Consumo de potássio e relação Na/k na população adulta de Vitória/ES
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Data
2018-03-07
Autores
Alves, Silian Angela Avila
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Lower potassium (K+ ) intake associated to high sodium (Na+ ) foods may have negative health impact. Besides K+ and Na+ isolated intake, their ratio have been strongly associated to hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to estimate K+ intake, Na / K rate and its associated factors from a crosssectional analysis National Health Survey substudy (PNS). Total of 272 adults, both sexes, aged 20 to 69 years, domiciled in Vitória / ES were screened to participate on it. Na+ and K+ intake estimation was performed from 24-hours urinary excretion method. Socioeconomic, health and lifestyle data were analyzed from a questionnaire. Adequate K+ intake (≥ 3.5g / day) and Na / K ratio in tertiles were analyzed as outcome variables. Appropriate statistical tests were performed to evaluate groups differences and multinomial logistic regression was used to identify factors associated to low Na / K ratio (p <0.05). K+ intake mean was 2.9 ± 1.2 g / day. Lower averages compared to recommended value was found for both sexes, in all age groups and independent of nutritional status. Almost a quarter of individuals reached K+ intake recommendation (38% of men and 14% of women). On the other hand, women showed lower Na / K ratio. Younger and less educated individuals are more likely to have higher Na / K ratio. This high Na / K ratio could be justified by the high Na+ consumption, since Na+ recommendation is farther to be reached in these population than K+ intake recommendation. Therefore, surveys are needed to significantly reduce Na+ consumption.
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Potassium , Sodium , Industrialized foods , Healthy diet , Potássio , Sódio , Alimentos industrializados , Dieta saudável