Leguminosas alternativas como fontes proteicas na alimentação de suínos
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Data
2015-02-27
Autores
Bulian, Amanda Aparecida Lacerda
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
This study was conducted in order to check the efficiency of toasting of pork beans legumes (Canavalia ensiformis), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajans) and velvet bean (Stilozobium aterrimum) to inactivate the antinutritional factors, evaluate the partial replacement of these by the soybean meal in the feed pigs in growing and finishing pigs on the performance data and carcass characteristics. For the experiment one was held toasting seeds by testing two binomial time-temperature and were subsequently carried out moisture, crude protein (CP), ash and analysis of ureárica activity. The second experiment was conducted in the swine sector of the Federal Institute of the Espírito Santo (IFES) - Campus Alegre - ES. A completely randomized design with factorial arrangement 3x3 was used, totaling nine treatments with 7 reps each, the experimental unit was represented by each animal. The factors were composed by types of legumes and levels in the diet, as a replacement for soybean meal. The performance parameters evaluated were feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion and carcass characteristics. In relation the chemical composition were found for the whole pork bean seeds, 12.4% moisture, 27.5% crude protein, 2.92% ash and 4255 kcal / kg of raw energy. For beans pigeon pea values were 12% moisture, 19.3% crude protein, 3.25% ash and 4250 kcal / kg of energy and the velvet bean were 11.9% moisture, 25, 2% crude protein, 3.04% ash and 4405 kcal / kg of energy. Regarding the performance of the animals that 20% of jack bean showed average daily gain weight 0,446Kg, lower than (p <0.05) the other legumes. For the daily feed consumption (ADFI) jack bean in the 20% level of inclusion was also lower (p <0.05) ADFI of getting an 8.300Kg / bay. There was no difference (p> 0.05) among treatments for feed conversion parameter. On carcass characteristics were significant differences (p <0.05) for the weight of the left carcass, length, weight ham and loin eye muscle area. There has been success in the treatment of legumes in removing antinutritional factors through the urea activity and that the inclusion of different types of beans at levels of 15% and 20% did not affect performance when compared to the level of 0%, except for pork beans the level of 20% replacement and resulted in good carcass characteristics. Regarding the economic analysis suggest the cultivation of them on farms to become economically viable;
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Palavras-chave
Beans , Urease , Animal performance , Alimentação animal , Suíno - criação , Alimentos alternativos , Análise bromatológica de alimentos , Feijão , Desempenho animal
Citação
Bulian, Amanda Aparecida Lacerda. Legumes as alternative protein sources in swine feeds. 2015. 69p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Veterinárias) - Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre, ES, 2015.