Análise dos resíduos domiciliares em edificações multifamiliares
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Data
2020-07-16
Autores
Vizeu, Carolina Castilho
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The issues related to solid waste in the world are increasingly evident. In Brazil, it is noticeable that, even after the creation and implementation of specific legislation in the national, state and municipal spheres, the waste still does not receive the appropriate destination and treatment. It is also observed that the quantity of material available for reuse or recycling, destined for associations of collectors, could be increased, reducing the volume currently discarded in landfills. This research aimed to analyze the gravimetric composition of dry residues, as well as the volumes of wet residues generated by the multifamily buildings participating in the selective collection program in the municipality of Vitória (ES), with the Jardim da Penha neighborhood as a territorial cut. List the environmental benefits that these programs provide and indicate possible improvements are additional objectives highlighted in this study. For this, the methodological process considered three stages, these being: the relationship with the treatment and the final disposal appropriate to the waste; the collection and systematization of data, with a case study relevant to the expansion of the municipal waste program in Vitória, and the analysis and evaluation of the results, which show an increase of more than 1000% in the consumption of glass and 111.8% in the use of cardboard, as well as a 62% decrease in plastic considering the comparison between the year 2011 and 2019. The study also revealed that a building in this neighborhood produces an average of 38 kilos of wet waste per day and 56 kilos of dry per week and that each resident generates on average, 700 grams per day, being 570 grams of wet and 130 grams of dry. It is noteworthy that if the selective collection program served at least 30% of the neighborhood, more than 4 tons of recyclable material would stop going to landfills and would go to waste pickers associations in just one week. In view of the above, the importance and necessity of studying and analyzing the problem is noted, since recyclable waste feeds a growing industry and benefits both environmental, social and economic spheres, appropriately allocating and treating such waste and generating income for waste pickers and their families.
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Resíduos sólidos urbanos , Política Nacional , Coleta Seletiva , Região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória