Análise das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis por HIV e sífilis em migrantes venezuelanas
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Data
2025-06-30
Autores
Mocelin, Helaine Jacinta Salvador
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Introduction: Brazil still lacks a consolidated national policy for the migrant, refugee, and stateless populations. In most cases, sexually transmitted infections are not considered a health priority, and sexual and reproductive health rights are not guaranteed. Objectives: To analyze the response to sexually transmitted infections (HIV/AIDS) and syphilis among Venezuelan migrants; to synthesize and critically evaluate the evidence from cross-sectional studies that estimated the prevalence of HIV and syphilis among migrant women worldwide; to understand Venezuelan women's perceptions of access to health services, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV/AIDS and syphilis in Brazil; and to contrast the perceptions of healthcare managers with those of Venezuelan women regarding access to health services, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV/AIDS and syphilis in Brazil. Methods: The thesis follows a structure composed of three articles and one book chapter. To meet the objectives outlined in each manuscript, specific methodological choices were necessary. Thus, the common methodological approach used in the articles is described, while particularities will be detailed later in each article that comprises the research findings. Results: The findings from this thesis reveal a high prevalence of AIDS/STIs and syphilis among migrant women, particularly among pregnant women and sex workers. They also expose the protectionist perspective of healthcare managers regarding the role of the State, which contrasts with the barriers migrant women face in accessing health services. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to develop sexual and reproductive health interventions that are culturally and contextually sensitive to this group of migrant women. Structural barriers to accessing health services—such as lack of legal documentation, language obstacles, fear of deportation, institutional discrimination, and healthcare-related costs—remain significant obstacles to securing essential care for migrant women. Overcoming these challenges requires community outreach strategies grounded in social engagement and the building of trust through culturally competent and gender-sensitive services. Integrating STI prevention into maternal, sexual, and reproductive healthcare services presents a strategic opportunity to optimize early detection and treatment, reduce the risk of vertical transmission, and ensure continuity of care throughout the migration process. It is essential that governments and international organizations acknowledge the impact of restrictive migration laws and exclusionary health policies in exacerbating migrant women’s vulnerability to STIs. Recognizing migrant women as a key population in global STI control efforts transcends public health efficiency and constitutes a matter of human rights and social justice. By aligning health interventions, inclusive policies, and solid scientific evidence, countries can move toward the consolidation of more equitable, responsive, and effective public health systems committed to the principle of leaving no one behind.
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Migrantes , Refugiados , Política Pública , Saúde reprodutiva , Serviços de Saúde da Mulher , Doenças Transmissíveis