Psicologia

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http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17534
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia

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Telefone: (27) 4009 2501
URL do programa: http://www.psicologia.ufes.br/pos-graduacao/PPGP

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Navegando Psicologia por Assunto "Ação moral"

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    Desenvolvimento moral e trapaça: um estudo com crianças e adolescentes
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-08-28) Pessotti, Alice Melo; Alencar, Heloisa Moulin de; Ortega, Antonio Carlos; Queiroz, Flavio Silveira; Queiroz, Daiana Stursa de; Borges, Luciana Souza; Pylro, Simone Chabudee
    The human interest about the morality is not a new phenomenon, as discussions on this subject date back to ancient times, such as the reflections of Aristotle (384-322 BC / 1992). This research investigates the relationship between the level of moral development and cheating in children and adolescents using game of rules, based on Piaget's theory. 60 children and adolescents aged 5, 10 and 15 years of age from private schools on primary and secondary education levels in the city of Linhares / ES have participated in this study.For data collection it was used: (a) the Evaluation Instrument of Moral Development Level (EIMDL), (b) the traditional version of the board game guess who with children 5 to 10 years of age and another version of the game tailored for teenagers called “Noah's Ark”, and (c) Post-Game Interview script. The obtained data was analyzed in quantitative and qualitative terms, as the guidelines of Delval (2002) for surveys were conducted from clinical method. It was elaborated a criteria for assessing the Moral Development Level (MDL) and cheating, called analysis criteria of Cheating level (CL). The levels include the Level I, Level II and Level III. The results has shown an evolution in the participants moral development level, mainly to the 5 years old on Level I, at age 10, Level II and at age 15 Level II and III. Concerning the action of cheating, this behavior also tends to decrease with age, as most of the participants of age 5 cheat, whereas by those at age 10 such behavior is less frequent, and among those at age 15, there was no cheating. Regarding the judgment of the action itself, the minority of participants who cheated confessed the crime. The results of trickery level indicated that most children at age 5 have remained at Level I, while the 10-year-olders were divided on all other levels, and among adolescents, again it has happened a predominance of the highest levels.Regarding the level of moral development and the cheating level there were mainly a correspondence of the two levels in the participants of age 5 and 10 years old and a better result in the cheating level relative to the level of moral development in participants of age 15. The higher the age is it becomes clear that the action is more developed than moral thinking, as noted by Piaget (1932/1994). Based on this finding, it is undeniable the importance of intervention through educative projects in moral values to promote reflections on issues and moral behavior in order to stimulate the construction of autonomous and ethical values.
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    Reflexividade moral: a relação entre consciência reflexiva e ações morais
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-05-28) Moreira, Luana Vianez; Souza, Mariane Lima de; Guerra, Valeschka Martins; Jardim, Adriano Pereira; Borges, Luciana Souza
    As a result of evolving mechanisms of social learning, the monitoring of personal and social standards appropriate to a person composes the essence of what makes him who he is. This dissertation aimed to investigate the intricate relationship between reflexivity and morality. A research was conducted in a virtual format, duly approved by the Research Ethics Committee. A total of 721 Brazilian adults participated in the study. The results are presented and discussed in three articles. Article 1, entitled Evidence of validity of a Brazilian version of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire (FMQ), aimed to adapt and validate the Moral Foundations Questionnaire (QFM) for the Brazilian context. For that, two quantitative studies were performed, in which the data were submitted to exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis. Although a five-factor structure was expected, the two factors found presented satisfactory psychometric characteristics, approaching a hierarchical model. Article 2, titled Self-perception, empathy and moral self-concept predict moral concerns in adults., correlated scales of self-awareness, empathy, and moral self-concept to QFM, in which data were subjected to correlation and regression analyzes. The results indicated that the way in which individuals care for others and the groups they belong to seems to be strongly related to the moral concept that one has of oneself and to the emotions one is able to process in everyday situations involving moral issues . The opposition found between moral intuition and metacognitive processes supports evidence for the theory of moral foundations on which QFM is based. Article 3, entitled Reflexivity on moral actions in adults: a phenomenological-semiotic study, followed a qualitative methodology, according to the criteria of phenomenologysemiotics. The moral reflexivity presented itself as a complex psychological phenomenon, with qualities such as being mediated by implicit and explicit processes and modulated by feelings, and can be governed by internal or external control. Moreover, it has proved to be a phenomenon capable of generating cognitive dissonances on the one hand, and personal senses for moral action, on the other hand. In general, it is concluded that reflexivity can influence both intuitive judgments and moral actions; on the other hand, an intentional action is capable of exerting influence on intuitive judgments, reflexivity and self, especially if this moral content (or transgressor).