Investigação etnofarmacológica e avaliação do perfil químico e das atividades antioxidante e trombolítica de espécies vegetais comercializadas na Grande Vitória - ES
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Data
2025-04-01
Autores
Dias, Rennan Batista
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The use of medicinal plants is a long-standing practice across diverse cultures. Ethnopharmacology plays a pivotal role in scientific validating traditional knowledge, ensuring both efficacy and safety of these practices. Given the significance of medicinal plants, monitoring their commercialization is essential. Therefore, this study aimed to catalog the most commercially available medicinal plants in the Grande Vitória region (Espírito Santo, Brazil), select five species for a detailed literature review on their pharmacological activities and associated risks, chemically characterize their ethanolic extracts, and assess their antioxidant and thrombolytic activities. Data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to vendors of medicinal plants. The literature review focused on clinical evidence and potential risks associated with use these plants. The chemical profile of the extracts was determined by ESI(±)FT ICR MS. Antioxidant activity was assessed by measuring the scavenging capacity against the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•), while thrombolytic activity was tested in vitro based on clot-lysing capability. The study identified 34 commercialized plants, highlighting chamomile, horsetail, hibiscus, espinheira-santa, and green tea as the most prominent, and infusion (tea) being the predominant preparation method. Of the five selected plants, Matricaria chamomilla and Lippia alba showed a high level of clinical evidence supporting their traditional use as sedatives, with low associated risk. Pimpinella anisum exhibited clinical suport for dyspepsia, though evidence for its sedative properties was less substantial. Conversely, Erythrina mulungu and Monteverdia ilicifolia lacked studies to confirm their traditional efficacy. MS analysis identified primarily phenolic acids and flavonoids in the samples, including gallic acid, caffeic acid, apigenin, luteolin, and catechin. All plants showed antioxidant capacity, with lemon balm and espinheira-santa presenting the strongest effects (IC50 of 82.10 ± 5.05 and 82.49 ± 5.44 µg/mL, respectively). Of the tested extracts, only the lemon balm extract exhibited moderate clot-lysing capacity. This work enhances the understanding of the medicinal properties, chemical, and biological properties of plants commercialized in the Grande Vitória region and and underscores the importance of monitoring these species to ensure their safe and effective use
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Plantas medicinais , Etnofarmacologia , Fitoquímica , Medicinal plants , ethnopharmacology , Phytochemistry , Thrombolytic