Estruturação genética de golfinhos-rotadores (Stenella longirostris Gray, 1828) no litoral brasileiro
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Data
2013-02-27
Autores
Faria, Drienne Messa
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Spinner dolphins, pantropically distributed, exhibit genetic structuration in population units of the North Pacific Ocean, however little is known about such processes in South Atlantic Ocean populations units. Historical, environmental and behavioral factors and social structure influence this species population structure. In order to assess the existence of genetic structure in spinner dolphins groups of the Brazilian coastline 414 samples were tested with ten microsatellite loci. Evaluating 223 individuals and seven polymorphic loci, not linked, the Brazilian coastline spinner dolphins presented high values of observed heterozygosity (Ho=0. 9724) and expected (He=0.8130), and genetic diversity (Dg=0.812). The bayesian cluster analysis and Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) revealed the genetic structuring of spinner dolphins of the Brazilian coastline in two population units. AMOVA (FST= 2.16; P≤0.05) and genetic differentiation index (FST: 0.0198; RST: 0.0165; P≤0.001) confirmed such results with significant values. The two population units show high genetic diversity (PU1: Dg=0.793601; PU2: Dg=0.7832), observed heterozygosity (PU1: Ho=0.9616; PU2: Ho=0.9805) and expected (PU1: He=0.8202; PU2: He =0.7942), and allelic richness (PU1: Ra=13.1; PU2: Ra=8. 5). Both population units showed significant deviations of HWE in virtually all loci. Sampled individuals alive in the Archipelago of Fernando de Noronha were grouped in two different population units corroborating the idea of the existence of two separate population units of S. longirostris in this archipelago, probably a resident and another formed by transients. The structuration identified grouped individuals sampled in different areas of the Brazilian coastline, suggesting possible gene flow even among distant regions.
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Cetaceans , Genetic diversity , Population structuration , Microsatellites , Estruturação populacional
Citação
FARIA, Drienne Messa. Estruturação genética de golfinhos-rotadores (Stenella longirostris Gray, 1828) no litoral brasileiro. 2013. 68 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Biodiversidade Tropical) - Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, São Mateus, 2013.