“As história são boa. As pessoas, maravilhosa": análise da variação da concordância verbal e nominal na zona rural de Santa Leopoldina/ES
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Data
2020-10-02
Autores
Lopes, Lays de Oliveira Joel
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Based on the Variationist Sociolinguistics, systematized and disseminated by Labov (2008 [1972], 2001), this research analyzes the phenomena of third person verbal agreement and nominal number agreement in the noun phrase, from a sample composed of 44 interviews collected in the rural area of Santa Leopoldina/ES. The objective is to defend the thesis of the existence of a regularity in the effect of linguistic variables, in terms of major trends, for the plural agreement that operates in Brazilian Portuguese. In addition, we intend to reflect on the rural-urban continuum, proposed by Bortoni-Ricardo (1998, 2004). Thus, we analyzed the sample of Santa Leopoldina and compared obtained the results with those of previous research, such as Naro (1981), Scherre (1988), Vieira (1997), Pereira (2004), Lucchesi, Baxter and Silva (2009), Martins (2013), Silva (2013), Araújo (2014), Lopes (2014), Benfica (2016), Gomes, Melo and Barcelos (2016) and Scardua (2018), in addition to several co productions between professors Anthony Julius Naro and Maria Marta Pereira Scherre. The sample of Santa Leopoldina had stratified speakers according to: sex - man and woman; age group - 07-14, 15-25, 26-49 and above 49 years old; and educational level - elementary school 01; middle school 02; and high school. The effect of external variables (sex, age, education and origin of the interviewer), common to both phenomena, and linguistic variables (for the 3rd person verbal agreement: phonic salience, sentence parallelism, position and type of subject and discursive parallelism; for the nominal agreement within the noun phrase: linear and relative position, phonic salience, precedent marks, degree, formality and animacity of the nouns) was measured using the computer program Goldvarb X, by Sankoff, Tagliamonte & Smith (2005). The initial hypothesis was confirmed, since the major trends in linguistic effects observed in the data from Santa Leopoldina are in line with the major trends observed by the other listed works. The comparative analysis between the studies corroborates the finding of Scherre (1988), of Scherre and Naro (2006) and of Naro and Scherre (2007) that the differences in the plural agreement operate on a quantitative and non qualitative level, in relation to linguistic variables. The results also corroborate the proposal of Naro and Scherre (2007) about the origins of Brazilian Portuguese, centered on the idea of a confluence of multiple motivations. In addition, we note that linguistic variables have a more vigorous effect than social variables in Santa Leopoldina. Our thought is that this scenario can be justified by the particularities of the social organization of Santa Leopoldina. The crossings between social variables, for both phenomena, corroborate the proposal of Naro and Scherre (1991, 2013) about the model of flows and counterflows, since we perceive groups and individuals moving through different linguistically structured social paths. Given the above, we clarify that this thesis aims to foster reflections and contribute to the mapping of Brazilian Portuguese, regarding the phenomena under analysis.
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Palavras-chave
Sociolinguística variacionista , Concordância verbal de terceira pessoa , Concordância nominal de número no sintagma nominal