Mestrado em Biologia Vegetal
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Mestrado Acadêmico
Ano de início: 2002
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE (Portaria MEC Nº 609, de 14/03/2019.
Publicação no DOU 18 de março de 2019, seç. 1, p.52 - Parecer CNE/CES no 487/2018, Processo no 23001.000335/2018-51).
Periodicidade de seleção: Anual
Área(s) de concentração: Filosofia
Url do curso: https://biologiavegetal.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGBV/detalhes-do-curso?id=28
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- ItemO papel das giberelinas na fisiologia e modulação do florescimento da pimenteira-do-reino (Piper nigrum L.)(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-04-08) Dias, Marcos Antonio Cezario; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8684-9541; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7851416476268137; Cuzzuol, Geraldo Rogerio Faustini; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2055-492X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6127436626143032; Nascimento, Vitor de Laia; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5276-2638; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9069530912654269Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is a crop of great economic importance, whose productivity is directly linked to its flowering. However, irregular flowering and the impact of environmental factors remain challenges that limit the crop’s productive efficiency. This study investigated the endogenous and exogenous factors influencing the flowering of black pepper by combining bibliometric, systematic, and experimental analyses. The effects of two growth regulators, paclobutrazol (PBZ) and gibberellin (GA₃), on the plant's morphophysiological characteristics were analyzed to understand their role in modulating flowering. The research was structured into three main approaches. First, a bibliometric and systematic review was conducted to identify the key factors determining the flowering of P. nigrum. Subsequently, experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of PBZ and GA₃ on the growth and flowering of the plants. The experiments followed a randomized block design, using different doses of both regulators, and assessed their effects on photochemical efficiency, biomass allocation, and non structural carbohydrate (NSC) metabolism. The results showed that PBZ, at moderate doses (250 and 500 mL L⁻¹), stimulated flowering and reduced vegetative growth by redirecting metabolic (e.g., soluble sugars) and physiological resources toward floral induction. However, excessive doses (750 mL L⁻¹) compromised the plant's photochemical efficiency. The application of GA₃ showed a dose-dependent effect, where intermediate concentrations (10 and 20 mg L⁻¹) stimulated flowering, while higher doses (30 mg L⁻¹) promoted vegetative growth. A greater accumulation of NSCs (soluble sugars) in the leaves was associated with flowering. It is concluded that the application of growth regulators can be a viable strategy to promote black pepper flowering, provided they are used at appropriate concentrations. The study highlights the need for careful management to balance vegetative growth and productivity, contributing to crop improvement and production sustainability.
- ItemEfeitos da invasão por Acacia spp. (fabaceae) sobre a fauna edáfica na floresta de tabuleiros(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-03-12) Fiorini, Jackson Fabris; Matos, Fábio Antônio Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7699-9522; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6246838286590968; Menezes, Luís Fernando Tavares de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1854-2441; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4502113593775550; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6444-4512; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2741579203817837; Souza, Rodrigo Camara de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8925-3260; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6215355313315627; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-7673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8029279967950425Edaphic fauna consists of invertebrates that live permanently in the soil or that spend one or more stages of their life cycle in this environment. The organisms that comprise this fauna respond to land-use changes and perform important functions in terrestrial ecosystems, such as nutrient cycling. Therefore, edaphic fauna plays a role in maintaining the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil and can serve as an indicator of soil quality, providing valuable input for environmental monitoring. This study aimed to assess the impact of the biological invasion of species from the genus Acacia on the edaphic fauna community in the Tableland Forest. The research was conducted in fragments of tableland forest located in municipalities in the northern region of Espírito Santo and the extreme south of Bahia, Brazil. These fragments were classified into three types: primary forest, secondary forest, and secondary forest invaded by Acacia spp. Five fragments of each type were evaluated, totaling 15 fragments. Within each fragment, five 10 x 20 m plots were established. In each plot, samples of soil and leaf litter were collected for the extraction of edaphic fauna using Berlese-Tullgren extractors, and for the analysis of soil and litter chemical attributes. To evaluate the composition of edaphic fauna taxonomic groups, a non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis was performed. Taxonomic diversity was tested using species richness estimates and the Shannon diversity index. To assess the abundance of functional groups, an analysis of variance was conducted, with data presented as boxplots. Soil and litter chemical attributes were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). After sorting the material, the total edaphic fauna amounted to 17,413 individuals, with 54% found in the primary forest, 25% in the secondary forest, and 21% in the Acacia-invaded forest. Of all the organisms, 71% were associated with leaf litter and 29% with the soil. The results indicated a decrease in the total abundance of the community, the abundance of functional groups of predators and saprophagous/predators in both soil and litter, and a reduction in taxonomic group richness in the litter in forests invaded by exotic Acacia species, compared to non-invaded forest areas (primary and secondary forests). The reduced capacity to support edaphic fauna dynamics in the secondary forest invaded by Acacia was influenced by lower soil fertility and lower nutrient concentrations in the litter compared to non-invaded forest areas. This study demonstrates that the presence of Acacia species reduces the abundance of edaphic fauna and alters the dynamics of the food web, as the functional group of predators showed differences between the evaluated forest types and between soil and litter compartments.
- ItemEfeito do fungicida estrobilurina no crescimento inicial no feijoeiro(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-02-28) Rocha, Ana Caroline Pariz; Silva, Marcelo Barreto da; Falqueto, Antelmo Ralph; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-1873; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2005727951505420; Milanez, Camilla Rozindo Dias; Pacheco, Mauro VasconcelosAgricultural pesticides, especially strobilurin fungicides, are essential for increasing agricultural productivity but can also negatively affect metabolism and morphophysiological parameters, resulting in the cessation of growth of plants of agronomic interest. Thus, the objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of a strobilurin fungicide containing the active ingredient pyraclostrobin (PCL) on the morphophysiological components of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and to investigate whether the residual effect remains after planting the seedlings. Bean seeds were pre-soaked for 5 minutes in distilled water followed by soaking in different concentrations of PCL (0, 112, 450, and 1800 mg/L) for 10 and 30 minutes, and placed in germiest paper rolls and germinated for 8 days in a growth chamber at 25 °C. The percentage of germination, growth, biomass, anatomical, and physiological were evaluated. Thereafter, seedlings subjected to treatments with 0, 450, and 1800 mg/L of PCL were transferred to tubes and grown in a greenhouse for 15 days after previous exposure to the strobilurin fungicide to assess whether the residual effect remained. The research proved that PCL interference was proportional to the concentration and soaking time of the seeds. Interference was observed in the percentage of germinated seeds in the first count, normal and abnormal seedlings, and dead seeds, for both imbibition times. There was a decrease in seedling growth, as well as in the diameter of the xylem of the leaves, stem, and root, resulting in a lower accumulation of biomass. Furthermore, as the concentrations of the PCL solutions increased, at both times, a reduction in the clr content was observed in a clr., total clr and car., resulting in the reduced photosynthetic performance of FSII, with lower values of PIABS, PITOTAL e φP0. However, the seeds soaked in 0 and 112 mg/L of PCL showed a larger diameter of the xylem vessels, which allowed an increase in seedling growth. In addition, these concentrations contributed to a greater effective photochemical activity of FSII. The negative effect of PCL was maintained for chlorophyll a transient fluorescence, plant growth, and photosynthetic pigment content. PCL interfered with the oxygen evolution complex (K-band) and the energetic connectivity between the FSII subunits (Lband), decreasing the values of ΦFSII, ETR and FV/FM. Additionally, the fraction of NQB reducing centers showed a time and concentration-dependent increase. The research confirmed that the responses induced by PCL vary according to the concentration and imbibition time. It was analyzed that lower doses of PCL contribute to the germination, growth, anatomy, and physiology of bean seedlings. Finally, the residual effect of PCL on the morphophysiological components of the plant was maintained
- ItemEfeitos da invasão por Acacia spp. na resiliência edáfica, diversidade de árvores e estoques de carbono das florestas de tabuleiros(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-09-30) Poloni, Carlos Eduardo Mulinario; Matos, Fábio Antônio Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7699-9522; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6246838286590968; Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1854-2441; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4502113593775550; https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9461-5808; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9272733484197802; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-7673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8029279967950425; José, Dora Maria Villela ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3507-0186; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4385307852514638Climate change mitigation is directly linked to the restoration of natural ecosystems, particularly tropical forests. Secondary-growth forests play a vital role in human-altered tropical landscapes, providing essential ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling and biodiversity maintenance. However, these forests are constantly threatened, especially by invasive exotic species, making it crucial to understand the impacts of such invasions for effective restoration planning. This study examines aboveground carbon stocks, tree diversity recovery, and soil resilience in forests invaded by two Acacia species compared to non-invaded forests. The research was conducted across 20 forest fragments in the northern Espírito Santo and southern Bahia regions. In each fragment, five 10 x 20 m plots were established, and within each plot, five soil subsamples were collected for pH, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Al³⁺, and P analysis. Soil variables were synthesized using Principal Component Analysis to determine soil fertility. Taxonomic diversity was assessed using Hill numbers, and carbon stocks were estimated under the assumption that 50% of aboveground biomass is carbon, calculated through allometric equations. The impact of habitat type on soil fertility recovery was tested using the second-order Akaike information criterion (AICc), with models selected if ΔAICc ≤ 5. Generalized linear models were applied to evaluate the influence of habitat type and soil fertility, with regeneration age as a covariate. Non-invaded forests showed a positive relationship between carbon stocks, species richness, diversity, and regeneration time. In contrast, invaded forests exhibited similar carbon stocks but failed to deliver equivalent benefits, leading to a loss of essential ecosystem services. A careful selection of species for restoration programs is crucial to avoid invasives like Acacia, which can undermine ecosystem resilience and reduce benefits for biodiversity and ecosystem services
- ItemDesinfestação, estabelecimento e calogênese in vitro de Paubrasilia echinata Lam E. Gagnon, H. C. Lima & G. P. Lewis(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-08-09) Mariano, Gustavo Fernandes; Werner, Elias Terra; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7781-4342; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3268068963656927; https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1173-1492; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8191360666964861; Fontes, Milene Miranda Praça ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7738-9518; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1372644511398549; Karsburg, Isane Vera ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-0449; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4736928411585458The species Paubrasilia echinata, known worldwide as pau-brasil and considered the national tree of Brazil, is a tree species belonging to the Fabaceae family and native to the Atlantic Forest. P. echinata is endangered due to intense exploitation, driven by the high demand for its wood during the colonial period in Brazil, making it necessary to develop strategies for its conservation, propagation, and reforestation, especially considering its representative role in the Atlantic Forest biome. In this context, in vitro propagation or micropropagation emerges as an excellent alternative for the species' preservation. However, native species face challenges in establishing in vitro due to the difficulty of disinfecting biological material (explants) to eliminate microorganisms originating from the field. These microorganisms, usually bacterial or fungal in nature, can proliferate excessively in the in vitro environment and lead to the death of the explant. Tests with different explants, different exposure times, and different concentrations of conventional disinfecting agents (alcohol and sodium hypochlorite), as well as new methodologies such as the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), have been developed to improve the disinfection technique of explants and favor the in vitro establishment of tree species like pau-brasil. Therefore, the present study aimed to test the disinfecting agents sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) from the Qboa® brand, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and their combination, at different exposure times (5- 30 min) and concentrations (60 and 100%) using fruits, seeds, and axillary buds as explants for the disinfection and callogenesis induction stages with P. echinata from leaflets of in vitro plants and zygotic embryos with different growth regulators (2,4-D, Dicamba, and Picloram). The results showed that the disinfection of P. echinata fruits treated in a solution containing only NaClO and Manzate® fungicide had contamination rates below 25%, with the lowest percentage of contamination. For in vitro germination percentage, the values reached 75% compared to the other explants and treatments containing NaClO and AgNPs, offering more effective disinfection and a more suitable in vitro establishment of the species, providing in vitro biological material for various uses and purposes in in vitro propagation. For callogenesis induction, the formation of non-embryogenic calli was observed in all treatments