Mestrado em Biologia Vegetal
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Mestrado Acadêmico
Ano de início: 2002
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE (Portaria MEC Nº 609, de 14/03/2019.
Publicação no DOU 18 de março de 2019, seç. 1, p.52 - Parecer CNE/CES no 487/2018, Processo no 23001.000335/2018-51).
Periodicidade de seleção: Anual
Área(s) de concentração: Filosofia
Url do curso: https://biologiavegetal.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGBV/detalhes-do-curso?id=28
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- ItemEstudos ecotoxicogenéticos e fisiológicos do óxido de zircônio (ZrO2) em plantas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-02-27) Sant'Anna, Francisco Rodrigues; Matsumoto, Silvia Tamie; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6746-5548; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2158304667499789 ; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3391-489X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4332743531431342 ; Aragão, Francielen Barroso; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5203-3451; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3903095316698835 ; Morales, Dânia Elisa Christofoletti Mazzeo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1696-9065; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2378883705248821Emerging metal contaminants can pose risks to human and environmental health, but their effects have not yet been widely studied. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of zirconium (Zr) on plant organisms, using bioassays with Lactuca sativa L., Allium cepa L. and Phaseolus vulgaris L. Solutions containing zirconium dioxide were prepared in different concentrations: 200 μg (C1), 100 μg (C2), 50 μg (C3), 25 μg (C4) and 12.5 μg (C5), diluted in 0.5% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Distilled water was used as a negative control (NC) and the DMSO solution as a control for the dilution vehicle. L. sativa seedlings germinated in the test solutions were analyzed for germination and initial growth. Roots of A. cepa, also germinated in the test solutions, were used to evaluate the cytogenotoxic potential by analyzing the cell cycle and inducing DNA damage by observing chromosomal and nuclear alterations. In P. vulgaris, leaf morphology, pigment and total nitrogen indices, root and shoot biomass and length were analyzed. The data was subjected to the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and then ANOVA with Tukey's test or the Kruskal-Wallis test (P < 0.05). None of the concentrations tested affected the development of L. sativa. Zr did not induce chromosomal or nuclear alterations in meristematic cells, but in F1 cells, the C1 solution showed damaging potential. In P. vulgaris, there was a dose-dependent increase in the anthocyanin index. Only plants treated with C1 showed a reduction in the length of the aerial part. Although the fresh mass did not differ between the groups, the dry mass of the roots and aerial part was reduced in C1, and the roots were also affected in C2. Thus, Zr showed the potential to cause toxic effects in plant organisms, impacting growth and inducing damage at high concentrations.
- ItemO papel das giberelinas na fisiologia e modulação do florescimento da pimenteira-do-reino (Piper nigrum L.)(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-04-08) Dias, Marcos Antonio Cezario; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8684-9541; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7851416476268137; Cuzzuol, Geraldo Rogerio Faustini; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2055-492X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6127436626143032; Nascimento, Vitor de Laia; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5276-2638; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9069530912654269Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is a crop of great economic importance, whose productivity is directly linked to its flowering. However, irregular flowering and the impact of environmental factors remain challenges that limit the crop’s productive efficiency. This study investigated the endogenous and exogenous factors influencing the flowering of black pepper by combining bibliometric, systematic, and experimental analyses. The effects of two growth regulators, paclobutrazol (PBZ) and gibberellin (GA₃), on the plant's morphophysiological characteristics were analyzed to understand their role in modulating flowering. The research was structured into three main approaches. First, a bibliometric and systematic review was conducted to identify the key factors determining the flowering of P. nigrum. Subsequently, experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of PBZ and GA₃ on the growth and flowering of the plants. The experiments followed a randomized block design, using different doses of both regulators, and assessed their effects on photochemical efficiency, biomass allocation, and non structural carbohydrate (NSC) metabolism. The results showed that PBZ, at moderate doses (250 and 500 mL L⁻¹), stimulated flowering and reduced vegetative growth by redirecting metabolic (e.g., soluble sugars) and physiological resources toward floral induction. However, excessive doses (750 mL L⁻¹) compromised the plant's photochemical efficiency. The application of GA₃ showed a dose-dependent effect, where intermediate concentrations (10 and 20 mg L⁻¹) stimulated flowering, while higher doses (30 mg L⁻¹) promoted vegetative growth. A greater accumulation of NSCs (soluble sugars) in the leaves was associated with flowering. It is concluded that the application of growth regulators can be a viable strategy to promote black pepper flowering, provided they are used at appropriate concentrations. The study highlights the need for careful management to balance vegetative growth and productivity, contributing to crop improvement and production sustainability.
- ItemEfeitos da invasão por Acacia spp. (fabaceae) sobre a fauna edáfica na floresta de tabuleiros(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-03-12) Fiorini, Jackson Fabris; Matos, Fábio Antônio Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7699-9522; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6246838286590968; Menezes, Luís Fernando Tavares de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1854-2441; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4502113593775550; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6444-4512; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2741579203817837; Souza, Rodrigo Camara de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8925-3260; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6215355313315627; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-7673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8029279967950425Edaphic fauna consists of invertebrates that live permanently in the soil or that spend one or more stages of their life cycle in this environment. The organisms that comprise this fauna respond to land-use changes and perform important functions in terrestrial ecosystems, such as nutrient cycling. Therefore, edaphic fauna plays a role in maintaining the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil and can serve as an indicator of soil quality, providing valuable input for environmental monitoring. This study aimed to assess the impact of the biological invasion of species from the genus Acacia on the edaphic fauna community in the Tableland Forest. The research was conducted in fragments of tableland forest located in municipalities in the northern region of Espírito Santo and the extreme south of Bahia, Brazil. These fragments were classified into three types: primary forest, secondary forest, and secondary forest invaded by Acacia spp. Five fragments of each type were evaluated, totaling 15 fragments. Within each fragment, five 10 x 20 m plots were established. In each plot, samples of soil and leaf litter were collected for the extraction of edaphic fauna using Berlese-Tullgren extractors, and for the analysis of soil and litter chemical attributes. To evaluate the composition of edaphic fauna taxonomic groups, a non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis was performed. Taxonomic diversity was tested using species richness estimates and the Shannon diversity index. To assess the abundance of functional groups, an analysis of variance was conducted, with data presented as boxplots. Soil and litter chemical attributes were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). After sorting the material, the total edaphic fauna amounted to 17,413 individuals, with 54% found in the primary forest, 25% in the secondary forest, and 21% in the Acacia-invaded forest. Of all the organisms, 71% were associated with leaf litter and 29% with the soil. The results indicated a decrease in the total abundance of the community, the abundance of functional groups of predators and saprophagous/predators in both soil and litter, and a reduction in taxonomic group richness in the litter in forests invaded by exotic Acacia species, compared to non-invaded forest areas (primary and secondary forests). The reduced capacity to support edaphic fauna dynamics in the secondary forest invaded by Acacia was influenced by lower soil fertility and lower nutrient concentrations in the litter compared to non-invaded forest areas. This study demonstrates that the presence of Acacia species reduces the abundance of edaphic fauna and alters the dynamics of the food web, as the functional group of predators showed differences between the evaluated forest types and between soil and litter compartments.
- ItemEfeitos da invasão por Acacia spp. na resiliência edáfica, diversidade de árvores e estoques de carbono das florestas de tabuleiros(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-09-30) Poloni, Carlos Eduardo Mulinario; Matos, Fábio Antônio Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7699-9522; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6246838286590968; Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1854-2441; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4502113593775550; https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9461-5808; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9272733484197802; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-7673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8029279967950425; José, Dora Maria Villela ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3507-0186; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4385307852514638Climate change mitigation is directly linked to the restoration of natural ecosystems, particularly tropical forests. Secondary-growth forests play a vital role in human-altered tropical landscapes, providing essential ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling and biodiversity maintenance. However, these forests are constantly threatened, especially by invasive exotic species, making it crucial to understand the impacts of such invasions for effective restoration planning. This study examines aboveground carbon stocks, tree diversity recovery, and soil resilience in forests invaded by two Acacia species compared to non-invaded forests. The research was conducted across 20 forest fragments in the northern Espírito Santo and southern Bahia regions. In each fragment, five 10 x 20 m plots were established, and within each plot, five soil subsamples were collected for pH, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Al³⁺, and P analysis. Soil variables were synthesized using Principal Component Analysis to determine soil fertility. Taxonomic diversity was assessed using Hill numbers, and carbon stocks were estimated under the assumption that 50% of aboveground biomass is carbon, calculated through allometric equations. The impact of habitat type on soil fertility recovery was tested using the second-order Akaike information criterion (AICc), with models selected if ΔAICc ≤ 5. Generalized linear models were applied to evaluate the influence of habitat type and soil fertility, with regeneration age as a covariate. Non-invaded forests showed a positive relationship between carbon stocks, species richness, diversity, and regeneration time. In contrast, invaded forests exhibited similar carbon stocks but failed to deliver equivalent benefits, leading to a loss of essential ecosystem services. A careful selection of species for restoration programs is crucial to avoid invasives like Acacia, which can undermine ecosystem resilience and reduce benefits for biodiversity and ecosystem services
- ItemDesinfestação, estabelecimento e calogênese in vitro de Paubrasilia echinata Lam E. Gagnon, H. C. Lima & G. P. Lewis(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-08-09) Mariano, Gustavo Fernandes; Werner, Elias Terra; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7781-4342; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3268068963656927; https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1173-1492; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8191360666964861; Fontes, Milene Miranda Praça ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7738-9518; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1372644511398549; Karsburg, Isane Vera ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-0449; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4736928411585458The species Paubrasilia echinata, known worldwide as pau-brasil and considered the national tree of Brazil, is a tree species belonging to the Fabaceae family and native to the Atlantic Forest. P. echinata is endangered due to intense exploitation, driven by the high demand for its wood during the colonial period in Brazil, making it necessary to develop strategies for its conservation, propagation, and reforestation, especially considering its representative role in the Atlantic Forest biome. In this context, in vitro propagation or micropropagation emerges as an excellent alternative for the species' preservation. However, native species face challenges in establishing in vitro due to the difficulty of disinfecting biological material (explants) to eliminate microorganisms originating from the field. These microorganisms, usually bacterial or fungal in nature, can proliferate excessively in the in vitro environment and lead to the death of the explant. Tests with different explants, different exposure times, and different concentrations of conventional disinfecting agents (alcohol and sodium hypochlorite), as well as new methodologies such as the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), have been developed to improve the disinfection technique of explants and favor the in vitro establishment of tree species like pau-brasil. Therefore, the present study aimed to test the disinfecting agents sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) from the Qboa® brand, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and their combination, at different exposure times (5- 30 min) and concentrations (60 and 100%) using fruits, seeds, and axillary buds as explants for the disinfection and callogenesis induction stages with P. echinata from leaflets of in vitro plants and zygotic embryos with different growth regulators (2,4-D, Dicamba, and Picloram). The results showed that the disinfection of P. echinata fruits treated in a solution containing only NaClO and Manzate® fungicide had contamination rates below 25%, with the lowest percentage of contamination. For in vitro germination percentage, the values reached 75% compared to the other explants and treatments containing NaClO and AgNPs, offering more effective disinfection and a more suitable in vitro establishment of the species, providing in vitro biological material for various uses and purposes in in vitro propagation. For callogenesis induction, the formation of non-embryogenic calli was observed in all treatments