Doutorado em Engenharia Ambiental

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Navegando Doutorado em Engenharia Ambiental por Assunto "aerobic biodegradation"

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    Seleção de fungos produtores de lipases a partir de resíduos oleosos derivados do saneamento ambiental
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011-02-28) Rodrigues, Celson; Cassini, Sérvio Túlio Alves; Pinotti, Laura Marina; Keller, Regina de Pinho; Corrêa Junior, Ary; Krieger, Nadia
    The selection of fungi producing lipase from oily residues of environmental sanitation is the main objective of this work. Of 113 fungal isolates obtained, 75 were preselected as producers of lipase. Of these,16 were selected by the largest indices enzymatic and four by growth and response to rhodamine-B test, having quantified its specific lipolytic activity and biomass production in liquid cultive. The specific lipolytic activity varied from 0,13 ± 0,03 (F18: Rhizomucor sp.) to 18,06 ± 0,36 U.mg-1 (F2: Penicillium sp.). Then were quantified the specific lipolytic activity, biosurfactant activity, oils and greases contents and biomass production, by F2 and F18 , for 120 h, in liquid (LSF) and solid state fermentations (SSF). Peaks of activities were observed in two types of cultive, with 48 h of incubation. In LSF the lipolytic activities was 28,09 ± 0,25 (F2) and 0,25 ± 0,02 U.mg-1 (F18) and biosurfactant activity was 4,23 ± 0,27 (F2) and 5,00 ± 0,21 UE.mL-1 (F18) . In SSF , lipolytic activity was 34,11 ± 0,62 (F2) and 5,81 ± 0,25 mg. mL-1 (F18), biosurfactant activity was 8,58 ± 0,22 (F2) and 11,97 ± 0,95 UE.g-1 (F18), and the removal of oils and greases was 79,30 ± 0,43% (F2) and 71,50 ± 0,32% (F18). In the aerobic biodegradation of the oily residues of environmental sanitation, statistics differences (p = 0,05) were observed between residues, inoculants and patterns used. Positive correlation occurred between the production of CO2 and fungal biomass and negative, between these and the levels of oils and greases of substrates with soybean oil and frying residual oil, at 10, 20 and 30 days. Removal of oils and greases of 65,50, 74,16, 58,33 and 58,33% ocurred of the substrats with soybean oil and residual frying oil, inoculated with F2, and with scums of grease-trape of the Sewage Treatment Station and UFES Restaurant Universitaire, inoculated with F18, respectively. In substrates with soybean oil and scum of greasetrapes of the Restaurant Universitaire, the largest removal of oils and greases (83,33%), occurred with the inoculation and growth of F2 and F18 in the same bioreactor. These promising results suggest that both are valued as whole cell biocatalysts.