Tendência temporal da mortalidade por acidente vascular cerebral na população residente do estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil: uma análise com a regressão joinpoint entre o período de 2000 e 2021
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Data
2024-07-28
Autores
Mpuhua, Casanova André Motopa
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
INTRODUCTION: stroke is one of the leading causes of death and acquired disability worldwide. Each year, 17 million people suffer a stroke, resulting in 6.5 million deaths, while millions more face the disease, bringing the total number of survivors to 80 million. In Brazil, stroke is the leading cause of death among adults, accounting for 10% of hospital admissions to public hospitals. Despite the reduction in overall mortality from stroke, the absolute number of cases, deaths and years of life lost continues to grow, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. OBJECTIVE: to analyze the trend of mortality due to stroke in the population of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, between 2000 and 2021. METHODS: this is an ecological time series study using secondary data on the population of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, from 2000 to 2021. Data on deaths by sex and age group during this period were obtained from the database of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), on the website https://datasus.saude.gov.br/informacoes-de-saude-tabnet/. The focus of the study was to analyze deaths whose underlying cause was stroke, coded as I64 in the International Classification of Diseases, 10th version. The temporal trend of strokes was assessed using joinpoint regression analysis with the Regression Joinpoint software. RESULTS: in the state of Espírito Santo, from 2000 to 2021, there was a significant decrease in proportional mortality from stroke of -3.7% (95% CI: -5.8%; - 1.7%), with a p-value <0.001. This decline was observed both in males, with a reduction of -3.0% (95% CI: -4.2%; -1.7%), and in females, which recorded a decrease of -3.9% (95% CI: -5.6%; -2.2%). Among the age groups analyzed, the group aged 50 to 59 years stood out, which showed the greatest decline in proportional mortality from stroke, with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of -4.9 (95% CI: -8.4; -1.4). In contrast, the 30–39 age group showed the smallest decline, with a VPMA of -2.4 (95% CI: -4.2; -0.5). No segments of change in proportional stroke mortality were identified in the 40–49, 60–69, and 70–79 age groups during the study period. CONCLUSION: there was a decline in stroke mortality rates, with a long-term downward trend, in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, during the period analyzed. The interrupted trend analysis revealed two segments for stroke mortality from 2000 to 2016, with a decreasing trend, and from 2016 to 2021, with an increasing trend.
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Acidente vascular cerebral , Mortalidade , Epidemiologia