Mestrado Profissional em Gestão e Regulação de Recursos Hídricos

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Navegando Mestrado Profissional em Gestão e Regulação de Recursos Hídricos por Autor "Goncalves, Monica Amorim"

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    A eficácia da legislação federal em relação aos efeitos dos impactos biofísicos provocados por barramentos fluviais
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-11-08) Balarine, Angelina; Barroso, Gilberto Fonseca; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4886-4890; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505958970169325; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0176-4382; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0854169065527402; Goncalves, Monica Amorim; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7453-7123; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5619914059734915; Santana, Stella Emery; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5947-9787; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3914296800902032
    Fluvial fragmentation, practiced since the beginning with several purposes such as the generation of electric energy, the water reservoir, and flood control, generates numerous biophysical impacts on the environment, and specifically on the river network and aquatic ecosystems downstream. The advancement of scientific knowledge on the water theme and the management of river networks should foster the improvement of the Brazilian legal framework to guarantee the minimization of such impacts in the country, since such a framework is focused on water availability issues, neglecting the environmental impacts. The present study proposed to confront the biophysical impacts of fluvial fragmentation, described in the literature, with the existing federal legal norms in Brazil, to evaluate the effectiveness of the Brazilian legal regulation in face of such impacts. As a result, no legislation was devoted to fragmentation or river barrage in Brazil, with predictions of impacts found only in council resolutions. Therefore, the present work pointed out the need to create a specific federal law aimed at dealing with the biophysical impacts of river fragmentation in Brazil
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    Planejamento dos recursos hídricos: análise da qualidade democrática com foco na comunicação
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-01-22) Fernandes, Simone Alves; Rabelo, Desiree Cipriano; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9399-8313; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2092473450223674; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0270687139138162; Goncalves, Monica Amorim; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7453-7123; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5619914059734915; Lacerda, Fatima Kzam Damaceno de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3990-7665; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4276464190181885
    Law No. 9,433 / 1997 established the National Water Resources Policy (PNRH), which, among other changes, defined the river basin as a territorial unit, created the river basin committees and defined the management instruments. Among these instruments, there are the Water Resources Plan (PRH, in Portuguese) and the classification of water bodies. The elaboration of both instruments must rely on the participation of public authorities, users and communities in the construction of a collective agreement on the water use. This involves mobilizing these actors and creating conditions for the information’s production and circulation, debates and decision-making - always from a democratic perspective. In other words, it is necessary to launch a broad communication process, with different strategies, means, and tools to reach different audiences and society in general. This process must allow the various actors to have access not only to information but also to effective dialogues channels that enable conflicts to be faced regarding the different uses of water resources and to seek consensual solutions. The purpose of this article is to investigate the relationship between communication and the democratic quality of water resources planning processes. For this, we have taken as a study object the hydrographic basins of Santa Maria da Vitória (SMV) and Jucu, both rivers of Espírito Santo. Using the qualitative and descriptive methodology, we have analyzed the documents produced in the mentioned planning activities. And we have conducted interviews with relevant stakeholders. Data analysis was carried out considering the authors who have dealt with communication and social mobilization in the perspective of citizenship. We also have considered Brazilian legal guidelines and international institutions for participation in water resources management. The analysis results pointed out to a communication centered on the mass media, without articulation with the levels of group and personal communication to amplify the mobilization. Unidirectional flows prevail, including the use of New Communication Technologies. Despite the proposal to involve the various actors, there are no investments in languages other than those of a technical-scientific nature, as well as the construction of the basin identity using symbolic elements is disregarded. With this research, we hope to contribute to the democratic quality of the processes of elaborating classification and PRHs in the dimension related to communication.
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    PLANEJAMENTO DOS RECURSOS HÍDRICOS: ANÁLISE DA QUALIDADE DEMOCRÁTICA COM FOCO NA DIVERSIDADE DOS PARTICIPANTES
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-01-21) Barbosa, Adriane Oliveira Santos; Rabelo, Desiree Cipriano; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2092473450223674; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Goncalves, Monica Amorim; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5619914059734915; Lacerda, Fatima Kzam Damaceno de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
    This study begins from one of the great challenges of the National System of Water Resources Management (Sistema Nacional de Gerenciamento de Recursos Hídricos - SINGREH), to promote social participation, especially of the civil society and of the users of the SINGREH, in the elaboration of basin plans. The general objective of this work was to analyze the democratic quality of the water resources planning processes in relation to the participating actors and segments. The object of analysis was the elaboration process of the Framing of Water Bodies and the Water Resources Plan in the water basins of the “Jucu” and “Santa Maria da Vitória” rivers in Espírito Santo state, Brazil. The analysis of the democratic quality of this participatory process focused on the criterion "diversity of participants". In addition to the authors who approach participatory democracy in Brazil in the perspective of power sharing, this study was also based on the foundations of Law 9.433/1997, which instituted the Water Resources National Policy; the resolutions of the Water Resources National Council, which deals with Framing of Water Bodies and Water Resources Plan; the recommendations of international organizations; and the elements of the democratic quality of participatory processes. This is a qualitative research developed through bibliographical studies and analysis of documents related to the process in perspective, and also through interviews with strategic actors that followed the process. The research concluded that the participatory mapping of basin strategic actors and the social mobilization plan did not guarantee the expected attendances, not even the members of the committees attended the various events. As a result, emptying of public meetings, as well as low representation, especially of users and communities, were observed. In general, there was the dispersion of the participants and the lack of interest of the population. The absences and the lack of representativeness of the strategic actors of the basin call into question the very essence of a water resources plan: the construction of a collective pact on water management. The need to intensify processes of social mobilization and of social and technical learning for managers, technicians, basin committees, and for society itself is thus verified, so that everyone feels properly responsible for the water resources management. We hope to contribute to the improvement of the democratic quality of the participatory processes of water resources planning through this work.
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    Planejamento dos recursos hídricos: análise da qualidade democrática com foco nos níveis de participação
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-01-21) Bissoli, Ana Paula Alves; Rabelo, Desiree Cipriano; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9399-8313; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2092473450223674; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7672-7220; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1239766276661709; Goncalves, Monica Amorim; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7453-7123; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5619914059734915; Lacerda, Fatima Kzam Damaceno de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3990-7665; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4276464190181885
    Law 9,433 / 1997, which established the National Policy for Water Resources (PNRH, in Portuguese), predicted several collegiate decision-making bodies and also the management instruments to be developed, incorporating debates with different society segments. We recognize here a double challenge: to better understand the limits, possibilities and effectiveness of participatory institutions in Brazil – regarding water resources councils and river basin committees (CBHs); and to promote and qualify the participation of civil society and water users in particular. All these issues are highlighted in the elaboration and approval for the classification of water bodies and Water Resources Plans (PRH, in Portuguese). Considering that the democratic quality of the participatory processes is the result of different factors, in this article, we specifically dealt with the participatory methods in the planning instruments provided by PNRH. Regarding the various meanings attributed to "participatory", for this analysis, we assumed the approach of participation levels or degrees: information, consultation, and active involvement. These are increasing levels of empowerment or power-sharing and are not always guaranteed in participatory instances. Our study object consisted in the elaboration process for the inclusion and PRH of the hydrographic basins of Santa Maria da Vitória (SMV) river and Jucu river, both in the state of Espírito Santo. The qualitative research used bibliographical and documentary surveys (especially regarding the materials produced during the planning) and interviews with strategic actors from both basins. Although characterized as "participatory", the process analysis identified problems at the most basic level of participation: information. This compromises the query results carried out and mainly the active involvement. With the analysis of the possibilities, limits, and effectiveness of each level of participation, we expect to contribute to the improvement of the democratic quality of the participatory water resources planning processes conducted within the CBHs