Fatores de risco cardiovascular : um estudo em agricultores do Espírito Santo
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Data
2018-04-05
Autores
Luz, Tamires Conceição da
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Rural populations have changed their eating and living habits over the years, leading to an increase in the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. There are still few studies that describe how these risk factors are distributed in these populations. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the Santa Maria de Jetibá farmers' population and the association with sociodemographic, occupational, lifestyle and anthropometric indicators. This is a cross-sectional population epidemiological study, developed in family farmers in the rural area of Santa Maria de Jetibá / ES. A questionnaire was applied and hemodynamic and anthropometric evaluations were carried out, as well as biochemical tests. Among the data collected, four cardiovascular risk factors defined in the Framingham studies (arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, and fasting glycemia) were chosen as outcomes. Of the 790 study participants, 52,3% (n = 413) were males, 88,9% were white (n = 702), 31% were between 30 and 40 years old (n = 444) and 67,5% had between zero and four years of study. Regarding cardiovascular risk factors, hypertension was more prevalent in men (p <0.001), and dyslipidemia was more prevalent in women (p = 0,036). The number of cardiovascular risk factors was associated with age (p <0,001), schooling (p <0,001), landowner (p = 0,003), total weekly working hours (p = 0,004), working time as family farmer (p <0,000), body mass index (p <0,001), waist circumference (p = 0,005) and triceps skin fold (p = 0,001). Having more than 30 years of work as a farmer increased the chance of having two or more cardiovascular risk factors by 10,72 times (OR 2,92; CI 1,365 – 84,301); High waist circumference increased the chance in 2,43 times of having two or more cardiovascular risk factors (OR: 2,431, CI 1,526-3,874); Tricipital cut fold increased the chance of having two or more cardiovascular risk factors by 1.54 times (OR: 1,539; CI: 1,013-2,339). The results prove that family farmers are exposed to risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. It is important to create public policies in SUS that meet the specific demands of this population.
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População rural , Fatores de risco , Doenças cardiovasculares , Epidemiologia