Características individuais e a propensão ao endividamento pessoal: uma análise sobre a ótica comportamental
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Data
2025-08-04
Autores
Silva, Emmanuel Marques
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
This thesis analyzed how individual differences influence the propensity for personal indebtedness from a behavioral economics perspective. It is based on the assumption that financial decisions are not solely determined by economic and demographic factors, but also by personality traits, cognitive biases, and levels of financial knowledge. The proposed theoretical model integrates the Big Five personality traits, the mental accounting bias, and financial knowledge as central variables for understanding debt behavior. The research was conducted through seven complementary articles. The first two consisted of systematic literature reviews aimed at mapping the scientific production related to personal indebtedness and mental accounting, serving as the conceptual foundation for the empirical phase. The following four studies focused on the development and validation of psychometric instruments to measure debt propensity, personality traits, susceptibility to mental accounting, and financial knowledge. Finally, the seventh study examined the relationships among the proposed variables through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and robust multiple linear regression analysis. The main findings reveal that Conscientiousness is negatively associated with debt propensity, acting as a protective factor. Conversely, Openness to Experience and Neuroticism show positive relationships with indebtedness. Mental accounting was found to play a moderating role by reducing the effect of Openness to Experience, suggesting that this bias may act as a psychological barrier against excessive debt. On the other hand, financial knowledge was shown to enhance the protective effects of Conscientiousness, functioning as a facilitator of financial self-regulation. The originality of this thesis lies in the theoretical and empirical integration of psychological and economic dimensions into a comprehensive model applied to the Brazilian context. The findings provide relevant contributions to the advancement of academic literature, the development of public financial education policies, and the design of more effective behavioral interventions. As a future perspective, it is suggested that this model be replicated in intergenerational and longitudinal studies to investigate potential differences in debt patterns across Generations Y (Millennials), Z, and Alpha.
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Endividamento pessoal , Traços de personalidade Big Five , Contabilidade mental , Conhecimento financeiro , Finanças comportamentais