O consumo de substâncias psicoativas e suas implicações na qualidade de vida de usuários dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial álcool e drogas da Grande Vitória, ES
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Data
2016-08-23
Autores
Simões, Jeremias Campos
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The consumption of psychoactive substances is considered a study phenomenon in the field of collective health and its implications reflect in the patients’ life. The objectives of this study were: to evaluate the socio demographic profile and describe the psychoactive substances consumption standard by the patients attended to in the Pshyco social attention, alcohol and drugs Center of the cities of Vitória, Vila Velha and Serra, Espírito Santo, Brazil, and to investigate the impact of social economic factors as well as the use of psychoactive substances concerning these patients’ quality of life. That is a transversal study developed between June/2015 and February/2016. The sample was calculated making use of the program Bioestat 3.1, considering the population studied in about 1.000 users during the study period, prevalence of drug consumption of 50%, level of trust of 95% and sample error of 5%, determining the final sample of 280 subjects. Data were analyzed by the Statistics Package for Social Sciences, version 20.0. Three questionnaires were used as interview: social demographic, an instrument called Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test and Whoqol-Bref. For the first objective, a descriptive analysis of the data was made, making use of Chi-Square test. The Odds Ratio (OR) was calculated within the interval of trust of 95%. For the second objective, a descriptive analysis of the data was made through frequency tables with number and percentage for each item of the instrument, besides average, median and standard deviation. The comparison of the quality of life with the social demographic variables and standard of consumption was tested through the most appropriate test – Chi-Square test and/or Fisher’s Exact Test and ANOVA. The level of significance adopted was of 5%. The project was approved by the Federal University of Espírito Santo Ethics in Research Committee under the register n. 1.081.4591/15. The results demonstrated that 78,9% of the participants selfdeclared non-white, 74,3% were male gender. The pattern of consumption in life was found for all drugs and it prevailed the consumption of tobacco abuse (60,9%), snorted cocaine (39,6%) and cannabis (37,4%), as for dependency, crack (59,1%) and alcohol (50,0%) were highlighted. It was significantly evident the statistics for the pattern of consumption for alcohol dependency (p=0,04), cannabis (p=0,00), concerning the variable age and snorted cocaine for the variable age (p=0,05) and income (p=0,00), besides reports of dissatisfaction as for the state of health in 40,71% of the users and negative self-perception for the quality of life by 38,5% of the sample. For all domains average below 54,3 was identified, indicating low quality of life. Low economical condition was associated to worse quality of life (p=0,00; OR: 2,1. IC 95%: 1,2 - 3,5), and, for alcohol consumption, it was potentially significant to present a pattern of use/dependency and worse quality of life (p=0,05). The psychoactive substance consumption explicitness keeps the subject insert into a context of vulnerabilities concerning the aspects of health and quality field. The dissatisfaction about health condition and the low indicator of quality of life found should be used as indicators for developing actions in order to best meet the users’ demands needs of these services.
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Drug abuse , Substance abuse detection , Quality of life , Transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias , Detecção do abuso de substâncias , Abuso de drogas