Transformações curriculares na rede municipal de Vitória-ES (2018-2024): uma disputa pela função social da escola
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Data
2025-07-04
Autores
Rodrigues, Fabrício José
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
This research analyzes the curricular transformations implemented in the municipal education system of Vitória, Brazil, between 2018 and 2024, with emphasis on the standardization introduced in 2022. The objective is to understand how these changes reflect neoliberal rationality and impact the social function of public schools. The study adopts historical-dialectical materialism as its analytical method, enabling the apprehension of the contradictions inherent in contemporary curricular policies. The theoretical foundation is based on historical-critical pedagogy, which emphasizes omnilateral education and the mediation between systematized knowledge and the concrete reality of students. The investigation relies on documentary analysis and adopts a multilevel approach: at the macro level, it examines the effects of the National Common Core Curriculum (BNCC) and the High School Reform on curricular guidelines; at the meso level, it analyzes the reorganization of municipal curricular matrices, marked by the inclusion of components such as Life Project and Experimental Practices, which are guided by prescriptive and fragmented orientations; at the micro level, it investigates the implementation of these changes in two schools located in socioeconomically unequal territories, based on indicators from the Jones dos Santos Neves Institute (IJSN, 2024). The findings reveal that curricular standardization disregards the material conditions of different school regions, deepening historically rooted inequalities. The reduction of formative subjects such as History and Geography and the reinforcement of a performative logic focused on large scale assessments are also observed. It is concluded that the social function of public education — to guarantee access to knowledge and contribute to the reduction of social inequalities — is being undermined by reforms that subordinate the curriculum to an instrumental rationality. It is therefore urgent to reaffirm education as a means of social justice, equal opportunities, and comprehensive human development.
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Políticas educacionais , Materialismo histórico-dialético , Pedagogia histórico-crítica