Mestrado em Saúde Coletiva

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    Análise epidemiológica e econômica do absenteísmo por transtornos mentais no poder judiciário estadual entre 2013 e 2022
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-08-08) Silva, Giovana Cosme Dantas da; Viana, Maria Carmen Moldes; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0464-4845; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4338126917250074; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1905-4028; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4808829325186471; Abreu, Luiz Carlos de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7618-2109; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6796970691432850; Aprelini, Carla Moronati de Oliveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4812-374X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0108134416465854; Corassa, Rafael Belló; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9413-7400; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3152440971038382
    Introduction: Mental disorders are among the main causes of absenteeism due to illness in the world of work, which results in reduced labor productivity and increased occupational, social and economic costs in several countries. Objective: To analyze absenteeism due to mental di sorders and estimate its indirect cost among permanent employees of a Judiciary branch of Esp írito Santo who were absent from work due to this diagnosis, from 2013 to 2022. Methods: This is a serial, analytical, cross-sectional epidemiological study and a partial health economic analysis of absences from work due to sick leave due to mental disorders, based on secondary data from judges and permanent employees who worked in the branch between January 2013 and December 2022. Sociodemographic, occupational, and epidemiological data were extracted, and the occurrence and distribution of absent workers, sick leave, and days absent from work were calculated by ICD F, according to sociodemographic and occupational characteristics. Descriptive analyses of qualitative variables were expressed as absolute and relative frequen cies, and quantitative variables were expressed as means and medians. The calculation of sickness absenteeism indicators due to mental disorders was performed according to the recom mendations of the International Association on Occupational Health (ICOH, 1973) and Hensing et al. (1998), and the prevalence and indirect costs of absences due to this diagnosis during the period, according to the Human Capital Approach. The analysis of the association between the independent variables (sociodemographic and occupational characteristics) and the outcome (absence due to mental disorders) was performed by calculating the gross prevalence ratio per year. Results: The percentages of workers on sick leave due to mental disorders, occurrences of leaves, and days of absence due to this diagnosis remained predominant among females, middle-aged (50 to 59 years old), married or in a stable union, White, with a higher education degree or higher, in the analyst position, and with 21 years or more of service in the agency. In 2021 and 2022, the highest rates of leave duration (48 days and 51 days, respectively) and absence duration per person (89 days and 100 days, respectively) occurred. Over 10 years, a total of 67,338 workdays were lost due to any mental disorder, representing 25.6% of all days of absence due to sick leave for any diagnosis and an economic cost to the treasury of R$27,528,800.66. Mood disorders generated the greatest loss of productivity (35,398 days – 52.6%) among the ICD 10 F00-F99 diagnostic groups. The factors most associated with a higher prevalence of absences due to mental disorders over the years were female gender, age between 50 and 59 years, divorced/widowed marital status, lower education level, analyst po sition, and longer service time at the agency. Conclusion: mental disorders are one of the main causes of absenteeism and illness among judges and civil servants in the Judiciary, a population that has been little studied from an epidemiological point of view, with considerable repercus sions on productivity and the public treasury
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    Percepção dos profissionais de saúde de um hospital universitário em relação às pessoas privadas de liberdade e usuários de drogas
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-08-01) Marson, Carla Neves; Santos, Marcos Vinicius Ferreira dos; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9788-660X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3361334188486592 ; Siqueira, Marluce Mechelli de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6706-5015; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5309001654924097; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8884-6286; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3620010396923370; Rosa, Pablo Ornelas; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9075-3895; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1908091180713668; Barros, Maria Elizabeth Barros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1908967025244386
    Introduction: Access to health care for people deprived of freedom is a delicate issue, due to the precarious structural conditions of prisons, and a complex one, as it encompasses various actors and the specificities of incarceration. Analyzing this issue means understanding the context of inequality and vulnerability of this population and how public policies affect these people. In relation to drug users, in recent years we have experienced various movements of progress and setbacks related to the National Policy on Drugs. Thus, there are still challenges in caring for people who use psychoactive substances, which goes beyond health and social assistance, also involving justice and public security, areas that have a strong influence on the care practices currently adopted. Objective: To understand the perception of health professionals working in a university hospital regarding people deprived of freedom and users of alcohol and other drugs, analyzing factors that facilitate and hinder the provision of care to these people. Methodology: This is an exploratory, descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with eighteen health professionals of both sexes and various specialties at a university hospital, in the outpatient, surgical and maternity services. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and organized according to Bardin's content analysis. We used the theoretical framework of vulnerability in health and human rights, which analyzes the individual, social and pragmatic dimensions and how much and how governments regulate and enforce these rights. Results: Relationships in the health-disease-care process, although consolidated in the service network and work routines, are still sensitive to the structural conditions of the institution and the specificities of the subjects. Stigmas and discrimination appear as social markers of difference, gender, race, social class and their intersections associated with illness. The professionals assume that there are limitations in their work, such as professional unpreparedness, lack of specific knowledge and patient management. For improvements, they point to multidisciplinary action, coordination with the service network and team training. Conclusion: Despite the progress made in caring for people deprived of freedom and people who use drugs, health actions must work to reduce vulnerabilities, without neglecting the fight against social inequalities and the protection of human rights. It is necessary to overcome institutional and personal barriers, the biological approach in the health-disease relationship and include social participation in order to consolidate a perspective that promotes and enhances the autonomy of individuals and expands their capacity to live with dignity.
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    Relação entre o acesso à triagem neonatal e a nutrição de crianças menores de seis meses
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-08-01) Alves, Beatriz Ferrari; Vieira, Tamires dos Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3899-3664; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9014510901567961; Abreu, Luiz Carlos de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7618-2109; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6796970691432850; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6486-6618; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3183488153695930 ; Silva, Adriana Madeira Alvares da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8078-0304; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6445492335035108; Rocha, João Batista Francalino da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0361-6391; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3011622850831237; Silva, Janaína Paula Costa da; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3801-6967; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7153367589674436
    Introduction: Exclusive breastfeeding until six months, as recommended by the WHO, still shows low prevalence in Brazil. Early introduction of complementary foods is associated with risks of overweight, obesity, consumption of ultra-processed foods, and reflects social inequalities, influenced by factors such as low maternal education, lower income, and limited access to health services. Objective: To analyze the relationship between early complementary feeding in infants under six months, neonatal care, and socioeconomic conditions. Method: Cross-sectional study using data from the National Health Survey (PNS). The chi-square test and Poisson regression were applied to estimate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios. A significance level of p < 0.05 was adopted. Results: Exclusive breastfeeding was observed in 31.9% of infants, while 61.2% received non-nutritive liquids. Most families had a per capita income below two minimum wages. Delays in neonatal screening and high vaccine incompleteness (96.9% for the pentavalent vaccine) were identified. Conclusion: Early complementary feeding was associated with failures in neonatal care and unfavorable socioeconomic conditions. The findings highlight the need for integrated public policies that promote equity and support adequate feeding practices from the beginning of life.
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    Violência no namoro entre adolescentes do ensino médio de uma Região Metropolitana no Sudeste do Brasil: estudo de base escolar
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-06-27) Pinto, Isaura Barros Alves; Leite, Franciéle Marabotti Costa; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6171-6972; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7170760158919766; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1893-7016; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1612302987159051; Laignier, Mariana Rabello; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8493-872X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9400600161821385; Francisco, Rita Mafalda Costa; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9101-523X; ; Pedroso, Márcia Regina de Oliveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2859-159X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2028592698652925; Malta, Daniela Vieira; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1595-714X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6048904577614788
    Introduction: Dating violence (DV) refers to intimate partner violence occurring between individuals in a close relationship, encompassing physical, emotional, or sexual abuse (including stalking). It also includes abusive behaviors in non-marital intimate relationships, whether heterosexual or homosexual, during early dating stages. DV can occur in person or electronically (e.g., through harassing messages or non-consensual sharing of intimate images online). Harmful relationships may emerge early and persist throughout life, leading to physical, emotional, and psychological trauma with short-, medium-, and long-term consequences. Multiple factors beyond the couple’s relationship—such as personal history and social context—contribute to dating abuse. Objectives: This study aimed to (1) review scientific literature on adolescent dating violence and (2) estimate the prevalence of physical and sexual DV among high school students in the metropolitan region of Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, while examining associations with sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral factors, and prior experiences of violence. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted between March and December 2023, using stratified cluster sampling of students from public and private high schools who were in romantic relationships. Data were collected via structured REDCap questionnaires administered on tablets. Outcome variables included physical and sexual DV. Analyses included descriptive statistics, bivariate tests (Pearson’s Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests), and multivariate logistic regression, with calculation of crude and adjusted Odds Ratios (aOR), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and significance levels (p ≤ 0.05) using Stata 17.0. Results: The narrative review synthesized existing knowledge on DV, highlighting its occurrence across diverse contexts and its association with multiple risk factors. Among 1,238 adolescents (aged 14–19), 5.7% (95% CI: 4.5–7.1) reported physical DV, with higher prevalence among males (7.0%) than females (5.2%). Significant associations were found with age (>16 years), substance use, and prior bullying exposure (p Conclusion: The study highlights the alarming prevalence of physical and sexual DV among adolescents, emphasizing the urgent need for interventions to address violence in young romantic relationships. Early victimization can negatively impact emotional, social, and psychological development, underscoring the importance of prevention strategies. < 0.05). For sexual DV, 7.8% (95% CI: 6.4–9.4) reported victimization, with higher prevalence among females (9.3%) and non-heterosexual adolescents. Significant correlates included sexual activity, substance use, and prior bullying/cyberbullying (p < 0.05)
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    Entre grades e iniquidades: o racismo como fator determinante no tratamento da tuberculose no sistema prisional brasileiro
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-07-10) Corrêa, Milena de Oliveira; Possuelo, Lia Gonçalves; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-3678; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9903194013924888; Prado, Thiago Nascimento do; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8132-6288; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6388559394015871; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1014-1133; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2869267932672265; Lima, Rita de Cassia Duarte; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5931-398X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2384472795664270; Moura, Heriederson Savio Dias; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7654-2402; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5096353969767784
    Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease with a high incidence of cases mainly in vulnerable populations, especially people deprived of their liberty (PPL). Although curable, TB continues to be one of the main causes of death from infectious diseases, exacerbated by factors such as immunosuppression, precarious conditions and structural racism. Objective: To map and identify the scientific evidence on racism in the outcome of TB treatment in the poor. Methodology: This is a scoping review guided by the recommendations of the Joan Briggs Institute (JBI) and structured according to the PRISMA-ScR roadmap, in studies published between 2014 and 2024. The search was carried out in six databases: MEDLINE/PUBMED, EMBASE, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE, COCHRANE LIBRARY and LILACS. The review strategy followed the PCC (Population, Concept, Context) approach, focusing on PPL, the impact of race/color and TB treatment outcomes. Results: The search in the six electronic databases resulted in 529 studies, including 27 articles in MEDLINE via PubMed, 89 articles in EMBASE, 73 articles in SCOPUS, 36 articles in Web of Science, 119 articles in the Cochrane Library and 185 articles in LILACS. Of these, 143 were excluded due to duplication, and 386 articles went forward to the selection phase. As a result, 79 studies progressed to the eligibility phase, of which 7 were included in the analysis. Discussion: Structural racism intensifies the vulnerability and negative outcomes of TB in the poor, mainly affecting black, people living in precarious conditions. The adoption of anti-racist policies is essential to promote equity in access to diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of the disease, contributing to the reduction of disparities and improvement in clinical outcomes.