Escolas primárias no Espírito Santo pelas lentes da fotografia (1908-1928) : a historiografia e suas fontes
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Data
2024-12-16
Autores
Malverdes, Clara Zandomenico
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
This study focuses on the possible uses of photography as a source for writing the History of Education, asking how the analysis of images of elementary school can contribute to understanding and problematizing the processes of schooling in Espírito Santo in the early years of the Republic in Brazil (1908- 1928). It uses photographs of school institutions in Espírito Santo and the people who lived in them as privileged sources, establishing structures and the multiple configurations of the institutions photographed as axes of analysis. The documentary corpus consists of photographs, government reports, legislation and newspaper publications, which are analyzed in a constant cross-referencing. The analysis of the sources, based on the indicative method (Ginzburg, 1989), takes into account the historiographical understanding supported by Bloch (2001) and Ginzburg (2002, 2004, 2007), which prioritizes attention to traces and clues that provide information about the object under investigation. In the process of reading and cross-analyzing the sources, the historiographical practice we designed made it possible for traces, indications and apparently inaccessible or negligible clues to lead our gaze through the labyrinths of the past (Ginzburg, 2007). In this way, the microscopic analysis, the integration of iconographic and commissioning data and the understanding of the power relations involved in the production, storage and use of the sources used in the research were enhanced through the use of the indicative method. We set out to analyze school institutions located in four municipalities in Espírito Santo - Santa Leopoldina, Vitória, Cachoeiro de Itapemirim and São Mateus, seeking to discover and understand, through the lens of photography, elements of the constitution of each school photographed, and established relationships with the different contexts in which they were produced. From the images analyzed, we verified the singularities and multiple configurations of public primary schools in Espírito Santo in operation in the initial decades of the first republic
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História da Educação no Espírito Santo , Fontes históricas , Fotografia , Escolas Primárias , History of Education in Espírito Santo , Historical Sources , Photography , Elementary School