Saúde Coletiva

URI Permanente desta comunidade

http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17584

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva

Centro: CCS
Telefone: (27) 3335 7287
URL do programa: http://www.saudecoletiva.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGSC

Navegar

Agora exibindo 1 - 5 de 5

Análise do percurso terapêutico de idosos portadores de catarata: pesquisa nacional de saúde, Brasil, 2019
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-01-01) Coelho, Roberta Goltara; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/
Introduction: Cataracts are the leading cause of reversible blindness and represent a major public health challenge in Brazil. Associated with population aging and social inequalities, the disease affects millions of people and has a significant impact on the Unified Health System (SUS). There is a scarcity of national analyses focusing on the therapeutic itinerary (care pathway) for individuals with cataracts. This gap can be addressed using data from the 2019 National Health Survey (PNS). Such analyses can contribute to identifying the magnitude of the condition and the differences in access to diagnosis and surgical treatment in Brazil. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cataract diagnosis and associated factors, as well as the indication and effective performance of corrective surgery among Brazilian residents aged 60 and over. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, population-based study using data from the 2019 National Health Survey (PNS). The prevalence rates of cataract diagnosis, surgical indication, and surgical undertaking were calculated. Crude and adjusted Prevalence Ratios (PRs) were estimated using Poisson regression with robust variance for sociodemographic and regional factors. The final sample included 22,728 older adults. Results: Among the study participants, 40.4% (95% CI: 39.7–41.1) had a clinical diagnosis of cataract. Among these, the largest proportion (83.3%; 95% CI: 82.5–84.1) received an indication for surgical treatment, which demonstrates the recognition of the therapeutic need. However, a relevant barrier was observed in access to the subsequent stage: only 73.2% (95% CI: 72.1–74.2) of individuals with an indication for surgery actually underwent the procedure. Thus, it was found that more than a quarter (26.9%; 95% CI: 25.8–27.9) of cases requiring intervention did not complete the care pathway. Final considerations: This study highlighted the high prevalence of cataracts among older adults in Brazil and the barriers to accessing surgery, marked by social and regional inequalities. The findings reinforce the need to strengthen primary care, modernize regulatory mechanisms, and expand funding for eye health to ensure equity and reduce the burden of preventable blindness in the country.
Análise epidemiológica da Covid-19 em indígenas aldeados do Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-09-24) Siqueira, Priscila Carminati; Sales, Carolina Maia Martins ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2879-5621; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3613476296412930; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4826-3355; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3761398932271892; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/
Introduction: Indigenous peoples are more vulnerable to illness and death from COVID 19, since infectious and parasitic diseases rank among the main causes of mortality in these populations, especially when compared to other ethnic and racial groups. This vulnerability is intensified by their collective way of life, cultural traditions that favor the spread of SARS-CoV-2 within communities, as well as social inequalities, difficulties in accessing health services, and the geographic locations of the villages. General objective: To analyze the epidemiology of COVID-19 among the Indigenous population living in villages in the state of Espírito Santo, from 2020 to 2024. Methods: This thesis is structured in the form of four scientific manuscripts, each with a specific objective. Accordingly, each manuscript adopts its own methodological procedures, which together comprise the overall research results and are presented in detail in the individual description of each product. Results: The scoping review initially identified 2,224 studies, resulting in a final sample of 47 publications. The countries with the largest number of studies were the United States, Brazil, and Mexico, with a concentration in 2021 (42.6%). A higher number of deaths was observed among Indigenous males over 60 years of age. The most prevalent comorbidities were cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. Incidence and mortality rates were higher among Indigenous peoples compared to other racial groups. The completeness analysis of COVID-19 notification forms for Indigenous villagers in Espírito Santo in 2020 showed “excellent” completeness (65.3%), although “very poor” completeness was found in 19.2% of the evaluated items, indicating that some variables in the forms had low data recording quality. The epidemiological profile analysis of the Indigenous population in Espírito Santo from 2020 to 2024 showed a cumulative incidence rate of 30,860.07 per 100,000 inhabitants, mortality rate of 118.09 per 100,000 inhabitants, and a case fatality rate of 0.38%. The highest concentration of COVID-19 cases in this population occurred in 2022, with a downward trend in the following years. Women (55.74%) and Tupiniquim individuals (92.28%) predominated, with the age group of 18–59 years (65.05%) and a mean age of 31.5 years. Deaths occurred in individuals aged ≥18 years, being more frequent among those aged ≥80 years (13.64%, p<0.001), with a mean age at death of 74 years. The highest incidences were recorded in the villages of Pau Brasil, Boa Esperança, and Caieiras Velha. The villages of Guaxindiba, Novo Brasil, and Olho d’Água reported no cases of the disease. The highest mortality and case fatality rates occurred in the village of Areal (395.25 per 100,000 inhabitants; 3.84%). Conclusion: Indigenous peoples present a complex and dynamic health profile, directly related to historical processes of social, economic, and environmental change, linked to the expansion and consolidation of demographic and economic frontiers of society across different regions of Brazil. Over the centuries, these frontiers have exerted significant influence on the determinants of Indigenous health, whether through the introduction of new pathogens causing severe epidemics, the usurpation of territories hindering or preventing subsistence, or the persecution and killing of individuals and even entire communities. Currently, other challenges to Indigenous health have emerged, such as chronic non-communicable diseases, environmental contamination, and food sustainability difficulties. Therefore, it is essential to implement public policies aimed at controlling risk factors within communities, expanding access to health services, and strengthening vaccination campaigns, in order to prevent new outbreaks of COVID-19 and other vaccine-preventable diseases in the villages
Prevalência de depressão, falta de acesso, utilização e trajetória nos serviços de saúde por mulheres no período pandêmico
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-11-14) Fraga, Emily de Jesus; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/
The COVID-19 pandemic has had negative impacts on the mental health of the population and altered the functioning of health services. Access to care is crucial for prognosis, affecting not only individuals' lives but also collective well-being. In this context, depression stands out as the leading cause of global disability, generating high social costs and putting pressure on health systems. Therefore, it is essential to recognize the factors 6 associated with access to health services by people with this diagnosis. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and identify the factors associated with the diagnosis of depression and lack of access to medical care, as well as to describe the profile of health service use by women with this diagnosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in the city of Vitória (ES). Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,107 women aged 18 years or older, residing in Vitória (ES). Prevalence rates were estimated with respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Bivariate analyses were performed for the three outcomes, and associations involving dichotomous outcomes were assessed using the Rao–Scott chi-square test. Poisson regression was applied to evaluate factors associated with the diagnosis of depression. Results: The prevalence of depression diagnosis was 19.0% (95% CI: 16.8 – 21.4), being more than three times higher among women with negative self-rated health (PR: 3.84; IC95% 2.68-5.50). It was also higher among those without a partner (PR: 1.65; IC95% 1.30 - 2.09) and among those with private health insurance (PR: 1.78; IC95% 1.40 - 2.26). Lack of access to medical care was 4.8% (95% CI: 2.2 - 10.0), with higher proportions among women belonging to economic class D/E (33.3%; 95% CI: 8.4 - 73.1), with low education (25.0%; 95% CI: 6.6 - 61.0) and among those without health insurance (12.1%; 95% CI: 5.7 - 23.7). UBSs were most used among women aged 40 to 59 years (57.4%; 95% CI: 44.2 - 69.6), with elementary school education (80.0%; 95% CI: 54.9 -92.9), black (73.1%; 95% CI: 52.2 - 87.1), mixed-race (50.0%; 95% CI: 35.4-64.6), and belonging to class D/E (100%). Private clinics were more frequent among women aged 18 to 39 years (64.2%; 95% CI: 50.2–76.1), with higher education (59.7%; 95% CI: 49.4-69.2), white (71.0%; 95% CI: 60.0 - 81.0) and in class A/B (60.9%; 95% CI: 50.1 - 70.7). Conclusion: The study highlights the impact of the pandemic on the diagnosis of depressive disorders and demonstrates that sociodemographic factors influence both the occupation of spaces in society and the attention given to mental health complaints. In addition, it highlights the fundamental role of the SUS in reducing these inequalities by expanding access to health services, especially for historically marginalized groups
Táticas de resolução de conflitos entre mães e filhos : prevalência e fatores associados
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-10-03) Silva, Laura Fontes; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/
Introduction: Family violence in any form increases the likelihood of other manifestations of domestic violence. The victim’s social context may act as either a risk or a protective factor for revictimization. Objective: To investigate the association between parental conflict resolution tactics adopted by mothers, their sociodemographic characteristics, and lifetime experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) in families with children up to 19 years of age living in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Methods: This study derives from a cross-sectional, population-based survey titled “Violence against women in Vitória, Espírito Santo: A population-based study”. Data were collected in 2022 through face-to-face interviews with 418 mothers aged 18 years or older, residents of Vitória. Results: Findings revealed a high prevalence of violent tactics in parental conflict resolution, although non-violent discipline was the most frequent, indicating a mixed strategy in conflict management. IPV in all its forms was positively associated with violent maternal tactics in parent child conflicts. Conclusions: The use of violent maternal practices in parental conflict resolution is linked to IPV victimization across all typologies and associated with sociodemographic variables. These findings highlight the intergenerational and contextual dimensions of family violence
Tendência temporal da mortalidade por acidente vascular cerebral na população residente do estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil: uma análise com a regressão joinpoint entre o período de 2000 e 2021
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-07-28) Mpuhua, Casanova André Motopa; Souza, Orivaldo Florêncio de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Abreu, Luiz Carlos de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7618-2109; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Daboin, Blanca Elena Guerrero; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6819-3900; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Rocha, João Batista Francalino da; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
INTRODUCTION: stroke is one of the leading causes of death and acquired disability worldwide. Each year, 17 million people suffer a stroke, resulting in 6.5 million deaths, while millions more face the disease, bringing the total number of survivors to 80 million. In Brazil, stroke is the leading cause of death among adults, accounting for 10% of hospital admissions to public hospitals. Despite the reduction in overall mortality from stroke, the absolute number of cases, deaths and years of life lost continues to grow, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. OBJECTIVE: to analyze the trend of mortality due to stroke in the population of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, between 2000 and 2021. METHODS: this is an ecological time series study using secondary data on the population of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, from 2000 to 2021. Data on deaths by sex and age group during this period were obtained from the database of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), on the website https://datasus.saude.gov.br/informacoes-de-saude-tabnet/. The focus of the study was to analyze deaths whose underlying cause was stroke, coded as I64 in the International Classification of Diseases, 10th version. The temporal trend of strokes was assessed using joinpoint regression analysis with the Regression Joinpoint software. RESULTS: in the state of Espírito Santo, from 2000 to 2021, there was a significant decrease in proportional mortality from stroke of -3.7% (95% CI: -5.8%; - 1.7%), with a p-value <0.001. This decline was observed both in males, with a reduction of -3.0% (95% CI: -4.2%; -1.7%), and in females, which recorded a decrease of -3.9% (95% CI: -5.6%; -2.2%). Among the age groups analyzed, the group aged 50 to 59 years stood out, which showed the greatest decline in proportional mortality from stroke, with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of -4.9 (95% CI: -8.4; -1.4). In contrast, the 30–39 age group showed the smallest decline, with a VPMA of -2.4 (95% CI: -4.2; -0.5). No segments of change in proportional stroke mortality were identified in the 40–49, 60–69, and 70–79 age groups during the study period. CONCLUSION: there was a decline in stroke mortality rates, with a long-term downward trend, in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, during the period analyzed. The interrupted trend analysis revealed two segments for stroke mortality from 2000 to 2016, with a decreasing trend, and from 2016 to 2021, with an increasing trend.

Navegar

Navegando Saúde Coletiva por Autor "3º membro da banca"

Resultados por página

Opções de Ordenação