesse na apropriação social do meio ambiente
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-04-11) Santos, Leonardo Bis dos; Ribeiro, Luiz Cláudio Moisés; Siqueira, Maria da Penha Smarzaro; Oliveira, Ueber José de; Ferreira, Martha Tristão; Silva, Maria Inês Ferreira de Amorim Brandão da
Discussions about the environment are part of the day. They come up as subject in the most variable circles, given its relevance to the continuous material reproduction of the society. Products with green seals certifications and political parties whose main concern is the environmental cause is part of people's lives daily. But how have this agenda been built in recent history? Following this thought, the present thesis, initiating from the case study of the state of Espírito Santo (Brazil) between the years 1940 and 2000, aims to contribute with data and information source. Theoretically, this study consists of the dialog between Political History and Environmental History, applying concepts of renowned authors like Pierre Bourdieu. Empirically, the objective was to tabulate the creation of protected areas or conservation units, which can be seen as government actions in order to conserve nature. Given the time range the study covered, it could be noticed the origin, organization and consolidation of the government operation, showing the development of the actions, single and/or collective, about the different forms of use of the natural resources, sometimes visible in the economy, politics and/or sociocultural habits. That way, it becomes very clear that in the period of arising of this new politics, given the absence of organized social movements, the political capital of its defensors was imperative. By the time in which the progress of the democracy in Brazil and the international context of questioning the models of wealth accumulation and the exhaustion of the natural resources in the planet, the envinronmental schedule in the state of Espírito Santo (Brazil) begins to mobilize more and more agents to its cause. The individual political capital slowly gives place to the symbolic capital deriving out of the social mobilization. This change, in the course of six decades, is notable in the process of definition of public agendas. The total of the material was analysed according to main principles of network and social conflict, on the constant and contradictory movement of interrelationship.
A reinvenção da cidade: a transformação das ruas e o reordenamento da vida na cidade de Vitória/ES, 1890-1928
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-04-13) Ferreira, Gilton Luis; Siqueira, Maria da Penha Smarzaro; Franco, Sebastião Pimentel; Merlo, Patrícia Maria da Silva; Angelo, Michelly Ramos de; Ribeiro, Maria do Carmo Franco
The reinvention of the city - metonymy of urban modernization and consequence of modernity, ideology of progress and technical rationality — radically changed the forms of spatial organization, social relationships, habits and customs of life in the urban universe of the Western world. When articulating categories of distinct analysis such as space and society in the long term and shorter clippings, the urban way of life as category of analysis, and the city as a research subject inscribed in historiography are shaped. In order to explain how the changes occurred in the urban space of the city of Vitória, state capital of Espírito Santo, influenced the adoption of new social practices and appropriation of public spaces by its population, the urban instruments that made the reorganization of collective life possible from 1890 to 1928, are identified that is, from the year of the publication of the first Municipal Code of Postures of the city of Vitória — the republican period — until the end of the government of the President of the State Florentino Avidos — period when sources revealed a significant amount of physical and social changes in the city, interpreted as the period of its reinvention.
O Elo Perdido: o Conselho de Desenvolvimento Econômico do Espírito Santo-CODEC (1950-1980)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-06-07) Ribeiro, Diones Augusto; Ribeiro, Luiz Cláudio Moisés; Honorato, Cezar Teixeira; Siqueira, Maria da Penha Smarzaro; Silva, Marta Zorzal e; Oliveira, Ueber José de
The thesis aims to understand the importance of the Conselho de Desenvolvimento Econômico do Espírito Santo (Codec) for public policies designed to modernize the Espírito Santo - considering the per capita levels of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais - through planning and industrialization, between the years 1950 and 1980. The Codec was the locus where part of the proposals, aimed at Espírito Santo capitalist development, were intended, in view of the need to reorient the local economy to the changes brought about by the eradication of coffee plantations and the different projects industrial formulated for the development of the local economy, due to the state political game which saw industrialization as a means of political hegemony. The final synthesis of such projects were the great impact projects, which reinforced the complementary position of the state economy on the world stage by fixing the big mining, steel and pulp. Political, economic and social changes promoted aimed suit the local economy to international capitalism through the public capital partnership with the private, without significant structural changes. There was intense concentration of wealth and land, especially in the metropolitan area of the Grande Vitória, "heart" of major projects.
Separando a palha do bom grão: autoridade episcopal e disciplina eclesiástica em Cartago segundo o testemunho de Cipriano (século III d. C.)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-07-08) Soares, Carolline da Silva; Silva, Gilvan Ventura da; Campos, Adriana Pereira; Faversani, Fábio; Frighetto, Renan; Feldman, Sergio Alberto
The episcopate of Cyprian in Carthage lasted only nine years, from 249 to 258. In that short time, however, the bishop produced a large number of works that tell us about the life and the problems faced by Christians in a time of instability in the Roman Empire and crisis within the Carthaginian church, since the period in which Cyprian wrote his works was marked by the first official persecution of Christians, first with Decius, in 249, and then, with Valerian, in 253. The corpus Cypriani allows us to observe how the contacts, conflicts and negotiations occurred in the Ancient city space, which enables an investigation of the set of capillar power relations between Christians and the disciplinary recommendations made by Cyprian in Carthage. Therefore, we analyze the conflict within the Carthage congregation concerning the re-baptism of the lapsi, that came up with the persecution of Decius and Valerian, and the socio-cultural and religious interactions that exists among Christians, pagans and Jews in the city of Carthage in mid-century III A.D., with the intention to elucidate the formation of religious boundaries between the adherents of Christianity, paganism and Judaism. In order to guide the Carthaginian congregation that he thought to have relaxed in the customs and practices, Cyprian recommended to Christians some disciplinary codes that should be adopted. Because of the yearning of standardize the Carthaginian congregation we highlight the importance of the works of Cyprian concerning the attempt to separate the Christians from the adherents of other faiths and of city spaces that the bishop assessed as dangerous, unclean and therefore able to polluting the assembly. We identify that the recommendations of Cyprian aimed at the formation of a “legitimate” Christian, free of hybridity and "impurities", i.e., a Christian who takes care of the sexual continence, of the alms and charity, of the prayer and discipline. For the Carthaginian bishop, the legitimate Christian should be a devotee who respects the episcopal authority, the legitimacy of the bishop and not attend the prohibited 14 areas of the city, own pagans and Jews. Given this situation, we defend the hypothesis that the period of “crisis” and persecution, characteristic of mid-third century, sparked a conflict in the Carthage church in which Cyprian tried to intervene as a regulator of behavior in order to define the legitimate Christian; and, that disciplinary determinations of Cyprian aimed at the organization and purity of the Carthaginian church in the third century against the behavior “inappropriate” of the the faithful who transited between Christian belief and habits and customs inherent to the pagan modus uiuendi and/or Jewish, own the classical city.
Entre táticas e estratégias: tolerância e intolerância religiosa no epistolário de Agostinho de Hipona (390-430)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-07-14) Gonçalves, José Mário; Feldman, Sérgio Alberto; Magalhães, Ana Paula Tavares; Andrade Filho, Ruy de Oliveira; Silva, Gilvan Ventura da; Silva, Érica Cristhyane Morais da
This work investigates the correspondence between the North-African Catholic bishop Augustine of Hippo (354–430) and his Donatist and pagan interlocutors. The analysis of those discourses reveals strategies and tactics employed by each of those involved in the religious conflicts of that context; also, it shows a reality in which tolerance and intolerance, dissension and coexistence, are present. The use of Augustine’s letters as basis for research allowed for a look at such realities from concrete situations of the bishop and his interlocutors’ day to day. Investigation results revealed a world of conflicts in which each group fought to affirm its identity through discourse and praxis. However, it has also revealed a world of coexistence, appropriation and reappropriation, equivalence and continuity. As intolerance and repression against religious groups that diverged from Catholicism grew, situations of coexistence decreased; and those of violence and clash increased instead. The Empire’s coercive force — whose legislation favored Catholicism and criminalized its adversaries — backed Augustine, who from that advantageous position established strategies for the legitimation of such position. His interlocutors responded by availing themselves of various tactics. Regarding pagans, there are examples from both the employment of violence and dialogue attempts; regarding Donatists, the practice of rebaptism, accusations of persecution and the refusal to reply to Augustine’s letters and debate him. Those were all expressions of identity affirmation and resistance to Catholic dominance.
A política na antessala do parlamento: imprensa e sociabilidades na formação da esfera pública de opinião em Vitória/ES, nos anos de 1840 a 1889
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-08-31) Bastos, Fabíola Martins; Campos, Adriana Pereira; Silva, Gilvan Ventura da; Vasconcellos, João Gualberto Moreira; Merlo, Patrícia Maria da Silva; Cavalcanti, Vanessa Ribeiro Simon
In this thesis we discuss the creation of the sphere of public opinion in the city of Vitoria, in the 1800s. In this period, the political sociabilities broke new grounds, beyond the meetings in public environments of this city (streets and squares): the local newspapers, associations and clubs. We chose, as the main source for this research, the regular newspapers from Espírito Santo which were published in Vitoria between 1849 and 1889. We could notice, in these documents, a chance in the journalism-related activities in Espírito Santo, in the end of 1850s, when opposition press and opinion press started their activities in the capital city, which promoted the creation of another type of political sociability: the printed one. From 1860 to 1889, politics became a frequent theme in editorials and the political sociabilities increased their publicity in the printed form. Disputes between members of the local elite, elections and issues related to the public life in the province (and also in the country) started to be discussed in the press, in order to define values for local politics. Newspapers set a new political vocabulary and the articles published in this press became more general, since they favored themes of the public sphere related to politics in the province, material and intellectual development of the province, management of municipalities, sanitary condition of the capital, and others. In this time, we could notice the first uses of the expression of the public opinion in the press from Vitoria, in which the inhabitants of Espírito Santo were, at the same time, experiencing and defining such expression. Thus we saw the rise of public opinion as a resource to legitimize political practices, a symbolic move that transforms individual or sectoral opinions into general opinion. We interpret these changes in political sociabilities, expressed mainly in the press of Espírito Santo, as a process of creation of the public sphere of opinion. This sphere did not become a political-cultural void. Throughout the period studied, we acknowledge the experience of communication practices influenced by spoken language, such as hoaxes, and the streets as a place for political participation.
Moniz Freire e a construção de uma identidade política capixaba (1882-1908): entre sonhos e mágoas, o brilho da Estrela "Intrometida"
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-09-28) Sueth, José Candido Rifan; Franco, Sebastião Pimentel; Silva, Gilvan Ventura da; Bentivoglio, Julio César; Salomon, Marlon Jeison; Pinto, Surama Conde Sá
This thesis aims to demonstrate that the representations disseminated about the political and cultural position of Espirito Santo before other regions of Brazil find themselves in the midst of a capixaba political identity built by Moniz Freire between 1882 and 1908. The pillars of this political identity relate themselves with the feeling of hurt and desire of Espirito Santo to enter into the Brazilian political world, understood in the proposed time frame. This study deepens on how it was generated, in Espirito Santo, this set of social representations that defined the region as abandoned and doomed to failure and the way they are present in the Moniz Freire's speech focused on the development of region. For the understanding of what we proposed in this research are established three central theoretical dimensions, deeply related to each other - power, social representation and identity - and studied respectively by Max Weber, Serge Moscovici and Stuart Hall. Our study methodology of the chosen sources turned to a set of communication analysis techniques, called content analysis by Laurence Bardin. We also analyzed in the thesis the decay of political prestige of Moniz Freire and the consequent loss of influence of political identity created for him. There are detailed and analyzed important aspects of the trajectory capixaba policy
Religião e história: em nome do pai: Gilberto Freyre e Casa-Grande & Senzala, um projeto político salvífico para o Brasil (1906-1933)?
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-10-19) Coelho, Claudio Marcio; Rodrigues, Márcia Barros Ferreira; Cerqueira Filho, Gisálio; Lima, Cláudia Henschel de; Dadalto, Maria Cristina; Mattos, Sônia Missagia
The following Doctoral Thesis is justified by the importance of the studies on religion and political history, the relevance of new research on the thought and work of the writer, historian and sociologist Gilberto Freyre; as well as the lack of academic studies about the impact of his religious experience in intellectual production and publishing work founder of Brazil: the book Casa-Grande & Senzala, 1933. The theme of religious culture – felt, thought and experienced – by our author is inebriated and subsumed in Brazilian historiography. His main studiers prefer to discuss religion in the work of Gilberto Freyre, but our intent is different, because what interests us is the subjective religious feeling of the author himself and how it spreads, overflows and insistently returns – as a symptom – in his intellectual production. Then, the questions we face in this thesis consist on: How the religious experience of Gilberto Freyre incurs on the translation of Brazilian past? What are the political effects of the author’s religious feeling in his writing of the history of Brazil? Furthermore, the hypotheses formulated are: the intellectual trajectory of the young and the man Gilberto Freyre was marked by a puissant missionary feeling; this feeling resonated decisively, guiding and structuring their interests, intellectual and political choices; in Gilberto Freyre’s fantasy; Casa-Grande & Senzala would be a saving political project for Brazil; the religious feeling of Gilberto Freyre incur on the writing of history, provoking authoritarian political effects in his translation of the Brazilian past. The conjuncture and the historical period we studied refer to his childhood in 1906, until the publication of Casa-Grande & Senzala in 1933. This doctoral work is situated in the field of the History of Political Ideas and is guided by the perspective of subjectivized history, pursuing the confluence between the subjective, historical and political. Our referential methodological-theoretical is based on: in the Catholic religious culture in Portugal and Brazil; in the aesthetic-expressive rationality, to think about the conjuncture and the environment from the evidence; in the study of unconscious affections and emotions present in social relations by the clinical method – psychoanalysis in extension; in the dialogue between history and psychoanalysis to interpret the social symptoms; and on the political theory to identify and interpret accent affection and authoritarian character, which incur on the translation of the past and writing the history of Brazil by Gilberto Freyre.
O engrossamento, o capital e a ordem: a visão de Graciano Neves na análise da Primeira República (1892-1903)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-11-16) Diniz, Clarkson Machado; Rodrigues, Márcia Barros Ferreira; Souza, Cleinton Roberto Perpeto de; Dadalto, Maria Cristina; Misse, Michel; Franco, Sebastião Pimentel
This study aims at understanding the relationship between capital and order in the politic and social structuring of Espírito Santo of the First Republic (1892-1903) during the years of Muniz Freire (1892-1895), Graciano Neves (1896-1897), who resign, Constante Sodré (1897), vice-president who took charge until the definition of the substitute, José Marcelino de Vasconcelos (1898-1899), who completed Graciano Neves’s term and, again, Muniz Freire (1900-1903). The analysis was built based on the filter created by the book Doutrina do Engrossamento (The Doctrine of the Thickening), by Graciano Neves. Our hypothesis is that the thickening as the practice of adhesionism and the flattery of the great leader were the basis of the political relationship in the search of participation in power, avoiding wars and battles that could destabilize the order, since those who thicken, govern. Capital finances those who hold power in search of the stability needed to multiply, resulting in the scheme that’s at the book’s core: capital makes the order and order makes the capital. To analyze capital, order and the thickening in the first three terms of the republican government in Espírito Santo, we used the theoretical framework present in the literature recommended by Graciano Neves and his book, especially Augusto Comte. As sources we used the governmental messages and newspapers of the time, also including those of previous and subsequent periods. The methodology used is of historical indiciary bases, leading to the tracking and mapping of clues which will make possible countless possibilities of verification of several plans of analysis, and can be synthesized as a group of principles and procedures which contain the proposition of a heuristic method centered on the detail, on the marginal data, on the residues taken as clues, signs, indications, trace or symptom. It was concluded that the dynamic of the thickening was constant in the political relations, reflecting the balance of forces narrated in the Doctrine, although insufficient to avoid seizure of power and betrayals, especially in the periods in which the capital saw itself menaced and authorized a change in the leadership of the political forces. It became patent that the social order was built on political decisions that had as initial intentions the multiplication of capital, which the state became hostage of. It was observed that the leadership change was not revolutionary, as it took place on a process of changing of actors in the same political group, which demonstrates the tendency, described by Graciano Neves, of the search of maintaining the order through the capital.
Oligarquia e elites políticas no Espírito Santo: a configuração da liderança de Moniz Freire
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-11-17) Quintão, Leandro do Carmo; Franco, Sebastião Pimentel; Bentivoglio, Julio César; Siqueira, Maria da Penha Smarzaro; Pinto, Maria Inêz Machado Borges; Pinto, Surama Conde Sá; Pereira, Valter Pires
In order to analyze the setting of the leadership of Moniz Freire during the First Republic, one used the period between 1881 and 1918, to understand the way he related to the political elite from Espirito Santo, through the “Partido Republicano Construtor”, which he headed. One works the hypothesis that he used the oligarchic leadership on his political group, with characteristics of charismatic domination, built upon symbolic power, created in the early years of his political activities, concerning heroic and notorious types of political capitals. Moniz Freire reached this stage by his notorious intelligence and efforts for defending a plan for regional establishment of Espirito Santo, becoming its main spokesman. Such power has survived the political changes that occurred in Brazil and in Espirito Santo, such as the change of the regime and the political/party reorganization. Such changes, which happened in a short period of time, resulted in a crisis of legitimacy, in which Moniz Freire emerged as type of Savior. Considering the context and favorable political conditions, he ruled the State from 1892 to 1896, starting the implementation of the plan for regional establishment, as argued in the past, which, connected to good expectations for financial development of the state, highlighted his political capital, specially his heroic one, and his total control over the oligarchy that formed the “Partido Republicano Construtor”. Some years later, he was once again considered a savior, when facing the crisis of legitimacy within the oligarchy, when he was re-elected as the main governor of the State in 1900. Then, his political failure started, with a symbolic decline, when he was no longer able to solve the financial problems of the state and the political problems within the oligarchy. His charismatic authority, undermined, led to political decline, with the insubordination of his successor in the state government in 1905. The symbolic and political decay merged, leading him to collapse and his oligarchy to dissolution. This study is based in concepts such as “domination” and “charisma” from Max Weber; “symbolic power” and “political capital” from Pierre Bourdieu; “savior” and “legitimacy crisis” from Raoul Girardet. One also deals with the notion of “social representations” and the scheme of “appropriation-representation-circulation” from Roger Chartier. Magazines and newspapers – neutral, allies and opponents of Moniz Freire – as well as official documents and bibliography from that period support the proposed hypothesis. One uses content analysis, in order to investigate social representations of allies, and rhetoric, as a key for reading and understanding the construction of texts, mainly the ones from Moniz Freire, as a strategy for convincing, in the beginning of his political career
Uma linhagem manchada pelo pecado. A representação e a estigmatização dos judeus-conversos a partir da perspectiva cristã (Castela, 1391-1478)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-12-07) Follador, Kellen Jacobsen; Feldman, Sérgio Alberto; Montenegro, Enrique Cantera; Silva, Érica Cristhyane Morais da; Carneiro, Maria Luiza Tucci; Merlo, Patrícia Maria da Silva
This study aims at analyzing the social stigmatization of Christians from Jewish lineage, named conversos (New-Christians) in Coroa de Castela between 1391, when large part of the Jewish population was forced into Christian conversion, and 1478, when the Pope approved an inquisition court for the kingdom of Castela. After the conversions in 1391, part of the neophytes sought to be similar to the Christian community, in which they were considerably successful. Indications of stigmatization, however, had already started to emerge through the distinction between conversos and other Christians, who called themselves Old-Christians. The latter, guided by clear anti-Jewish prejudice heritage, considered the conversos as “other” Christians. The initial religious suspicion was added to social and political disputes that affected social relations negatively. Although not excluding the social and political factors, the hypothesis in this study is that the stigmatization of conversos was possible partly due to the religious and cultural concepts that some old-Christians had towards the conversos. To some Old-Christians, previously belonging to Judaism or the fact they descended from a lineage loyal to this religion prevented conversos from being considered legitimate Christians, which led to social stigmatization of many members in this group. In this setting, religious and cultural aspects of stigmatization can be identified in the discussion had in the kingdom of Castela, when the law known as Sentencia-Estatuto was created in 1449. It was intended to endorse prejudice and deny isonomy to conversos. In addition to this law, there were several accusations with religious and cultural features in satires and inquisition processes, which made it clear that the stigmatization of Christians from Jewish origin also had —besides social and political factors—influence of the cultural and religious framework common to Old-Christians during the study period.

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