Coronavac e a genealogia do negacionismo vacinal : uma análise do discurso digital antivacina no facebook durante a crise sanitária da Covid-19 no Brasil
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Data
2024-08-20
Autores
Ribeiro, Ana Paula Miranda Costa
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
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The objective of our research was to identify the genealogy of vaccine denialism in Brazil in 2020, based on the premise that the public discussion about the safety and effectiveness of coronovac is the trigger for vaccine skepticism that reverberated in digital environments. We sought to identify which discourses were in conflict in the context of the development of coronavirus vaccine in Brazil, called Coronavac, and which actors were competing to dominate the debate. To achieve this objective, we sought to establish a digital discourse analysis (PAVEAU, 2021) of anti-vaccine publications, encompassing 45,097 public posts in Portuguese made on Facebook from March 17, 2020 to November 30, 2020, during the testing phase of immunizers. Data collection was carried out using CrowdTangle, a digital data extraction tool made available by Meta, with subsequent analysis using Ford software, developed by researchers from the Laboratório de Estudos sobre Imagem e Cibercultura (Labic) at Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (Ufes). From data modeling and graph creation using Gephi, we identified the main enunciative characteristics, lexicons, actors and thematic categories of anti-vaccine publications, while establishing the genealogy of vaccine denialism in the context of the new coronavirus pandemic. To interpret the data obtained, we used digital discourse analysis (PAVEAU, 2021), to understand how the construction of the meanings of anti-vaccine posts happened over time, undertaking a perspectivist network analysis (MALINI, 2016). To understand the cognitive processing of false content shared on social networks, we use the notions of discursive virtue (PAVEAU, 2015), to understand which speeches were accepted as truth in that particular socio-historical context, and pre-discourse (PAVEAU, 2013), which allows us to understand the cognitive mechanisms activated in the processing of information by users. The notion of will to truth (FOUCAULT, 2014 and 2015) also gave us support for understanding power struggles between enunciators. We found that, at a crucial moment in the new coronavirus pandemic, when specific vaccines were being developed to combat Covid-19, groups linked to political movements stood out on Facebook, politicizing discussions regarding research into the development of new vaccines
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Desinformação , Facebook (Rede social on-line) , Análise do discurso digital , Linguística , Cibercultura