Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas
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- ItemImpacto do serviço de dispensação de medicamentos sobre desfechos de saúde de pessoas vivendo com HIV(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-02-19) Galina, Vitor Santos de Sá; Rocha, Kérilin Stancine Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2313-2140; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4216594263272412; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7031-8333; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6234477023577791; Silva, Rafaella de Oliveira Santos; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4008596465243842; Santana, Rafael Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-210X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6970798378260844Introduction: Inadequate patient knowledge about their medications and non adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) can negatively impact the health outcomes of people living with HIV (PLHIV). Although the literature highlights the positive impact of clinical services provided by pharmacists in improving knowledge and adherence to ART, little is known about the influence of the dispensing service on these outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the impact of the antiretroviral dispensing service on the knowledge and adherence of PLHIV to ART. Method: A before-and-after study was conducted from August 2023 to June 2024 at the Medication Dispensing Unit at a teaching hospital with PLHIV who met the eligibility criteria. The intervention consisted of providing drug dispensing according to protocol. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected, and knowledge and medication adherence were assessed using validated instruments at two points: t0 (before the intervention) and t1 (four to eight weeks after the intervention). Data was processed using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (CAAE: 77675624.3.0000.5060). Results: A total of 148 PLHIV participated in the study, the majority of whom were male (n=96; 64,86%), with a mean age of 49±12.08 years. After the intervention, a significant improvement in knowledge scores was observed (before 1.17 ± 0.31, and after 1.79 ± 0.16, p<0.001 d=-2.13), as much as in adherence to ART (before 78.51 ± 4.50, and after 83.84 ± 3.91, p<0.001, d=-1.32). After dispensing, the rate of patients with absent or insufficient knowledge decreased by almost 60%, and the rate of patients with insufficient adherence decreased by almost 16%. Conclusion: This study showed that drug dispensing significantly improved the knowledge and adherence of PLHIV to ART. These results may be useful in guiding policies and guidelines for research and practice related to ART dispensing
- ItemInvestigação etnofarmacológica e avaliação do perfil químico e das atividades antioxidante e trombolítica de espécies vegetais comercializadas na Grande Vitória - ES(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-04-01) Dias, Rennan Batista; Jamal, Claudia Masrouah; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7453-2726; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5791685275101036; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1862-5340; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5703011412383372; Silveira, Damaris; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1851-5224; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2741617746925944; Kitagawa, Rodrigo Rezende; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2208-6699; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4424075292014459The use of medicinal plants is a long-standing practice across diverse cultures. Ethnopharmacology plays a pivotal role in scientific validating traditional knowledge, ensuring both efficacy and safety of these practices. Given the significance of medicinal plants, monitoring their commercialization is essential. Therefore, this study aimed to catalog the most commercially available medicinal plants in the Grande Vitória region (Espírito Santo, Brazil), select five species for a detailed literature review on their pharmacological activities and associated risks, chemically characterize their ethanolic extracts, and assess their antioxidant and thrombolytic activities. Data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to vendors of medicinal plants. The literature review focused on clinical evidence and potential risks associated with use these plants. The chemical profile of the extracts was determined by ESI(±)FT ICR MS. Antioxidant activity was assessed by measuring the scavenging capacity against the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•), while thrombolytic activity was tested in vitro based on clot-lysing capability. The study identified 34 commercialized plants, highlighting chamomile, horsetail, hibiscus, espinheira-santa, and green tea as the most prominent, and infusion (tea) being the predominant preparation method. Of the five selected plants, Matricaria chamomilla and Lippia alba showed a high level of clinical evidence supporting their traditional use as sedatives, with low associated risk. Pimpinella anisum exhibited clinical suport for dyspepsia, though evidence for its sedative properties was less substantial. Conversely, Erythrina mulungu and Monteverdia ilicifolia lacked studies to confirm their traditional efficacy. MS analysis identified primarily phenolic acids and flavonoids in the samples, including gallic acid, caffeic acid, apigenin, luteolin, and catechin. All plants showed antioxidant capacity, with lemon balm and espinheira-santa presenting the strongest effects (IC50 of 82.10 ± 5.05 and 82.49 ± 5.44 µg/mL, respectively). Of the tested extracts, only the lemon balm extract exhibited moderate clot-lysing capacity. This work enhances the understanding of the medicinal properties, chemical, and biological properties of plants commercialized in the Grande Vitória region and and underscores the importance of monitoring these species to ensure their safe and effective use
- ItemA dispensação de medicamentos influencia o conhecimento e a adesão do paciente sobre sua farmacoterapia? Uma revisão sistemática e metanálise(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-08-28) Santana, Elizabete Priscila Costa; Santos Júnior, Genival Araújo dos; Rocha, Kérilin Stancine Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2313-2140; Santos, Sabrina Cerqueira; Santana, Rafael SantosBackground: Patient's inadequate medication knowledge and non-medication adherence are considered an issue in healthcare, as they can lead to negative outcomes, such as therapeutic failures and hospitalization. Even though drug dispensing is a service traditionally performed by pharmacists, there is still no evidence about the influence of this service in these health outcomes. Objective. To evaluate the influence of drug dispensing on the patient's medication knowledge and medication adherence. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in which search was performed in PubMed/Medline, Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde, Web of Science, Embase, Open Thesis and Google Scholar databases. Two reviewers read the titles, abstracts and complete texts according to the eligibility criteria and extracted the data from the included articles. The methodological quality was assessed through the tools provided by JBI Institute. The data was analyzed through qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis was conducted for randomized controlled trials that used the outcome of medication adherence using RStudio software version 4.3.3. Results: A total of 7.590 studies were identified on the initial search, from which 11 articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in this systematic review. The studies were published in Africa, Latin America, Asia, Europe and Australia. Most of the studies were interventional (n=7). Five of the studies evaluated the influence of drug dispensing on the patient’s medication knowledge, from which four showed that knowledge increased after dispensing. Eight studies evaluated the influence of dispensing on medication adherence and the meta-analysis showed that patients who received the dispensing were 1.19 times more likely to adhere to medications compared to those who did not receive the service. Six studies met more than 70% of the quality assessment criteria. Conclusion: This systematic review showed that dispensing increases patient’s medication knowledge and patients are more likely to adhere to their medications when they receive this service.
- ItemDeterminação do perfil químico e atividade biológica do extrato etanólico de curcuma longa linn e avaliação do uso em uma formulação para o tratamento de dermatites(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-08-08) Pinheiro, Marcos André de Paula; Pinheiro, Mariana Santos; Jamal, Claudia Masrouah; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7453-2726; Oliveira, Marcelo Antônio de; Fronza, MarcioCurcuma longa Linn is a plant species that various civilizations and people over the years have used as a healing agent against the most diverse illnesses. Curcumin and other curcuminoids found in the studied species are antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds that are promising for use in pharmaceutical forms and can be used to treat dermatitis. The work aimed to propose a formulation containing ethanolic extract of C. longa that can be used in the treatment of dermatitis. The chemical characterization of the extract was carried out using classical phytochemical tests, spectrophotometric analysis and instrumental analysis such as high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. To evaluate the biological activity, the in vitro antioxidant action against the DPPH radical was determined. A hydroalcoholic gel was proposed with the introduction of the alcoholic C. longa extract and its stability under different packaging conditions was determined, as well as its permeation in an ex vivo model using porcine tissue to mimic skin permeation. From the LC/(-)ESI-Q-TOF MS analysis, it was possible to identify curcumin and other curcuminoid markers, alongside phenolic compounds and terpenes. Using spectrophotometric techniques, it was possible to determine the total phenolic compound content of 988.36 ± 3.75 mg EAG/g of extract, and the flavonoid content of 43.62 ± 1.12 mg ER/g of extract. Through HPLC analysis, the curcumin content was determined to be 437.73 ± 1.11 mg/g of extract. The extract showed DPPH radical reduction activity and an IC50 = 24.49 ± 1.69 µg/mL. And through stability studies, it can be proven that when stored under refrigeration and protected from light, a gel with C. longa extract has its degradation delayed, when compared to other storage conditions. The permeation test showed that the gel with C. longa extract obtained greater curcumin permeation than a standard solubilized in a permeation promoter. The chemical diversity of the ethanolic extract of C. longa was explored, as well as the quantification of the main marker, curcumin, resulting in the production of a formulation with antioxidant activity, which obtained promising permeation results.
- ItemAvaliação in vitro e in silico do potencial anti-paracoccidioides brasiliensis de chalconas sintéticas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-02-29) Pereira, Giuliano da Conceição; Gonçalves, Rita de Cássia Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9352-2454; Federico, Leonardo Bruno; Coitinho, Juliana BarbosaThe search for new therapeutic compounds is crucial to enhance the patient's clinical condition and provide treatments with minimal adverse effects. Chalcones, substances obtained from natural or synthetic sources and classified as flavonoids, share a common central structure and have garnered increasing interest due to their broad biological activity, including antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal properties. The fungus species Paracoccidioides brasiliensis causes paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), a systemic fungal infection with the potential to cause severe sequelae and even lead to death. Current therapeutic strategies for systemic fungal infections are time-consuming, costly, and associated with side effects. A database containing 21 chalcones was created and tested in silico for pharmacokinetic attributes, revealing high lipophilicity, gastrointestinal absorption, and permeabilization of the blood-brain barrier. The chalcones showed low Tanimoto similarity with drugs used for PCM. Prediction of chalcones' activities regarding relevant molecular targets in fungal metabolism, along with molecular docking, highlighted significant interactions, especially with fumarate reductase. In silico results were analyzed, and five compounds were selected for in vitro testing. The selected compounds exhibited moderate antifungal activity with MIC values ranging from 32 to >128 µg/mL, all surpassing the standard amphotericin B. In cytotoxicity assays, the five compounds exhibited reduced IC50 values, indicating high cytotoxicity with different values before and after metabolization. Despite promising characteristics, the study suggests that using chalcones as drugs against PCM requires additional studies with the aim to optimize the structure-activity relationship.