A influência de fatores históricos na diversificação de populações de Pitcairnia azouryi (Bromeliaceae) restrita a inselbergs da Floresta Atlântica
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2020-08-21
Autores
Sheu, Yumi
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
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Phylogeography investigates the evolutionary processes that govern the distribution of species on a spatial and temporal scale. Countless studies use phylogeographic approaches to understand the diversification of species in the context of regions with high genetic diversity. The Neotropical region is home to different phytogeographic domains, such as the Atlantic Forest. In this context, inselbergs stand out for their structural and structural heterogeneity in the Atlantic Forest. Due to their disjunct geographic nature, inselbergs are compared to oceanic islands and exhibit a high degree of ecological isolation and great endemism of species. We conducted an analysis based on integrated phylogeographic and population data to investigate the diversification of seven natural populations of Pitcairnia azouryi (Bromeliaceae) restricted to the inselbergs of the Atlantic Forest and how they relate to evolutionary historical factors. A coalescing tree was estimated using five chloroplast markers (cpDNA) and the Pedra Lisa population (Rio de Janeiro) was recovered as the most basal in the Quaternary Pleistocene. We suggest an important role for climatic fluctuations at the beginning of the Pleistocene in the diversification of the two groups of P. azouryi. Our results showed low genetic diversity within the populations of P. azouryi and high population genetic structure, indicating limited gene flow between rocky outcrops. All populations are a priority to conserve genetic heritage, since they have conferred unique haplotypes. This study pointed out the role of historical events and genetic drift via stepping stones in the evolutionary trajectories of this threatened species and restricted to seven inselbergs in the Atlantic Forest
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Bromélias , Pitcarnioideae , Pitcarnia , Especiação , Deriva genética , Bromeliads , Pitcarnioideae , Pitcarnia , Speciation , Genetic drift