Gestão e Regulação de Recursos Hídricos em Rede Nacional - Mestrado Profissional

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http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17623

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gestão Regulação Recursos Hídricos

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Estruturação do plano colaborativo de comunicação e informação a partir da percepção ambiental dos integrantes do comitê de bacia hidrográfica e atores estratégicos
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-12-20) Fraga, Ranielle Almeida; Buarque, Diogo Costa ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2698-520X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8616432679482558; Tedesco, Angélica Nogueira de Souza ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5141-1104; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9039804385931776; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0257-7201; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3071055328070043; Rabelo, Desirée Cipriano ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9399-8313; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2092473450223674; Mello, Luís Gustavo Miranda ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3810233758384966; Lacerda, Fátima Kzam Damaceno de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3990-7665; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4276464190181885
The water resources plan is based on the triad of participation, integration and decentralization. The basis of this plan is the diagnosis and the prognosis of scenarios elaborated by means of the compilation and systematization of data and information on the hydrographic basin. The objective of this work is to structure a collaborative communication and information to subsidize a water resources plan, based on the survey of Environmental Perception (PA) of the Hydrographic Basin Committee (CBH) and key actors. Through a case study, a collective communication plan was constructed, aiming to gather actions and efforts to add value and consolidate the information seeking a clear, concise and validated language that qualifies the institution and the public for the planning process of the bowl. Using the qualitative quantitative approach, basin data and the characterization of CBH members were produced. Based on this knowledge construction, a database and information was obtained from the territory and from these social actors. Through a participatory workshop, we identified the communication processes regarding: communication tools, frequency, language, content and message / content communicators, accessibility, transparency, integration and interactivity. The constructed database was analyzed by means of triangulation of methods, and using the SWOT matrix to subsidize the structuring of the plan. The results of these two procedures were organized, systematized and presented again to the social actors (CBH and key actors) for other contributions and validation. It is observed that the collective structuring of the communication and information plan provides a viable strategy to communicate the local knowledge captured by environmental perception. It also identifies the flow of information and knowledge about the basin, consolidates the communication processes of the CBH, favors and broadens the dialogue among the members of the committee, and consequently strengthens these actors in the actions of planning and management of the river basin
PLANEJAMENTO DOS RECURSOS HÍDRICOS: ANÁLISE DA QUALIDADE DEMOCRÁTICA COM FOCO NA DIVERSIDADE DOS PARTICIPANTES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-01-21) Barbosa, Adriane Oliveira Santos; Rabelo, Desiree Cipriano; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2092473450223674; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Goncalves, Monica Amorim; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5619914059734915; Lacerda, Fatima Kzam Damaceno de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
This study begins from one of the great challenges of the National System of Water Resources Management (Sistema Nacional de Gerenciamento de Recursos Hídricos - SINGREH), to promote social participation, especially of the civil society and of the users of the SINGREH, in the elaboration of basin plans. The general objective of this work was to analyze the democratic quality of the water resources planning processes in relation to the participating actors and segments. The object of analysis was the elaboration process of the Framing of Water Bodies and the Water Resources Plan in the water basins of the “Jucu” and “Santa Maria da Vitória” rivers in Espírito Santo state, Brazil. The analysis of the democratic quality of this participatory process focused on the criterion "diversity of participants". In addition to the authors who approach participatory democracy in Brazil in the perspective of power sharing, this study was also based on the foundations of Law 9.433/1997, which instituted the Water Resources National Policy; the resolutions of the Water Resources National Council, which deals with Framing of Water Bodies and Water Resources Plan; the recommendations of international organizations; and the elements of the democratic quality of participatory processes. This is a qualitative research developed through bibliographical studies and analysis of documents related to the process in perspective, and also through interviews with strategic actors that followed the process. The research concluded that the participatory mapping of basin strategic actors and the social mobilization plan did not guarantee the expected attendances, not even the members of the committees attended the various events. As a result, emptying of public meetings, as well as low representation, especially of users and communities, were observed. In general, there was the dispersion of the participants and the lack of interest of the population. The absences and the lack of representativeness of the strategic actors of the basin call into question the very essence of a water resources plan: the construction of a collective pact on water management. The need to intensify processes of social mobilization and of social and technical learning for managers, technicians, basin committees, and for society itself is thus verified, so that everyone feels properly responsible for the water resources management. We hope to contribute to the improvement of the democratic quality of the participatory processes of water resources planning through this work.
Planejamento dos recursos hídricos: análise da qualidade democrática com foco nos níveis de participação
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-01-21) Bissoli, Ana Paula Alves; Rabelo, Desiree Cipriano; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9399-8313; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2092473450223674; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7672-7220; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1239766276661709; Goncalves, Monica Amorim; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7453-7123; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5619914059734915; Lacerda, Fatima Kzam Damaceno de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3990-7665; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4276464190181885
Law 9,433 / 1997, which established the National Policy for Water Resources (PNRH, in Portuguese), predicted several collegiate decision-making bodies and also the management instruments to be developed, incorporating debates with different society segments. We recognize here a double challenge: to better understand the limits, possibilities and effectiveness of participatory institutions in Brazil – regarding water resources councils and river basin committees (CBHs); and to promote and qualify the participation of civil society and water users in particular. All these issues are highlighted in the elaboration and approval for the classification of water bodies and Water Resources Plans (PRH, in Portuguese). Considering that the democratic quality of the participatory processes is the result of different factors, in this article, we specifically dealt with the participatory methods in the planning instruments provided by PNRH. Regarding the various meanings attributed to "participatory", for this analysis, we assumed the approach of participation levels or degrees: information, consultation, and active involvement. These are increasing levels of empowerment or power-sharing and are not always guaranteed in participatory instances. Our study object consisted in the elaboration process for the inclusion and PRH of the hydrographic basins of Santa Maria da Vitória (SMV) river and Jucu river, both in the state of Espírito Santo. The qualitative research used bibliographical and documentary surveys (especially regarding the materials produced during the planning) and interviews with strategic actors from both basins. Although characterized as "participatory", the process analysis identified problems at the most basic level of participation: information. This compromises the query results carried out and mainly the active involvement. With the analysis of the possibilities, limits, and effectiveness of each level of participation, we expect to contribute to the improvement of the democratic quality of the participatory water resources planning processes conducted within the CBHs
Planejamento dos recursos hídricos: análise da qualidade democrática com foco na comunicação
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-01-22) Fernandes, Simone Alves; Rabelo, Desiree Cipriano; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9399-8313; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2092473450223674; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0270687139138162; Goncalves, Monica Amorim; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7453-7123; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5619914059734915; Lacerda, Fatima Kzam Damaceno de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3990-7665; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4276464190181885
Law No. 9,433 / 1997 established the National Water Resources Policy (PNRH), which, among other changes, defined the river basin as a territorial unit, created the river basin committees and defined the management instruments. Among these instruments, there are the Water Resources Plan (PRH, in Portuguese) and the classification of water bodies. The elaboration of both instruments must rely on the participation of public authorities, users and communities in the construction of a collective agreement on the water use. This involves mobilizing these actors and creating conditions for the information’s production and circulation, debates and decision-making - always from a democratic perspective. In other words, it is necessary to launch a broad communication process, with different strategies, means, and tools to reach different audiences and society in general. This process must allow the various actors to have access not only to information but also to effective dialogues channels that enable conflicts to be faced regarding the different uses of water resources and to seek consensual solutions. The purpose of this article is to investigate the relationship between communication and the democratic quality of water resources planning processes. For this, we have taken as a study object the hydrographic basins of Santa Maria da Vitória (SMV) and Jucu, both rivers of Espírito Santo. Using the qualitative and descriptive methodology, we have analyzed the documents produced in the mentioned planning activities. And we have conducted interviews with relevant stakeholders. Data analysis was carried out considering the authors who have dealt with communication and social mobilization in the perspective of citizenship. We also have considered Brazilian legal guidelines and international institutions for participation in water resources management. The analysis results pointed out to a communication centered on the mass media, without articulation with the levels of group and personal communication to amplify the mobilization. Unidirectional flows prevail, including the use of New Communication Technologies. Despite the proposal to involve the various actors, there are no investments in languages other than those of a technical-scientific nature, as well as the construction of the basin identity using symbolic elements is disregarded. With this research, we hope to contribute to the democratic quality of the processes of elaborating classification and PRHs in the dimension related to communication.
Modelo conceitual para sistematização e avaliação de indicadores de sustentabilidade para sistemas agroflorestais no contexto da gestão de recursos hídricos
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-07-19) Machado Júnior, José de Aquino; Buarque, Diogo Costa ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2698-520X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8616432679482558; Teixeira, Edmilson Costa ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7535-8689; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2223526989758235; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1296-6510; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4675072098126067; Reis, José Antonio Tosta ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9916-1469; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7828468159099998; Sossai, Marcos Franklin ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5566667702204394
In recent years, forest recovery has been one of the main activities in watershed management, since its use can promote environmental improvements in the hydrological cycle as well as socioeconomic enhancements thus helping in sustainable territorial development. In this context, the use of Agroforestry Systems - SAFs is one of the main forest recovery strategies, because they are considered more sustainable than others forest cover and in addition, they are an alternative to the intensive production systems. In spite of the importance of the SAFs in the forest recovery theme, in general, the studies that consider the sustainability assessment do not contemplate many aspects/factors that could influence their application by potential rural producers. Due to the benefits of these systems this work aimed at enlarging knowledge about factors associated with their sustainability, as well as to establish guidelines for the improvement of its application. Therefore, a literature review was carried out as well as an observation of the State Program for Increasing Forest Coverage - Reforestation and the State Policy for Water Resources of Espírito Santo. Then these data were related to the SAFs by the use of a technic based on the methodological framework titled "Sustainability of Agriculture and Natural Resources - SARN ", a conceptual model was developed for the systematization and evaluation of sustainability indicators for SAFs. As a result, 98 indicators were obtained and systematized in levels of descriptors, significant elements, significant categories and evaluation dimensions, the distribution by dimension were: Environmental - 40 indicators (41%); Sociocultural - 28 indicators (29%); Economic -18 indicators (18%) and Political Institutional - 12 indicators (12%). The proposed structure for the systematization of the indicators provides a qualitative and systemic evaluation of the sustainability of the resources and the operations involved in the SAFs that subsidises guidelines for improving the use of SAFs in different situations in the watersheds. Most of the indicators are quick implementation and not onerous as well as they depend on direct visual evaluations and interviews. For the minority of the indicators more calculus and a complex laboratory analyzes will be needed
Influência de sistemas agroflorestais sobre a condição hidrológica de bacias hidrográficas
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-07-22) Araujo, Eliane Meire de Souza; Buarque, Diogo Costa; https://orcid.org/000000032698520X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8616432679482558; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3169-1556; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3845791875087970; Teixeira, Edmilson Costa; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2223526989758235; Paiva, Rodrigo Cauduro Dias de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2918-6681; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9163718529870752; Sossai, Marcos Franklin; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5566667702204394; Caiado, Marco Aurelio Costa; https://orcid.org/0000000226583916; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949976625744034
Agroforestry systems (SAFs) provide a range of hydrological ecosystem services associated with natural forest cover. For these reasons, the adoption of agroforestry systems is encouraged in different countries and is applied, for example, in projects and programs to promote the restoration of landscapes and sustainable development, such as Reflorestar, the reforestation program in Espírito Santo. However, on one hand, there is a lack of studies that investigate and quantify the impacts of agroforestry systems on the components of the hydrological cycle of the river basins and, on the other, the need to disseminate knowledge and perceive the benefits associated with these systems so that the restoration of forest landscapes can be spread throughout the territory. In this context, the present work seeks to evaluate the influence of SAFs on the hydrological condition of hydrographic basins, through indicators obtained from variables of the SWAT model, aiming to increase the knowledge about the adoption of these systems on water availability. The scenarios simulated were: a) increase in forest cover by SAFs; and b) different arrangements of the systems, based on the plant typologies in the study area. As the defined indicators of the hydrological condition were: the fraction of the precipitation that contributes to the river flow (𝑊𝑌𝐿𝐷/𝑃𝑅𝐸𝐶); contribution of groundwater to river flow (𝐺𝑊𝑄/𝑊𝑌𝐿𝐷); contribution of lateral flow to river flow (𝐿𝐴𝑇𝑄/𝑊𝑌𝐿𝐷); contribution of the surface runoff to the river flow (𝑆𝑈𝑅𝑄/𝑊𝑌𝐿𝐷) and the fraction of rainwater percolated to feed shallow and deep aquifers(𝑃𝐸𝑅𝐶/𝑃𝑅𝐸𝐶). The study showed a greater influence of the SAFs on the underground dynamics, with increased recharge of shallow and deep aquifers, as well as increased contribution of the base flow to the river flows, for scenarios of adoption of up to 42% of SAFs. The contribution of surface runoff to flow rates reduced by up to 22% with the increase in the area of adoption of SAFs. The variations were less significant regarding the different arrangements of SAFs, however, the results indicated that scenarios with predominance of medium and high strata caused a greater change for the indicators evaluated. Therefore, the increased SAFs’ coverage had an influence on the hydrological condition, especially on groundwater dynamics and surface runoff. The contribution to the flows was maintained over the timeframe. In addition, the SWAT model proved to be a tool capable of assisting in the evaluation of the effects of adopting SAFs for the provision of ecosystem services, contributing to greater knowledge about the hydrological benefits associated with these systems, with potential subsidies to the policies to increase the forest cover.
A eficácia da legislação federal em relação aos efeitos dos impactos biofísicos provocados por barramentos fluviais
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-11-08) Balarine, Angelina; Barroso, Gilberto Fonseca; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4886-4890; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505958970169325; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0176-4382; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0854169065527402; Goncalves, Monica Amorim; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7453-7123; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5619914059734915; Santana, Stella Emery; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5947-9787; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3914296800902032
Fluvial fragmentation, practiced since the beginning with several purposes such as the generation of electric energy, the water reservoir, and flood control, generates numerous biophysical impacts on the environment, and specifically on the river network and aquatic ecosystems downstream. The advancement of scientific knowledge on the water theme and the management of river networks should foster the improvement of the Brazilian legal framework to guarantee the minimization of such impacts in the country, since such a framework is focused on water availability issues, neglecting the environmental impacts. The present study proposed to confront the biophysical impacts of fluvial fragmentation, described in the literature, with the existing federal legal norms in Brazil, to evaluate the effectiveness of the Brazilian legal regulation in face of such impacts. As a result, no legislation was devoted to fragmentation or river barrage in Brazil, with predictions of impacts found only in council resolutions. Therefore, the present work pointed out the need to create a specific federal law aimed at dealing with the biophysical impacts of river fragmentation in Brazil
Conflitos pelo uso dos recursos hídricos na bacia hidrográfica do rio Laje (Baixo Guandu, ES)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-12-19) Schwambach, Cleres de Martins; Barroso, Gilberto Fonseca; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-0718; Buarque, Diogo Costa; Vicente, Aline Trigueiro; Buarque, Diogo Costa; Gonçalves, Monica Amorim
abstract
MODELO CONCEITUAL PARA A ELABORAÇÃO DE ACORDOS DE COOPERAÇÃO COMUNITÁRIA (ACCs) NO ÂMBITO DA GESTÃO DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS DO ESTADO DO ESPÍRITO SANTO
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-08-28) Zandonade, Sabrina Silva; Teixeira, Edmilson Costa; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2223526989758235; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Medeiros, Yvonilde Dantas Pinto; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Vaneli, Bruno Peterle; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Community Cooperation Agreements (ACCs) are management instruments created by the State Water Resources Agency (AGERH) of Espírito Santo (ES), to be used in water scarcity scenarios, aiming to support negotiations on shared uses of water, in a way to prev
MODELAGEM HIDRÁULICA COM BASE EM DOIS MODELOS HIDROLÓGICOS COMO SUBSÍDIO À PREDIÇÃO DE EVENTOS DE CHEIAS NA BACIA DO RIO JUCU BRAÇO SUL/ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-08-28) Barbosa, Pedro Ivo Guedes; Caiado, Marco Aurelio Costa; https://orcid.org/0000000226583916; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949976625744034; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Buarque, Diogo Costa; https://orcid.org/000000032698520X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8616432679482558
The phenomenon of Brazilian urbanization was carried out in a disorganized manner, without urban planning in its great majority and with permissiveness and passivity of the public power regarding the ordering of the territory. As a result, several cities
MODELO DE SUSTENTABILIDADE APLICADO À ANÁLISE DE DESEMPENHO DO PROGRAMA PRODUTOR DE ÁGUA DA AGÊNCIA NACIONAL DE ÁGUAS E SANEAMENTO BÁSICO (ANA)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-09-08) Silva, Sandriane Kuster Nardi da; Teixeira, Edmilson Costa; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2223526989758235; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Sossai, Marcos Franklin; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5566667702204394; Buarque, Diogo Costa; https://orcid.org/000000032698520X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8616432679482558; Vaneli, Bruno Peterle; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Preto, Luis Augusto
Environmental Service Programs (SAs) have been implemented worldwide, in different areas: conservation of biodiversity, carbon sequestration and storage, scenic beauty and water quality and quantity. Brazil presents recent approaches on incentives to Wate
CISTERNAS DE APROVEITAMENTO DE ÁGUAS PLUVIAIS: RELAÇÃO ENTRE A CONSERVAÇÃO DOS SISTEMAS E O ENVOLVIMENTO E CAPACITAÇÃO DAS FAMÍLIAS
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-12-22) Herkenhoff, Patricia Benezath; Rabelo, Desiree Cipriano; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2092473450223674; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Buarque, Diogo Costa; https://orcid.org/000000032698520X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8616432679482558; Oliveira, Jefferson Nascimento de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
This work aims to analyze the relation of engagement and training of families to the conservation of their rainwater utilization system, considering two models of cistern construction: concrete plate and polyethylene. In recent y
Mapeamento como estratégia de comunicação na gestão participativa de recursos hidrícos
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-10-07) Santos, Analaura Vieira; Girardi, Gisele; https://orcid.org/0000000217496773; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6401645083624025; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2710-0998; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0877393386215293; Teixeira, Edmilson Costa; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7535-8689; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2223526989758235; Mello, Luis Gustavo Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3810233758384966
In Brazil, the management of water resources is regulated by Law No. 9,433, of January 8, 1997, based on decentralized, integrated and participatory management. Among the institutional bodies belonging to the Water Resources Management System, the basin committees are collegiate bodies of a participatory nature, composed of users, organized civil society and public authorities (Federal, State and Municipal). The involvement and mobilization of society are challenges in the decision-making process of the committees. Given these premises, this work emphasizes the use of mapping as a participatory methodology to expand interaction and communication, taking the Guandu River Hydrographic Basin Committee as a parameter for analysis and proposals. We use qualitative and descriptive methodology, a bibliographical and documentary research being carried out. We analyzed the means of communication used in the preparation of the water resources plan and the proposal for the framing of water bodies, we identified that these means serve to obtain information from the community, but they become a one-way street, not allowing interaction and power of decision. By analyzing the potential and limits of participatory mapping, we hope to contribute to the elaboration of the diagnosis and the prognosis of the framework, aiming at an effective participation of the committee's representatives and those they represent. but they become a one-way street, not allowing interaction and decision-making power. By analyzing the potential and limits of participatory mapping, we hope to contribute to the elaboration of the diagnosis and the prognosis of the framework, aiming at an effective participation of the committee's representatives and those they represent. but they become a one-way street, not allowing interaction and decision-making power. With the analysis of the potential and limits of participatory mapping, we hope to contribute to the elaboration of the diagnosis and the prognosis of the framework, aiming at an effective participation of the committee's representatives and those they represent.
RELAÇÃO DOS COMITÊS DE BACIA COM A COMUNIDADE: EXPLORANDO CAMINHOS PARA ALÉM DAS REUNIÕES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-03-23) Faria, Thais Teodoro de; Rabelo, Desiree Cipriano; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2092473450223674; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Girardi, Gisele; https://orcid.org/0000000217496773; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6401645083624025; Lacerda, Fatima Kzam Damaceno de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Meira, Ana Claudia Hebling; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7971806472494167
abstract
Potencial de aplicação do modelo de sustentabilidade para sistemas agroflorestais proposto por Machado Junior (2019)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-04-26) Vargas, Jancy Rômulo Aschauer; Teixeira, Edmilson Costa; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7535-8689; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2223526989758235; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5544-4256; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5656218371100122; Sossai, Marcos Franklin; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5566667702204394; Tedesco, Anazelia Magda; Vaneli, Bruno Peterle; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9351-9271; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0648260456549674; Junior, Jose de Aquino Machado
Inadequate soil and water management has led to a historic suppression of native forest cover. The process of restoring forests contributes to improving the regulation of water resources and, consequently, sustainability. Agroforestry Systems (SAFs) are one of the main strategies suggested in the literature for environmental recovery, since the characteristics related to their implementation lead to meeting relevant aspects in several dimensions of sustainability (environmental, economic, sociocultural, politicalinstitutional, etc.). In this context, there is a lack of experimentation in SAFs around the design of sustainability assessment models. Therefore, a theoretical model of sustainability proposed by Machado Júnior (2019) was selected, which systematized a list of sustainability indicators for SAFs. This model stands out for contemplating the analysis of significant operating elements and endogenous and exogenous base resources of the system. The model brought a significant methodological-conceptual contribution, however demanding experimental applications that allow the evaluation of its application potential in a broader way. In this sense, in general, the present work sought to examine the potential for application of the model through experimentation with some pilot SAFs. The model was applied in three SAFs located in the state of Espírito Santo – chosen after applying selection criteria. For the experimental application itself, a field protocol was developed and a preliminary experimental application was carried out in a fourth SAF, in order to allow adjustment in the protocol developed herein. From the experimentation of the model proposed by Machado Junior (2019) in the selected SAFs: it was found that the model was sensitive to the variability of environmental, economic, sociocultural and political-institutional factors characteristic of each SAF. And it was possible to highlight the model´s dimensions with greater or lesser tendency towards sustainability. With the experimentation, it was also possible to propose guidelines for the improvement and operationalization of the model. It was concluded that the model has the potential to support the monitoring of SAFs already implemented regarding to its sustainability, and can help in proposing recommendations for the implementation and monitoring of actions, projects and programs of SAFs in support of water resources management.
Deliberação colegiada de conflito: o método alternativo de solução de controvérsias entre usuários no sistema nacional de gerenciamento de recursos hídricos e o ODS 16
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-09-27) Silva, Victor Athayde; Santana, Stella Emery; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3914296800902032; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9635-6671; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7175182515324962; Pedrosa, Valmir de Albuquerque; Barroso, Gilberto Fonseca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505958970169325; Villar, Pilar Carolina
This research focus on Brazil’s Law 9433/1997 that created the National Water Resources Policy, institutionally executed by the National Water Resources Management System (SINGREH in Portuguese), and established a public, but nonstate-operated, water management system in the country (through the creation of collegiate bodies with multiple stakeholders’ participation). It’s important to understand that water is a fundamental human right and, therefore some it’s important to have multiple levels of participation in the management of this scarce and economically valuable resource. As a limited natural resource, but with several different uses, it has a high potential for conflicts, and, according to the National Water Resources Policy, the collegiate bodies (mentioned bellow) should solve all the conflicts that arise from users within the hydrographic basin. However, it’s important to understand if this body would have adequate institutional dimension of state capacity to solve conflicts by using alternative dispute resolution systems and avoid taking cases to the overloadedcourts of Brazil, and undermines the credibility of the judiciary and the democratic rule of law itself. This research aims to analyze a significant national repercussion conflict and the mechanisms that took place in forms of participatory democracy by several institutions that are part of the SINGREH, but not through the judiciary. It is also important to understand nowadays, from a perspective of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, especially SDG16, especially in terms of strengthening institutions by resolving conflicts. Finally, it shows which SINGREH collegiate body would be competent to regulate conflict resolution within the scope of the PNRH.
Avaliação Do Efeito Da Cobrança Pelo Uso Dos Recursos Hídricos Sobre A Eficiência Dos Serviços De Abastecimento De Água E Esgotamento Sanitário Em Municípios Brasileiros No Ano De 2020
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-01-31) Paula, André Antônio Horta de; Felipe, Ednilson Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4147-2069; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4003290201240274; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5740-1222; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6358194766135185; Medeiros, Paulo da Costa; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3506-2266; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8125437451562230; Alves, Conceição de Maria Albuquerque; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6553-1561; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5316490312203948
Law No. 14.026/2020 updated the basic sanitation legal framework of Brazil by introducing goals for the universalization of water and sewage services until 2033, in addition to providing for greater integration with the National Policy on Water Resources established by Law No. 9.433/1997. Given this context and considering the potentially positive influence that charging for the use of water resources may have on the efficiency of water and sewage services, this work used Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to assess the efficiency of water and sewage operators in municipalities of states where there is already charging for the use of water. For such task, DEA was ran using data from SNIS (Brazilian National Water and Sanitation Data System) regarding input deemed as critical for water and sewage services and output correlated with the expansion of such services. The efficiency score obtained for each municipality was then used as the dependent variable in a Tobit Model Regression, which used, as independent variables, data regarding charging for the use of water and associated water management tools in the hydrographic basins where those municipalities are located, as well as control variables regarding geographical and socio-economic conditions of such municipalities. After checking that the regression met the assumptions of normality and homoscedasticity of the error terms (by running the Shapiro-Wilk test and the Breusch-Pagan test, respectively) and that there was no seemingly relevant multicollinearity between the independent variables (as suggested by the Variation Inflation Factor – VIF estimated for each), this study proceeded to assess the impact of charging for the use of water on the efficiency of water and sewage services. To this purpose, besides analyzing the parameters generated by the model, this work ran Likelihood-ratio tests and calculated the Pearson Correlation Coefficient between the scores generated by the DEA and the ones estimated by the regression. As results suggest that charging for the use of water does not have significant impact on the efficiency of water and sewage services, this study concludes by presenting guidelines for the improvement of Brazilian water management – and charging for the use of water, in particular – to make water and sewage services more efficient and therefore provide earlier achievement of UN Sustainable Development Goal No. 6 (ESG 6).
Análise de incertezas associado ao emprego do modelo chuva-vazão SCS : estudo de caso da Bacia Hidrográfica do Córrego Águas Claras
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-09-27) Oliveira Filho, Marcos de Jesus; Reis, José Antonio Tosta dos ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9916-1469; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7828468159099998; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9400-0894; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0648843337736150; Mendonça, Antônio Sérgio Ferreira ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4273-0266; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9841888526169409; Freitas, Ismael Lourenço de Jesus ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6767221056470832; Gonçalves, Monica Amorim ; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7453-7123; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5619914059734915
Human activities related to land use and occupation have significantly impacted the hydrological cycle, contributing to climate change and, consequently, increasing the frequency of natural disasters. To evaluate the impacts of these changes on watersheds, it is essential to employ hydrological models capable of simulating surface runoff. However, there is a certain scarcity of data and uncertainties associated with the measurement of hydrological variables and the determination of coefficients and parameters of the models used to estimate peak flow. This study aims to analyze the behavior of peak flows in the Águas Claras watershed, located in the municipality of Águia Branca, Espírito Santo, incorporating uncertainty analysis conducted using the Monte Carlo method into the rainfall-runoff model proposed by the Soil Conservation Service (SCS). The results demonstrate that the approach for estimating intense rainfall can lead to significant differences in simulated flows. In this study, intense rainfall estimated using the Plúvio software resulted in substantially higher peak flows compared to those obtained using an intense rainfall equation calibrated with the Chow-Gumbel method. The evaluation of peak flows, considering the incorporation of uncertainty analysis into the rainfall-runoff model, showed greater variations in simulations where precipitation-related variables, such as duration and precipitation depth, were perturbed. Although the distribution of peak flows differed when changing the probability distribution used in the random generation process of the perturbed variables, the extreme flow values did not vary significantly. Additionally, increasing the number of simulations did not significantly influence the distribution of estimated peak flows. The integration of uncertainty analysis into the SCS rainfall-runoff model revealed that significant variations can occur in peak flow estimates, emphasizing the importance of incorporating uncertainty analysis into hydrological assessments
Análise da influência do El Niño e La Niña na ocorrência de inundações no Estado do Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-12-11) Oliveira, Gabriel Miller de; Reis, José Antônio Tosta dos ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9916-1469; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7828468159099998; Mendonça, Antônio Sérgio Ferreira ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4273-0266; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9841888526169409; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6199-0912; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8556635266882383; Buarque, Diogo Costa ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2698-520X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8616432679482558; Silva, Fernando das Graças Braga da ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3803-2257; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4077250337099004
This study aims to analyze the influence of the El Niño (EN) and La Niña (LN) phenomena on floods in the state of Espírito Santo (ES), using flow rate data, rainfall records, and synoptic system analyses in the region. The evaluation to be conducted is particularly relevant due to the nature of EN and LN phenomena, which result from ocean-atmosphere interactions and exhibit significant predictability. Advanced knowledge of these phenomena can serve as a foundation for developing strategies for both urban planning and disaster prevention. For the flood-related analysis, flow rate data from hydrological stations on the state’s main rivers were considered, along with precipitation information and synoptic analysis through charts and satellite imagery. The findings indicate that La Niña influences increased precipitation in Espírito Santo and in the regions of neighboring states whose rivers contribute water discharge to Espírito Santo’s rivers. The studied cases suggest that La Niña modulates the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ), shifting it northward from its climatological position and intensifying rainfall in Espírito Santo, causing floods. Investments in advanced early warning technologies and meteorological monitoring, such as those provided by CPTEC, the Brazilian Navy, and the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET), can play a crucial role in providing information about the impact of these climatic phenomena, enabling the prediction of extreme rainfall patterns and floods. When integrated into urban planning and land management processes, this information allows for a more effective and coordinated response to flood threats, enabling the implementation of appropriate preventive and adaptive measures
Simulação de qualidade de água com incorporação de análise de incerteza : estudo de caso da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Novo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-3-28) Ganem, Henrique de Oliveira; Reis, José Antônio Tosta dos ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9916-1469; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7828468159099998; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3231-9014; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8835023127902921; Mendonça, Antônio Sérgio Ferreira ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4273-0266; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9841888526169409; Santos, Ana Silvia Pereira; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8562963317873136
Mathematical models of water quality, which are tools capable of simulating the self purification capacity of watercourses, have gained relevance in water resource management, as they can help prevent future impacts and support decision-making processes within watersheds. However, selecting the parameters and coefficients that make up a model introduces uncertainties into the simulations, as obtaining them can be complex, especially when evaluating water quality. In this context, the combination of uncertainty analysis and mathematical modeling of surface water quality can serve as a valuable tool for water resource management. This study aims to assess the water quality of the Novo River watershed, an important water system in the southern region of the state of Espírito Santo, incorporating uncertainty analysis through the Monte Carlo method into the QUAL-UFMG water quality mathematical model. Groups of 50, 100, 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 simulations were conducted for the profiles of the following parameters: dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, inorganic phosphorus, organic phosphorus, organic nitrogen, ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate, and thermotolerant coliforms. The results of the water quality simulations incorporating uncertainty analysis indicated that the Pardo River and its tributary, the Piabinha stream, do not maintain concentrations compatible with the quality standards defined for DO, BOD, and thermotolerant coliforms in Class 2 rivers along their entire lengths, according to Resolution No. 357/2005 of the National Environmental Council. Additionally, it is noteworthy that the number of simulations conducted did not significantly affect the results, although the cumulative frequency curves became closer to each other as the number of simulations increased

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