Mestrado em Biologia Vegetal
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Mestrado Acadêmico
Ano de início: 2002
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE (Portaria MEC Nº 609, de 14/03/2019.
Publicação no DOU 18 de março de 2019, seç. 1, p.52 - Parecer CNE/CES no 487/2018, Processo no 23001.000335/2018-51).
Periodicidade de seleção: Anual
Área(s) de concentração: Filosofia
Url do curso: https://biologiavegetal.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGBV/detalhes-do-curso?id=28
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- ItemDesinfestação, estabelecimento e calogênese in vitro de Paubrasilia echinata Lam E. Gagnon, H. C. Lima & G. P. Lewis(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-08-09) Mariano, Gustavo Fernandes; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/The species Paubrasilia echinata, known worldwide as pau-brasil and considered the national tree of Brazil, is a tree species belonging to the Fabaceae family and native to the Atlantic Forest. P. echinata is endangered due to intense exploitation, driven by the high demand for its wood during the colonial period in Brazil, making it necessary to develop strategies for its conservation, propagation, and reforestation, especially considering its representative role in the Atlantic Forest biome. In this context, in vitro propagation or micropropagation emerges as an excellent alternative for the species' preservation. However, native species face challenges in establishing in vitro due to the difficulty of disinfecting biological material (explants) to eliminate microorganisms originating from the field. These microorganisms, usually bacterial or fungal in nature, can proliferate excessively in the in vitro environment and lead to the death of the explant. Tests with different explants, different exposure times, and different concentrations of conventional disinfecting agents (alcohol and sodium hypochlorite), as well as new methodologies such as the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), have been developed to improve the disinfection technique of explants and favor the in vitro establishment of tree species like pau-brasil. Therefore, the present study aimed to test the disinfecting agents sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) from the Qboa® brand, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and their combination, at different exposure times (5- 30 min) and concentrations (60 and 100%) using fruits, seeds, and axillary buds as explants for the disinfection and callogenesis induction stages with P. echinata from leaflets of in vitro plants and zygotic embryos with different growth regulators (2,4-D, Dicamba, and Picloram). The results showed that the disinfection of P. echinata fruits treated in a solution containing only NaClO and Manzate® fungicide had contamination rates below 25%, with the lowest percentage of contamination. For in vitro germination percentage, the values reached 75% compared to the other explants and treatments containing NaClO and AgNPs, offering more effective disinfection and a more suitable in vitro establishment of the species, providing in vitro biological material for various uses and purposes in in vitro propagation. For callogenesis induction, the formation of non-embryogenic calli was observed in all treatments
- Item“Relações dos compostos de carbono com a ecologia funcional de comunidades de restinga”(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-02-16) Zorzanelli, Maria Cecília; Cuzzuol, Geraldo Rogerio Faustini; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6127436626143032; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6127436626143032; https://orcid.org/0009000410109103; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2914625397965107; Lourenço Junior, Jehová; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7815-7209; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2980522784008467; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-7673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8029279967950425The vegetation of the Paulo César Vinha State Park-PEPCV (20°35'25'' S and 40°25'24'' W), Guarapari-ES, is recognized as a model for studying the effects of environmental gradients and possible impacts of climate change on their communities. Some of the variables that we can use in this type of study are the cell wall polymers-CWP (cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin) and the nonstructural carbohydrates-NSC (sucrose, glucose, fructose and starch) because they have a fine connection with the ecological theories of niche partitioning and distribution of forest species. We hypothesized that the PPC and CNE contents present close correlations with the edaphic gradients of soil moisture and fertility. To test this hypothesis, we collected samples of canopy branches of 35 species distributed in 42 plots (25 m2 /each) of the floodable, intermediate and dry forests of the PPCV restinga. We measured the depth of the water table and collected samples to determine the physical and chemical parameters of the soil along the plots. The CWP and NSC were correlated with the sampled variables, and showed that the cellulose, hemicellulose and fructose contents increased as the species were replaced towards a drier and more porous environment. Boron (B) was the nutrient that most contributed to cellulose deposition, while calcium (Ca2+) was the one that most correlated with hemicelluloses and lignin. These results suggest the participation of B in the synthesis of cellulose fibers and Ca2+ in the synthesis of lignin. The greater deposition of cellulose and hemicellulose of the restinga dry forest species can be interpreted as a way for plants to maintain cellular turgor pressure, allowing growth under less water availability. Lignin did not vary along soil moisture gradients. However, it increased with the availability of Ca2+ in the soil, suggesting the participation of this element in the wood lignification. Regarding CNE, the increase of fructose in drier environments indicates the osmoregulatory role of this molecule under water restriction conditions, while the increase of glucose in the flooded restinga environment seems to be strongly influenced by Al3+ associated with a more acidic pH. On the other hand, starch and sucrose did not show important correlations with the gradients of humidity and fertility, suggesting that for restinga species it is more interesting to convert sucrose into glucose and fructose, which seem to act in osmotic control in environments with greater toxicity of Al3+ and low water availability. Thus, soil moisture and fertility gradients are selecting traits with ecological functions within plant communities as a way of adapting to environmental conditions. We conclude that PPC and CNE act as important functional trait in restinga communities, reinforcing the importance of structural and non-structural carbon to study the impacts of climate change on plant communities.
- ItemEfeito do tipo de explante e reguladores de crescimento vegetal na indução de calos em três cultivares de Psidium guajava visando a produção de metabólitos secundários(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-02-17) Scotá, Mayla Bessa; Werner, Elias Terra; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7781-4342; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3268068963656927; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7106-1972; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6738426859457235; Fontes, Milene Miranda Praca; https://orcid.org/0000000177389518; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1372644511398549; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-7673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8029279967950425Psidium guajava (guava) is known for the commercialization of fruits for ornamental and medicinal purposes, using infusions of leaves and roots, where the presence of secondary metabolites (MeS) that are beneficial to health is observed. Infusion of leaves, roots or even the bark of the species P. guajava is widely used to treat gastrointestinal diseases such as stomach pain, dysentery and constipation. Biotechnological approaches such as plant tissue culture (CTV) techniques, such as biomass production through callogenesis, are used to provide plant material on a large scale in a standardized way and can be used to supply and mitigate the overexploitation of medicinal plants taken from native sources or cultivated areas. The general objective of this work was to induce callogenesis in vitro using different combinations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) (2,4-D, ANA, KIN and BAP) and explants of leaves, hypocotyls and roots, extracted from P. guajava germinated in vitro from the cultivars Paluma and Cortibel (C1 and C6). For this, the parameters of IVG and % of germination were evaluated; callus induction on leaf, hypocotyl and root explants; anatomical evaluation of in vitro calluses from leaf explants of the Paluma cultivar from 0 to 49 days of incubation; phytochemical prospection in aqueous and alcoholic extract of callus biomass from leaf explants of Paluma and Cortibel cultivars (C1 and C6) cultivated under the influence of the combination of PGRs 2.0 mg L-1 2.4-D + 1.0 mg L-1 ANA + 1.0 mg L-1 KIN (T1), which showed the best callus induction averages in the three cultivars tested in order to identify the presence of MeS synthesized from the callus tissue biomass. The combination of PGRs 2.0 mg L-1 2,4-D + 1.0 mg L-1 ANA + 1.0 mg L-1 KIN (T1), at 60 days, promoted 100% callus induction in leaf explants of the tested cultivars, and greater than 85% in the other combinations of PGRs tested in Paluma and Cortibel (C1 and C6). Important MeS groups were detected, such as tannins, flavones, saponins, chalcones and aurones by phytochemical prospecting in Paluma and Cortibel cultivars (C1 and C6), and the catechins group only in Cortibel (C1 and C6). Leaf explants were more susceptible to callogenesis in vitro in a shorter time than hypocotyl and root explants in the tested cultivars, Paluma and Cortibel (C1 and C6), and, ability to synthesize MeS, being, therefore, recommended for obtaining greater amount of plant biomass.
- ItemEstudo anatômico das rachaduras em tomate tipo grape e os efeitos de suplementação com cálcio e boro em atributos ligados à firmeza(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-08-25) Merisio, Erika Belotti; Milanez, Camilla Rozindo Dias; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9516-2031; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1288447995978779; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6604-1900; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Falqueto, Antelmo Ralph; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-1873; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2005727951505420; Oliveira Junior, Luiz Fernando Ganassali de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1589-0742 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3831408036637444The grape tomato is a minitomato hibryd strain, much appreciated by the consumer for its sweet taste and culinary versatility. Firmness is an important parameter of tomato quality, being crucial for its commercialization and postharvest life. One of the main problems related to low firmness is fruit cracking, which can be prevented through specific nutritional calcium and boron manegment. The tomato crack it´s a pericarp fissure that can be healing at injury site through scar tissue development. Specialized literature considers firmness a multifactorial property, which is influenced by a set of phenotypic variables. Therefore, this work evaluated the effects of the interrelationships between 15 physicochemical, anatomical and morphological fruit’s attributes (predictor variables) and grape tomato´s firmness (response variable). The following characteristics were assessed: diameter (d1, d2), fresh mass (Massafresca), total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (TTA), calcium and boron contents (Ca and B), structural carbohydrates (Cellulose, Hemicellulose, Lignin) and exocarp tissue thickness. Calcium and boron nutritional supplementation treatments (group Ca, 3 mmol/L; group B, 2.5 µmol/L; and control) were applied through substrate and the efects on phenotypic attributes of the fruits were evaluate. The anatomy of the intact and cracked prericarp was described, and the healing tissue chemical containment was verified by histochemical tests. The interrelationships among firmness and phenotypic variables showed that Ca and TSS are the most influential variables, but they have antagonistic effects in firmness. Positive changes in Ca are directly associated with increased firmness; while TSS promotes the oposite. Ca positively influences exocarp thickness and cuticle thickness, but does not promotes the firmness through anatomical variables. Also, Ca does not promote firmness through effects on structural carbohydrate contents. Among the morphological variables, equatorial diameter stood out for its direct and negative effect on firmness. It was also verified that the increase in the epidermis thickness is related to low firmness; but the exocarp (set of exocarpo tissues) has a positive effect. Nutritional supplementation treatments did increase fruit firmness, possibly due to via substrate intake and low nutrient mobility. The grape tomato´s cracks has longitudinal pattern, and the lesion is local contained through a tenuous healing tissue, which consists in cell wall thickening process developed by injured cell. The chemical contend of healing tissue is lipid, verified by the sudan IV test. The grape tomato do not develop the healing periderm common in salad tomato cultivars.
- ItemAVALIAÇÃO FITOQUÍMICA E DE ATIVIDADES ANTIOXIDANTES DE SEIS DIFERENTES GENÓTIPOS DE Ananas sp(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-01-31) Oliveira, Juda Ben Hur de; Batitucci, Maria Do Carmo Pimentel; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0010148251489155; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Matsumoto, Silvia Tamie; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2158304667499789; Dutra, Jean Carlos Vencioneck; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/In recent years, Brazil has been standing out more and more in the cultivation and production of pineapple, and showing itself as one of the largest producers and exporters in the world. Belonging to the Bromeliaceae family, pineapple is native to tropica