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Navegando Psicologia por Assunto "Acidentes de trânsito"
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- ItemA questão da direção automotiva após a ingestão de bebida alcoólica: considerações sobre ações estatais de enfrentamento(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-08-30) Nascimento, Andrea dos Santos; Menandro, Paulo Rogério Meira; Ciarallo, Cynthia Rejanne Correa Araújo; Rueda, ?Fabián Javier Marín; Araújo, Maristela Dalbello de; Rosa, Edinete MariaIn the psychological field of knowledge, Traffic Psychology is an area of professional specialization and recognized research. It was developed with primary focus on assessment of drivers, in a process involving marketing, social and scientific justifications. Questions risen by the growing complexity of conditions in which people live have generated new demands to be comprehended and faced in the fields of health, education, culture, social relations, and security. One of these questions addresses traffic accidents, which involve drivers of vehicles of all types, as well as adults and children as passengers or pedestrians. There are expressive evidences that driving after consumption of alcohol is associated with many accidents, which contributed to the aggregation of this problem to the Brazilian political agenda. Since 2 003, the state of Espírito Santo performs a set of enforcement and education actions to inhibit such practice, focusing on younger drivers. The present work focused on comprehending and analyzing the context of realizations and difficulties in which these governmental actions took place, according to the perception of interviewed people associated with this matter. The action program policymakers, action executors (military police-officers, Detran-ES technicians, and one commissioner), and young drivers were interviewed: twentyfive military police-officers, ten Detran-ES technicians who work in the program, sixty drivers with maximum age of 30years, three managers who took part on the formulation of the actions and one police commissioner. Results were organized and interpreted using content analysis, except for the narratives of military policeofficers, which were subjected to A lceste lexical analysis software. Results show that military police-officers, educators an d drivers perceive the results from the actions, as well as the difficulties faced, from different perspectives. Military policeofficers criticized operational aspects of enforcement actions and flaws and its legislation. Educators criticized the work conditions and the fact that their actions were not appreciated. Young drivers pointed excessive requirements in legislation, factors that should have been considered, and provide little indications of comprehension that they are in a context game in which the public and private aspect is essential. There is conformity in this picture regarding the insertions each group provided in the question, but still there were promising convergences. There was agreement regarding the proposition being well accepted by population. Evidences pointed that all admitted that driving under alcohol influence is an irresponsible act and they comprehend the risks involved. Participants in the three groups mentioned positive happenings regarding damage reduction.
- ItemAnálise de acidentes de trânsito de caminhoneiros na perspectiva da análise da atividade(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-08-17) Cunha, Kamilla Rocha; Moraes, Thiago Drumond; Andrade, Alexsandro Luiz de; Bianco, Mônica de FátimaThe road transport loads is extremely important to the economy, which causes truck accidents become are so important to be studied, when they happen they cause an economic damage and can be fatal for those involved. Thus, the objective of this research was to analyse the situations of traffic accidents of truck drivers from the perspective of health and the activity of labor. The research leaned on the idea that the causes of accidents should be analysed considering a lot of events, and not only the technical and human failures. It used the French ergonomic approach. The research consisted of two studies, the first one was aimed at trying to show the complex relationships labor-competence-accident through a survey of sociodemographic characteristics of the truck drivers, the competences that are most important for their work and their relationship with traffic accidents. The study gathered 198 truck drives, who awsered a closed questionnaire. The second study aimed to analyse the causes of traffic accidents of truck drivers and, then, propose effective forms of prevention based on the analysis of real activity of labor. In this one, 20 truck drivers were interviewed. The analyses of qualitative data from the interviews were based on the Método da Árvore de Causas. The results of both studies allowed the analysis of traffic accidents from the perspective of the own truck drivers. They indicate that accidents are not unicausais and its origins are more complex than what is observed in other studies. For workers, traffic accidents are more related to the way work is organized and pressures than with the individual factors. The work of the truck drivers proved to be a stressful profession. The research reinforces the idea of the importance to change the way the activity is done to avoid accidents and not only offer training sessions, although a proper training is also important. To prevent accidents, the most effective way is to perform focused training in activity and an intervention in the organization itself, which seek to change your goals and redefine what is expected of the truck driver.
- ItemNarrativas de carreira (e vida) em vítimas de acidentes de trânsito(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-05-03) Castilho, Jessica Dias; Andrade, Alexsandro Luiz de; Nascimento, Andrea dos Santos; Silva, Priscilla de Oliveira Martins; Oliveira, Manoela Ziebell deThis paper is structured in the format of two articles. The first article entitled "a review on return to work after traffic accidents" seeks to review the literature on the process of returning to work following traffic accident, on the basis of Capes and PubMed journals. The results pointed to the lack of articles on this theme in Brazilian studies, and the need for qualitative studies. There were also indications that a good perception of quality of life positively influenced return to work, while serious injuries and low expectation of return negatively affected this return. The second article entitled "Career (and Life) Narratives of Traffic Accident Victims" derives from a qualitative research carried out with people who had a traffic accident, in which they sought to understand the impacts of accidents on their careers and lives, through career narrative theory. The results indicated that going through a traffic accident negatively impacts the professional trajectories. Such people after a traumatic event like this went through moments of physical health recovery, which affected their jobs and careers.A conclusion related to the expectation of work for people who are victims of accidents and the scientific context of the career is the urgency to deepen this theme, so that we can think of alternative career guidance for these people, who because of the violence in traffic not only their bodies being affected, but also their lives and careers.