Mestrado em Biologia Vegetal
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Mestrado Acadêmico
Ano de início: 2002
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE (Portaria MEC Nº 609, de 14/03/2019.
Publicação no DOU 18 de março de 2019, seç. 1, p.52 - Parecer CNE/CES no 487/2018, Processo no 23001.000335/2018-51).
Periodicidade de seleção: Anual
Área(s) de concentração: Filosofia
Url do curso: https://biologiavegetal.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGBV/detalhes-do-curso?id=28
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- ItemEstoques totais de carbono ecossistêmico e sua potencial vulnerabilidade à elevação do nível do mar em manguezais da Baía de Vitória(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-11-27) Pinto, Lethicia Lellis Vieira; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/Mangroves are important carbon sinks, capable of sequestering and storing organic matter through its accumulation in both vegetation and soils. In Vitória Bay, these ecosystems face increasing pressures from mean sea level rise and urban expansion, which limits the landward migration of mangroves. This study was based on the hypothesis that mangroves located at lower elevations, due to their greater exposure to potential erosive processes and frequent inundation, would exhibit lower carbon stocks, as such processes could have removed part of the previously accumulated carbon and compromised their retention capacity. This study aimed to quantify total ecosystem carbon stocks in mangrove forests and to compare these stocks with coastal vulnerability indices in the metropolitan region of Vitória, southeastern Brazil. Total carbon stocks were quantified for six mangrove sites, including aboveground vegetation and soils down to 3 m depth. A guided classification of Vitória Bay was conducted to assess vulnerability based on spatial interpolation maps and the Coastal Sensitivity Index (CSI) developed by Machado and Albino (2024), which considers parameters such as overall vulnerability, elevation, geology/geomorphology, sedimentary features, and proximity to the coastline and river mouths.To compare with the CSI, in situ data on flood frequency and duration, water column depth, and elevation of the mangrove fringe (using RTK GPS) were collected at the six sampled sites. Our results showed that total carbon stocks in the six mangrove forests ranged from 717 to 1481 Mg C ha⁻¹, with an average of 1028 Mg C ha⁻¹, with over 90% of the carbon stored in the soils. The CSI indicated the sampled areas had high overall vulnerability, with site A classified as very high vulnerability, particularly due to its geology/geomorphology and sedimentary characteristics. In situ data classified site A as highly vulnerable, as it showed the lowest average elevation (-1.28 m), indicating greater exposure to flooding. Contrary to the initial hypothesis that mangroves in lower areas would have lower carbon storage capacity due to potential erosion, the lower areas of the Bay of Vitória showed the highest carbon stocks. This suggests that, even under greater physical vulnerability to these pressures, these mangroves continue to play a significant role in carbon retention, possibly due to soil accretion driven by aboveground plant material associated with root systems. This study indicates that, in the protected estuarine mangroves of Vitória Bay, carbon stocks are not primarily associated with vulnerability to coastal erosion related to wave action, highlighting the importance of integrating local hydrodynamic characteristics and terrain topography into conservation strategies and adaptive management in the context of climate change
- ItemEstudos ecotoxicogenéticos e fisiológicos do óxido de zircônio (ZrO2) em plantas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-02-27) Sant'Anna, Francisco Rodrigues; Matsumoto, Silvia Tamie; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6746-5548; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2158304667499789 ; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3391-489X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4332743531431342 ; Aragão, Francielen Barroso; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5203-3451; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3903095316698835 ; Morales, Dânia Elisa Christofoletti Mazzeo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1696-9065; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2378883705248821Emerging metal contaminants can pose risks to human and environmental health, but their effects have not yet been widely studied. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of zirconium (Zr) on plant organisms, using bioassays with Lactuca sativa L., Allium cepa L. and Phaseolus vulgaris L. Solutions containing zirconium dioxide were prepared in different concentrations: 200 μg (C1), 100 μg (C2), 50 μg (C3), 25 μg (C4) and 12.5 μg (C5), diluted in 0.5% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Distilled water was used as a negative control (NC) and the DMSO solution as a control for the dilution vehicle. L. sativa seedlings germinated in the test solutions were analyzed for germination and initial growth. Roots of A. cepa, also germinated in the test solutions, were used to evaluate the cytogenotoxic potential by analyzing the cell cycle and inducing DNA damage by observing chromosomal and nuclear alterations. In P. vulgaris, leaf morphology, pigment and total nitrogen indices, root and shoot biomass and length were analyzed. The data was subjected to the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and then ANOVA with Tukey's test or the Kruskal-Wallis test (P < 0.05). None of the concentrations tested affected the development of L. sativa. Zr did not induce chromosomal or nuclear alterations in meristematic cells, but in F1 cells, the C1 solution showed damaging potential. In P. vulgaris, there was a dose-dependent increase in the anthocyanin index. Only plants treated with C1 showed a reduction in the length of the aerial part. Although the fresh mass did not differ between the groups, the dry mass of the roots and aerial part was reduced in C1, and the roots were also affected in C2. Thus, Zr showed the potential to cause toxic effects in plant organisms, impacting growth and inducing damage at high concentrations.
- ItemO papel das giberelinas na fisiologia e modulação do florescimento da pimenteira-do-reino (Piper nigrum L.)(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-04-08) Dias, Marcos Antonio Cezario; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8684-9541; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7851416476268137; Cuzzuol, Geraldo Rogerio Faustini; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2055-492X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6127436626143032; Nascimento, Vitor de Laia; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5276-2638; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9069530912654269Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is a crop of great economic importance, whose productivity is directly linked to its flowering. However, irregular flowering and the impact of environmental factors remain challenges that limit the crop’s productive efficiency. This study investigated the endogenous and exogenous factors influencing the flowering of black pepper by combining bibliometric, systematic, and experimental analyses. The effects of two growth regulators, paclobutrazol (PBZ) and gibberellin (GA₃), on the plant's morphophysiological characteristics were analyzed to understand their role in modulating flowering. The research was structured into three main approaches. First, a bibliometric and systematic review was conducted to identify the key factors determining the flowering of P. nigrum. Subsequently, experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of PBZ and GA₃ on the growth and flowering of the plants. The experiments followed a randomized block design, using different doses of both regulators, and assessed their effects on photochemical efficiency, biomass allocation, and non structural carbohydrate (NSC) metabolism. The results showed that PBZ, at moderate doses (250 and 500 mL L⁻¹), stimulated flowering and reduced vegetative growth by redirecting metabolic (e.g., soluble sugars) and physiological resources toward floral induction. However, excessive doses (750 mL L⁻¹) compromised the plant's photochemical efficiency. The application of GA₃ showed a dose-dependent effect, where intermediate concentrations (10 and 20 mg L⁻¹) stimulated flowering, while higher doses (30 mg L⁻¹) promoted vegetative growth. A greater accumulation of NSCs (soluble sugars) in the leaves was associated with flowering. It is concluded that the application of growth regulators can be a viable strategy to promote black pepper flowering, provided they are used at appropriate concentrations. The study highlights the need for careful management to balance vegetative growth and productivity, contributing to crop improvement and production sustainability.
- ItemEfeitos da invasão por Acacia spp. (fabaceae) sobre a fauna edáfica na floresta de tabuleiros(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-03-12) Fiorini, Jackson Fabris; Matos, Fábio Antônio Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7699-9522; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6246838286590968; Menezes, Luís Fernando Tavares de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1854-2441; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4502113593775550; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6444-4512; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2741579203817837; Souza, Rodrigo Camara de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8925-3260; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6215355313315627; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-7673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8029279967950425Edaphic fauna consists of invertebrates that live permanently in the soil or that spend one or more stages of their life cycle in this environment. The organisms that comprise this fauna respond to land-use changes and perform important functions in terrestrial ecosystems, such as nutrient cycling. Therefore, edaphic fauna plays a role in maintaining the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil and can serve as an indicator of soil quality, providing valuable input for environmental monitoring. This study aimed to assess the impact of the biological invasion of species from the genus Acacia on the edaphic fauna community in the Tableland Forest. The research was conducted in fragments of tableland forest located in municipalities in the northern region of Espírito Santo and the extreme south of Bahia, Brazil. These fragments were classified into three types: primary forest, secondary forest, and secondary forest invaded by Acacia spp. Five fragments of each type were evaluated, totaling 15 fragments. Within each fragment, five 10 x 20 m plots were established. In each plot, samples of soil and leaf litter were collected for the extraction of edaphic fauna using Berlese-Tullgren extractors, and for the analysis of soil and litter chemical attributes. To evaluate the composition of edaphic fauna taxonomic groups, a non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis was performed. Taxonomic diversity was tested using species richness estimates and the Shannon diversity index. To assess the abundance of functional groups, an analysis of variance was conducted, with data presented as boxplots. Soil and litter chemical attributes were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). After sorting the material, the total edaphic fauna amounted to 17,413 individuals, with 54% found in the primary forest, 25% in the secondary forest, and 21% in the Acacia-invaded forest. Of all the organisms, 71% were associated with leaf litter and 29% with the soil. The results indicated a decrease in the total abundance of the community, the abundance of functional groups of predators and saprophagous/predators in both soil and litter, and a reduction in taxonomic group richness in the litter in forests invaded by exotic Acacia species, compared to non-invaded forest areas (primary and secondary forests). The reduced capacity to support edaphic fauna dynamics in the secondary forest invaded by Acacia was influenced by lower soil fertility and lower nutrient concentrations in the litter compared to non-invaded forest areas. This study demonstrates that the presence of Acacia species reduces the abundance of edaphic fauna and alters the dynamics of the food web, as the functional group of predators showed differences between the evaluated forest types and between soil and litter compartments.
- ItemEfeitos da invasão por Acacia spp. na resiliência edáfica, diversidade de árvores e estoques de carbono das florestas de tabuleiros(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-09-30) Poloni, Carlos Eduardo Mulinario; Matos, Fábio Antônio Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7699-9522; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6246838286590968; Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1854-2441; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4502113593775550; https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9461-5808; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9272733484197802; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-7673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8029279967950425; José, Dora Maria Villela ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3507-0186; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4385307852514638Climate change mitigation is directly linked to the restoration of natural ecosystems, particularly tropical forests. Secondary-growth forests play a vital role in human-altered tropical landscapes, providing essential ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling and biodiversity maintenance. However, these forests are constantly threatened, especially by invasive exotic species, making it crucial to understand the impacts of such invasions for effective restoration planning. This study examines aboveground carbon stocks, tree diversity recovery, and soil resilience in forests invaded by two Acacia species compared to non-invaded forests. The research was conducted across 20 forest fragments in the northern Espírito Santo and southern Bahia regions. In each fragment, five 10 x 20 m plots were established, and within each plot, five soil subsamples were collected for pH, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Al³⁺, and P analysis. Soil variables were synthesized using Principal Component Analysis to determine soil fertility. Taxonomic diversity was assessed using Hill numbers, and carbon stocks were estimated under the assumption that 50% of aboveground biomass is carbon, calculated through allometric equations. The impact of habitat type on soil fertility recovery was tested using the second-order Akaike information criterion (AICc), with models selected if ΔAICc ≤ 5. Generalized linear models were applied to evaluate the influence of habitat type and soil fertility, with regeneration age as a covariate. Non-invaded forests showed a positive relationship between carbon stocks, species richness, diversity, and regeneration time. In contrast, invaded forests exhibited similar carbon stocks but failed to deliver equivalent benefits, leading to a loss of essential ecosystem services. A careful selection of species for restoration programs is crucial to avoid invasives like Acacia, which can undermine ecosystem resilience and reduce benefits for biodiversity and ecosystem services