Doutorado em Ciências Contábeis

URI Permanente para esta coleção

http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17543

Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início: 2019
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE, Parecer CES/CNE nº 487/2018 (Portaria MEC nº 609, de 14/03/2019), DOU 18/03/2019, Seção 1, p. 63.
Periodicidade de seleção: Anual
Área(s) de concentração: Contabilidade e Controladoria
Url do curso: https://cienciascontabeis.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGCC/detalhes-do-curso?id=1483

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Agora exibindo 1 - 5 de 9

Litigiosidade tributária e o comportamento dos analistas : impactos no otimismo, na acurácia e nas recomendações de investimentos
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-06-11) Araújo, Maurílio Arruda de; Martinez, Antonio Lopo ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9624-7646; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7735660007039816; Sarlo Neto, Alfredo ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6722-7192; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6622807481766856; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0175-6072; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9545691003416502; Reina, Donizete ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6217-2324; ttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6775492728267435; Moreira, Rafael de Lacerda ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4935080818009353; Bispo, Jorge de Souza ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1845-2473; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9357659868811983; Gatsios, Rafael Confetti ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4364-7157; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5432465387302084
This study aimed to investigate whether the uncertainties arising from tax litigation alter the expectations of financial analysts, based on an average sample of 192 Brazilian publicly traded companies – listed on B3, in the period from 2009 to 2023. Employing panel data models with fixed and random effects and Pooled OLS, corroborated by the Hausman, Chow and Breusch-Pagan tests and analyzing data from renowned sources, such as Comdinheiro, Economatica and Refinitiv Thomson Reuters Eikon, this study identifies a significant and non-negligible impact of tax litigation on errors, accuracy and analysts' recommendations regarding earnings forecasting. In addition, the survey identified that the service sector slightly presents the highest tax litigation among the economic sectors, while the trade sector presented the lowest; Companies that reported large losses, on the other hand, tend to have greater tax litigation. It can be inferred from the results that the uncertainty generated by tax litigation is associated with a reduction in the optimistic bias of analysts, leading to pessimism/conservatism due to the perception of risk due to uncertainties and ambiguities in the disclosures of tax contingencies – presenting a significant increase in accuracy and, consequently, a decrease in forecast error. In addition, it was identified that tax litigation influences the recommendations for the optimistic aspect, that is, analysts issue optimistic recommendations when including it in their assessments. Regarding the variations in recommendations over time, it can be seen that analysts tend to be more pessimistic. These crucial findings underscore the urgent need for proactive and strategically tuned tax management to improve the accuracy of financial forecasting, emphasizing the importance of integrating deep tax considerations into financial and investment strategies. Contributing significantly to the existing literature, this work seeks to generate new perspectives for future research on effective tax risk management and its decisive influence on business strategies. In the end. The detailed analysis was able to demonstrate that tax litigation represents a crucial factor that must be considered in the assessment of risks and in the formulation of effective financial strategies, aiming to optimize financial performance and mitigate the associated risks, reinforcing the importance of an integrated and strategic approach in tax management
Gerenciamento de resultados em instituições financeiras brasileiras : análises sob a perspectiva da teoria da escolha pública e da teoria dos ciclos políticos
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-04-16) Nascimento, Schleiden Pinheiro; Macedo, Marcelo Alvaro da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2071-8661; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4195343422847965; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4658-5636; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2542494473887889; Reina, Donizete ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6217-2324; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6775492728267435; Zuccolotto, Robson; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2629-5586; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5840211354831676; Queiroz, Dimas Barrêto de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8511-3420; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1286586781177803; Dantas, José Alves ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0577-7340; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4292408391743938
This thesis, composed of three studies, aims to analyze the existence of earnings management practices in Brazilian public financial institutions from the perspective of Public Choice Theory and Political Cycles Theory. The theoretical contribution of this research lies in linking the fields of accounting and political science. To delimit the scope of the study, financial institutions operating in Brazil between 2002 and 2023 were considered, provided they had at least ten years of data within this period. The methodology, with a quantitative approach using panel data with fixed effects and robust regression, was based on the application of two-stage econometric models. The positive relationship between the discretionary portion of the Loan Loss Provisions (LLP) and accounting earnings (excluding LLP) indicates the presence of earnings management among Brazilian financial institutions in general, through the practice of income smoothing via LLP. On the other hand, in public financial institutions, this relationship is negative, suggesting the adoption of Take a Bath or Big Bath Accounting practices. No evidence was found of earnings management in relation to political cycles. However, regarding earnings management from the perspective of political ideology, the findings suggest that right wing governments adopt earnings management practices like those of financial institutions in general, while left-wing governments follow practices more aligned with public financial institutions. All three studies converge in recognizing the centrality of discretionary LLP as a key instrument of earnings management in the banking sector. Both in the general context and in the specific analysis of public financial institutions, the discretion associated with this provision emerges as a relevant accounting practice influenced by institutional, economic, and political factors. This convergence reinforces the methodological robustness of the studies and their contribution to academic literature on the topic. Considering the limitations of this research, a qualitative approach is recommended for future studies to capture aspects not observed in the quantitative analyses
Dinâmicas dos impostos implícitos e ciclo de vida das empresas : uma análise quantitativa das corporações listadas na [B]3
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-02-22) Silva, Raimundo da; Martinez, Antonio Lopo ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9624-7646; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7735660007039816; Sarlo Neto, Alfredo ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6722-7192; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6622807481766856; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3746-8945; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Moreira, Rafael de Lacerda ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9963-0114; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4935080818009353; Reina, Donizete ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6217-2324; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6775492728267435 ; Rezende, Amaury José ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3057-6097; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8601479989110069; Carvalho Junior, César Valentim de Oliveira ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0387-0872; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5157332400230339
In national and international accounting-tax literature, most research focuses on obtaining evidence related to explicit taxes, with research on implicit taxes being little disseminated. Implicit taxes are conceptualized as lower pre-tax rates of return on investments that used tax incentives. Implicit tax theory further predicts that after-tax rates of return will be the same for all firms, in a perfectly competitive market. However, theory has already demonstrated that there are different levels of implicit taxes, given the existence of markets that are not perfectly competitive. On the other hand, the literature on the life cycle of companies has obtained evidence that profitability is maximized in the mature phase of the life cycle stages, with above-normal profits being generated, which makes competition from other companies more intense. By carrying out quantitative research on Brazilian companies listed on Brasil Bolsa Balcão - [B]3, and based on the interaction between the theory of implicit taxes and the theory of the company life cycle, this thesis sought to obtain evidence that Companies that are in the accounting-financial cycles of introduction, growth, shakeout and decline bear a lower implicit tax burden than companies that are in the accounting-financial cycle of maturity. This thesis also sought to obtain evidence whether companies are able to retain the benefits obtained from the use of tax incentives, given the lower implicit tax burden. In addition to Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), tests were also carried out using Quantile Regression (RQ), to obtain evidence whether the relationship between the various characteristics of the stages of the accounting-financial cycle and the effective tax rate varies with the throughout the distribution and to verify the existence of various levels of implicit taxes. The results obtained corroborated the proposed hypotheses, as well as being in line with the life cycle theory and the implicit tax theory. Thus, the results provided evidence that companies located in the accounting-financial cycles of introduction, growth, shakeout and decline have a lower implicit tax burden than companies in the mature accounting-financial cycle. Still in line with previous studies on implicit taxes, it was also found that companies in the accounting-financial cycles of introduction, growth, shakeout and decline are able to retain (pass on to shareholders) the tax benefits obtained by reducing their tax rates explicit, that is, implicit taxes do not completely eliminate the benefits obtained from the use of tax incentives. Likewise, the existence of several levels of implicit taxes can be seen, which is in line with previous studies, since the general framework of research on 6 implicit taxes supports that the more a market diverges from being perfectly competitive, the lower the proportion of implicit taxes
Influência das práticas ESG no ganho de relevância da informação contábil
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-12-18) Maria, Michele Monteiro Lirio; Zonatto, Vinícius Costa da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0823-6774; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1916486402947867; Reina, Diane Rossi Maximiano; Silva Filho, Alvim Borges da; Feitosa, Paulo Henrique Assis
This thesis is part of the Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) theme and aims to verify whether there is a gain in relevance in accounting information from the disclosure of ESG practices in publicly traded companies. The study aims to analyze whether the disclosure of these practices impacts Market Value, Earnings Persistence and Sustainable Growth Rate, in a temporal perspective (reflecting in a gain in relevance of the information disclosed over time). The research stands out by exploring the direct relationship between the disclosure of ESG practices (overall score and by factors E, S and G) and the gain in relevance of accounting information, through two perspectives of analysis of companies: internal and external. The internal perspective that portrays the operational result of organizational activities and the external perspective portrays the perception of investors in relation to companies. Institutional Theory is used as the central axis of the theoretical foundation, since it observes elements that support the reasons why companies practice and disclose their sustainability actions. The sample consists of 2,546 companies located in 23 countries, analyzed from 2013 to 2023, with data collected from the Refinitiv Eikon ® database. The results show that the ESG score did not show any gain in relevance in the long term with Market Value and Earnings Persistence, but showed a positive relationship when analyzed in the short and medium term with the Sustainable Growth Rate, both from an internal and external perspective. These findings reveal that, although the disclosure of ESG practices has the potential to generate a positive impact on organizational sustainability, the effect of these practices on accounting information and financial indicators depends on the maturity of the integration of ESG practices in companies and their capacity for institutionalization in the long term. In the analysis by factors, the E score showed a loss of relevance in accounting information when analyzed with Market Value and Earnings Persistence. The S score did not show statistical significance. The G score showed a gain in relevance in accounting information when analyzed with Earnings Persistence. These results suggest that, individually, the factors have distinct relationships with the variables analyzed in relation to the gain in relevance of accounting information. The analysis by factors with the Sustainable Growth Rate was positively related to the E score, but showed distinct relationships with the S and G scores. The results revealed that the disclosure of environmental practices has a greater impact in the short and medium term for stakeholders. Given the results, it can be inferred that the disclosure of ESG practices has a positive relationship with the variables, but without evidencing the existence of a gradual growth in this relationship over time indicating a gain in relevance of accounting information, where only the G score showed a positive relationship. These findings reveal important implications for the field of studies indicating that the adoption, relevance and disclosure of ESG practices depend not only on the implementation of the practices themselves, but on the way in which they are institutionalized and integrated into the culture and strategic management of organizations.
Isomorfismo e gerenciamento de impressões em mecanismos de compliance : uma análise em bancos com controle público listados na B3
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-03-26) Souza, Thiago Roozevelt de; Sauerbronn, Fernanda Filgueiras ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7932-2314; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8761482881522916; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8538-7878; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8837963935397473; Zuccolotto, Robson ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2629-5586; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5840211354831676; Silva, Vitor Correa da ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7199-029X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6271475885219096; Caldas, Antonio Vinicius Silva ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9980-5911; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6273351176715103 ; Dal Vesco, Delci Grapegia ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0818-3142; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3321706750568197
The adoption of laws such as Anti-Corruption Law and State-Owned Companies Law had a clear impact on the governance of Brazilian state-owned companies, through the improvement of compliance mechanisms, which deal with aspects of integrity, ethics and combating corruption. The process of adapting to new legislation by companies in the same economic sector and with government control can lead to behavior in which companies adopt practices similar to other organizations that are already, in some way, adapted to the environment. In this way, the project aims to understand how isomorphic mechanisms contributed to the construction of compliance mechanisms in state-owned banks listed on B3, and the research method adopted will be a qualitative research, which will use a documentary analysis. The results indicate that banks show great similarity in the implementation of integrity policies and that there is strong evidence regarding the implementation of impression management practices, given that the communication and public image strategies adopted by organizations are shaped by the intersection between the institutional and stakeholder demands

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