Planejamento dos recursos hídricos: análise da qualidade democrática com foco nos níveis de participação
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Data
2019-01-21
Autores
Bissoli, Ana Paula Alves
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Law 9,433 / 1997, which established the National Policy for Water Resources (PNRH, in Portuguese), predicted several collegiate decision-making bodies and also the management instruments to be developed, incorporating debates with different society segments. We recognize here a double challenge: to better understand the limits, possibilities and effectiveness of participatory institutions in Brazil – regarding water resources councils and river basin committees (CBHs); and to promote and qualify the participation of civil society and water users in particular. All these issues are highlighted in the elaboration and approval for the classification of water bodies and Water Resources Plans (PRH, in Portuguese). Considering that the democratic quality of the participatory processes is the result of different factors, in this article, we specifically dealt with the participatory methods in the planning instruments provided by PNRH. Regarding the various meanings attributed to "participatory", for this analysis, we assumed the approach of participation levels or degrees: information, consultation, and active involvement. These are increasing levels of empowerment or power-sharing and are not always guaranteed in participatory instances. Our study object consisted in the elaboration process for the inclusion and PRH of the hydrographic basins of Santa Maria da Vitória (SMV) river and Jucu river, both in the state of Espírito Santo. The qualitative research used bibliographical and documentary surveys (especially regarding the materials produced during the planning) and interviews with strategic actors from both basins. Although characterized as "participatory", the process analysis identified problems at the most basic level of participation: information. This compromises the query results carried out and mainly the active involvement. With the analysis of the possibilities, limits, and effectiveness of each level of participation, we expect to contribute to the improvement of the democratic quality of the participatory water resources planning processes conducted within the CBHs
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Níveis de participação , Comitês de bacia , Enquadramento e plano de recursos hídricos , Bacia do rio Santa Maria da Vitória , Qualidade democrática dos processos participativos , Bacia do rio Jucu , Participation levels , River basin committees , Classification and water resources plan , Santa Maria da Vitória basin river , Jucu basin river , Democratic quality of participatory processes