Políticas públicas de inovação: implicações das interações e do unlearning na implementação
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Data
2023-09-15
Autores
Rocha, Leonardo Quintas
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
To stimulate specific sectors of the economy, the federal government has adopted as one of its strategies the creation of public policies through programs made available to state governments, in a kind of collaborative network aimed at regional development. This is the case of the innovative entrepreneurship incentive program, led by the Brazilian federal government and implemented by state governments. There is, however, a conflict between the dynamism inherent to the innovation process and the slowness resulting from public bureaucracy, which is enhanced by management behavior in the different participating governmental instances. In this context, the results become highly dependent on adaptations in the processes, providing opportunities for potential improvements in the public policy itself. This thesis assumes that, in this context, interactions and unlearning are essential in the process of implementing and improving public innovation policies. For that, it was investigated how the interactions influence the unlearning process between the actors responsible for implementing of a public innovation policy. The study is based on concepts of public management, public policies and unlearning in a complex adaptive system. This is a qualitative research, of a descriptive and explanatory nature, which had as a case study the experience of the Centelha Program, in the state of Espirito Santo. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaire and documents. Data analysis was performed using narrative analysis techniques, descriptive statistics and document analysis. Results showed that informal interactions were predominant in an attempt to reconcile public bureaucracy and dynamic demands throughout implementation. The public innovation policy required several adaptations, which were possible from the mobilization and interference of entrepreneurs for the action and intervention of responsible public managers. The results also showed that the interactions, especially the informal ones, potentiated the unlearning process in order to make necessary changes throughout the development of the public innovation policy and, also, aiming at the improvement of future editions. The changes carried out during the implementation were directly dependent on the encouragement of public managers to enable a virtuous circle between learning and unlearning, resulting from dynamic interactions. The dynamism of the public innovation policy encouraged actors to reflectively practice in situations of unlearning and learning in the face of the unpredictability of innovation and bureaucratic obstacles. It is concluded that the replication of practices used in other public policies is inappropriate to the creative, unpredictable and dynamic context inherent to a public innovation policy. Therefore, the rigidity of a public innovation policy in a dynamic and reflective context compromises success.
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Políticas públicas de inovação , Sistemas adaptativos complexos , Implementação , Interações , Unlearning