Mestrado em Biotecnologia
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- ItemAvaliação das respostas ao estresse celular no câncer do sistema nervoso central relacionadas à variação de ploidia(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-02-26) Casotti, Matheus Correia; Louro, Iuri Drumond; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5160-9615; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3817361438227180; Meira, Débora Dummer ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6092-2459; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7199119599752978; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9191-8858; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6184046265391814; Gomes, Daniel Cláudio de Oliveira ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0663-0981; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3965075540969796; Moura Neto, Vivaldo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6266-043X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4692980070480625Among the most common cancers, central nervous system cancer (CNSC) ranks twelfth, representing an estimated 11,490 new cases annualy in Brazil. Many obstacles hinder successful oncology care for CNSC, including the complex relationship between genomic and chromosomal instability in driving tumor resistance and metastasis. In this context, this study investigated how ploidy variation affects tumor response, particularly in gliomas, with a focus on polyploid/multinucleated giant cancer cels (PGCCs/MNGCs). The main objective was to elucidate therapeutic stress mechanisms that promote tumor plasticity and to identify potential prognostic biomarkers through an integrated approach combining computational biology and translational studies with digital pathology. This approach included in silico analyses of protein-protein interaction networks using tools like STRING and Cytoscape (performing topological and functional evaluations via MCODE, stringApp, and Cytohubba), in vitro assays with U87 cells treated with temozolomide (conducted through single-ce l tracking and microscopic image analyses), and a translational study of histological samples from CNS tumor patients at the Central State Hospital/iNOVACapixaba, analyzed using the QuPath program. The results highlighted key biomarkers identified through signaling pathways such as EGFR/RAS/MAPK, PI3K/mTOR, and STAT3, supporting the metabolic resilience and invasiveness of PGCCs/MNGCs. Additionaly, IDH mutations, lipid metabolism alterations, aerobic glycolysis, autophagy, proteins such as cofilin, fascin-1, and tropomyosins, genomic instability, and ABC transporters were shown to impact chemoresistance and tumor progression. Histomorphometric analysis revealed the distribution of giant nuclei ce ls 11 across different tumor subtypes, with a predominance in Metastasis/Invasion (31%), Grade I Meningioma (28%), and Schwannoma (27%). A lower prevalence of giant nuclei was observed in tumors such as Grade II Ependymoma (7%) and GB/Grade IV Astrocytoma (3%), reinforcing the morphological heterogeneity described in the literature. Statistical analysis indicated normality in area values (p=0.759) and homogeneity of variances (p=0.367), while ANOVA testing revealed significant differences in area among tumor groups (p=0.032), notably between GB/Grade IV Astrocytoma and Metastasis/Invasion, validated by the Tukey HSD test (p=0.017). Schwannoma displayed high variability in nuclear area (CV=12.92%), indicating structural diversity. These findings confirmed potential correlations between ploidy variation and tumor progression, identifying them as potential prognostic biomarkers or tools for more precise prognostic assessments. It was concluded that integrating computational, laboratory, and histological analyses allows significant advancements in personalized antitumor therapies, emphasizing the importance of adaptive strategies in managing CNSC, especialy gliomas. This work contributes significantly to biotechnology and opens new therapeutic avenues based on PGCCs/MNGCs dynamics. Additiona ly, it marked a professional advancement with diverse outputs, including publications (71 in total), technical and extension contributions (4 courses taught), events (7, including 3 international ones—Spain, NASA/USA, Houston/USA), and a technical-scientific internship (Portugal, funded by FAPES)
- ItemSaccharomyces cerevisiae geneticamente modificadas e editadas aprovadas no Brasil: uma análise do papel da comissão técnica nacional de biossegurança (CTNBio) na inovação das indústrias de fermentação(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-12-18) Moreira, Yolanda Araujo; Fernandes, Antônio Alberto Ribeiro; Fernandes, Patrícia Machado Bueno; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2695-3638; Silva, Adriana Madeira Álvares da; Korres, Adriana Marcia NicolauThis study presents an analysis of genetically modified and edited Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts that were approved in Brazil by the National Technical Commission on Biosafety. The main objective was to investigate the contribution of these modifications to the Brazilian industrial and economic innovation context. The research was conducted using a qualitative and documentary methodology, analyzing CTNBio data on the commercial release of S. cerevisiae between 2009 and 2024. The work highlights the regulatory impact of CTNBio, which oversees the safe use of genetically modified and edited organisms. The results indicate a significant growth in the use of genetically modified yeast, with the main focus on its use in the fuel ethanol sector, representing 77% of applications. In the food and pharmaceutical industries, the use of GM yeast has generated important advances, increasing the competitiveness of the Brazilian bioindustry, reflecting the contribution of biotechnology to industrial sustainability. The increasing efficiency in CTNBio's regulatory processes through normative resolutions has simplified the approval procedures. Based on strict biosafety criteria and the precautionary principle, this approach ensures that these advances are implemented safely, minimizing environmental and public health risks. It is concluded that CTNBio plays a fundamental role in encouraging innovation, ensuring that technological advances follow strict biosafety guidelines that strengthen the Brazilian economy in key sectors of the bioindustry.
- ItemEfeito modulador da laser terapia sistêmica na inflamação em modelo de acidente vascular encefálico(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-10-18) Araújo, Stephanie Oliveira de; Pedrosa, Diego França ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7773847846982545; Nogueira, Breno Valentim ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2199-0635; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0011229320439147; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4179-4957; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4937376875703210; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1185-2773; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3761585497791105; Silva, André Romero da ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1497-6093; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3079774974302460This master's dissertation analyzed the impacts of systemic photobiomodulation, through the non-invasive technique of Intravascular Laser Irradiation of Blood (ILIB), in an experimental model of global cerebral ischemia in mice. The main focus was to examine how this therapy acts in a dose-dependent manner in the recovery of brain injuries caused by bicarotid occlusion. The mice were exposed to this occlusion, after which ILIB was applied at a dose of 3.2 J (TL group) and 6 J (TH group), and the therapeutic effects were measured through functional and biochemical parameters. Motor evaluations of the mice were performed at two different times: before and after the induction of stroke, showing a significant improvement in the groups treated with ILIB, especially at the higher doses, improving the motor ability, strength and mobility of the mice, as well as a decrease in inactivity time. The macroscopic area of cerebral infarction was analyzed, and the treated group showed a reduction (p<0.01) in the area damaged by ischemia. In addition, blood samples were collected for analysis of blood cell counts, revealing a modulation in the inflammatory response in the groups that received ILIB (p<0.05). Plasma and brain were also extracted to measure oxidative stress (OS) levels and inflammatory markers, and in the TL and TH groups there was a modulation in the production of interleukins (IL-12p70, IL-6, IL-10, MCP-1 and IFN-γ); among these, there was a significant increase in anti-inflammatory interleukin and others that are responsible for the response to post-stroke infections; these effects were dose-dependent. A decrease in OS was observed in the TH group compared to the AVC group in the analysis of protein oxidation in plasma of 37% and in the brain of 35%, however, in lipid peroxidation it was 70% in plasma and 37% in the brain. It is noteworthy that ILIB in this model showed surprising results. Clinical studies should be carried out to standardize the dose in humans and the number of applications, which prove the effect, as well as clarify the specific mechanisms that allow ILIB to exert its neuroprotective effects
- ItemAnálise dos efeitos da ativação cerebral por eletroencefalografia em pacientes pós-AVC durante imagética motora, estimulação elétrica funcional e luva robótica(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-08-15) Souza, Fernanda Vaz de; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1185-2773; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3761585497791105; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0201-9260; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6822429982883146; Rodriguez, Denis Delisle ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8937-031X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7140331839822423; Fiorin, Fernando da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6517-7160; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1783079128689681Objective: to analyze the effects of brain activation by electroencephalography (EEG) in post-stroke patients during stimulation with Motor Imagery (MI), Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) and Robotic Glove (RG). Methodology: EEG recordings of three (03) post-stroke subjects, with hand movement impairment during MI, FES, RG and combination of FES+RG, were analyzed and compared. Results: The analysis of the Mu rhythm demonstrated that therapies with RG, FES and FES+RG were able to significantly reduce the Relative Power (RP) of this rhythm in volunteer 1 (V1), when compared to IM therapy. In volunteer 2 (V2), we observed the same pattern, however, in volunteer 3 (V3) no statistical significance was observed in the application of FES and FES+RG, when compared to IM. Contrary to expectations, RG therapy in V3 demonstrated a pattern of elevation in the relative power of the Mu rhythm. However, when comparing RG with other therapies in this participant, significant and encouraging results were obtained. After analyzing the Beta Low rhythm, it was demonstrated that FES+RG therapy was superior and significant when compared to IM in the three individuals studied. FES-only therapy was also found to be significant in V2 and V3 compared to IM. During the Beta High frequency analysis, it was observed that FES+RG therapy was superior and significant when compared to IM in V1 and V3. V2 did not demonstrate statistically significant results. Conclusions: Relevant results were obtained using associated FES+RG stimulations. Therefore, it is concluded that the association of these therapies can assist in the post-stroke neuro-motor rehabilitation process, enabling the development of new neuro-rehabilitation protocols that are accessible and safe
- ItemNicotiana benthamiana como organismo modelo para estudos com o complexo viral causador da meleira do mamoeiro(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-03-25) Cunha, Esdras Mendes da; Fernandes, Patrícia Machado Bueno; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Fernandes, Antônio Alberto Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8261-9717; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Xavier, André da Silva; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Araújo, Marlonni Maurastoni de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/The papaya tree (Carica Papaya L.) is a plant native to the Americas and due to the economic value of papaya, the plant is produced in tropical areas around the world. One of the viruses that plague producers is papaya stick disease, which is caused by a viral complex, Papaya meleira virus and Papaya meleira virus 2. This work aims to establish the Nicotiana benthamiana plant as a model organism for future studies with the PMeV and PMeV2 viruses, the viral complex that causes papaya honey. N. benthamiana is the most used experimental host in plant virology, mainly due to the large number of diverse plant viruses that can infect it. Since, working with C. papaya presents significant challenges due to its biological complexity, especially related to its pre- and post-flowering time, with a flowering period that can take four to seven months. N. benthamiana in fact accumulates viral loads for sixty days, as occurs with longer-established viruses. During the entire period of sixty days after inoculation, infection levels are considerable to establish N. benthamiana as a host. The inoculum is passed between different individuals, maintaining the infectious capacity of the complex without the need to pass through a vector. The presence of viruses was not observed in plants derived from seeds of infected plants. The results obtained in this work indicate that N. benthamiana is a model organism for future studies of gene silencing in order to establish ways to control papaya honey.