Psicologia

URI Permanente desta comunidade

http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17534
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia

Centro: CCHN
Telefone: (27) 4009 2501
URL do programa: http://www.psicologia.ufes.br/pos-graduacao/PPGP

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Navegando Psicologia por Autor "Alencar, Anuska Irene de"

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    Estudos sobre depressão na perspectiva da Psicologia Evolucionista
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-09-25) Tavares, Andreza Conceição de Souza; Tokumaru, Rosana Suemi; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2859-4114; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4294698135718928; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6524-8782; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0615503234437445; Pimentel, Carlos Eduardo; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3894-5790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9513393836022196; Guerra, Valeschka Martins; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-125X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0586051859189564; Alencar, Anuska Irene de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9345-2326; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3862711030465297; Mendonca, Julia Scarano de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1461-3759; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4361732982560734
    Depression is a health issue characterized by the presence of a depressed mood and a lack of interest in experiencing pleasure. In general, researchers have focused on studying depression with an emphasis on its symptoms and their consequences. However, evolutionary hypotheses assume that depression is related to problems that ultimately affect individuals' fitness. Therefore, solving these problems can alleviate depression. Fitness refers to the survival and reproduction of the species. Thus, the aim of this thesis is to foster the evolutionary discussion on depression. The first article provides an overview of the most prominent evolutionary hypotheses on depression. The results showed that there is no theoretical consensus in the literature, and the main discussion revolves around the adaptive or maladaptive function of depression. As a result, psychometric tools supporting these hypotheses were identified. Two of them were adapted in this thesis for the Brazilian population. The first assumes that depression is related to fitness. The second proposes that rumination in depression induces cognitive changes that lead to the analysis and solving of the problems related to the current depressive episode. Due to the common solving characteristic shared between the two hypotheses of the scales, the instruments were chosen for adaptation. Both showed good psychometric properties in the Brazilian population. However, measuring depression or its characteristics is not sufficient for its treatment. In this sense, the final paper of this thesis presents a group intervention protocol for depression based on cognitive-evolutionary therapy, which is grounded in the evolutionary perspective of human behavior and assumes that depression is related to fitness problems. Thus, in this thesis, the focus is directed towards the triggering problems of depression, demonstrating in the literature how these are related to fitness; discussing how humans typically solve their problems and the importance this process for human adaptability, survival and reproduction
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    Tem alguém olhando? uma análise evolucionista sobre o comportamento cooperativo.
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-09-20) Medeiros, Thais Barbosa; Tokumaru, Rosana Suemi; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2859-4114; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4294698135718928; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1529-2299; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9772331362398942; Alencar, Anuska Irene de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9345-2326; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3862711030465297; Wolter, Rafael Moura Coelho Pecly; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8393-1385; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9193777929003611
    In the present study we tested the influence of social vigilance, cultural orientation, group identification and perception of social norms on cooperative behavior. Indirect Reciprocity Theory states that individuals help others not only when they expect a direct return, but also to build reputation within the group which may bring future benefits. An important prediction of the indirect reciprocity model is that people behave more cooperatively when they believe that their cooperative behavior is observed. In this study, we defined social vigilance as the monitoring of co-specifics in the social environment and the perception of social vigilance as the perception of being monitored in the social environment. In Study 01, the Social Vigilance Perception Scale (EPVS) was constructed and validated. The relations between the perception of social vigilance and the other variables of interest were investigated. Participants were 551 people from the university community that answered an online survey. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed, and a two-dimensional structure was found. It was concluded that EPVS has adequate psychometric properties and that the perception of social vigilance is directly correlated with horizontal individualistic orientation and negatively correlated with income, age, group size and group identification. Study 02 tested, through an experimental study, the effect of cues of social vigilance on the participants' donation behavior. College students were asked to make donations under two conditions, presence or absence of social cues. There were no differences between the values donated by participants in the two conditions. The higher the individualistic orientation, the lower the donated value. Our results suggested that the low perception of social vigilance and the high donated values were related to the strong collectivist orientation of the participants. They also suggest that the individualistic orientation may be related to decreased cooperative behavior.