Uma proposta de unidade de ensino potencialmente significativa aplicando as ciências forenses ao ensino de física moderna para o ensino médio
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Data
2022-03-24
Autores
Loyola, Renan Costa
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
This master's research work describes the development of a proposal for a didactic sequence on concepts of modern physics, using a forensic context to present physical phenomena to high school students. The theoretical assumption that guided this research was the Theory of Meaningful Learning, which had David P. Ausubel (1918-2008) as its creator, from the perspective of Marcos Antônio Moreira, where, taking advantage of the steps proposed for the elaboration of a Unit of Potentially Significant Teaching (UEPS), a didactic sequence was structured to be used by high school physics teachers. Based on the contextualization of cases related to forensic sciences and criminal investigation, we sought to awaken in students an interest in significantly learning concepts of modern physics. Emphasis was placed on the presentation of Bohr's atomic model, electronic transitions and energy levels, highlighting phenomena related to luminescence and light-matter interaction. Data for analysis were collected through two pre-tests, where students' previous conceptions about forensic sciences and about the concepts of physics proposed for the work could be verified. After the application of the UEPS stages, where videos and computational simulators were used as instructional resources, a post-test was proposed with the intention of verifying the degree of evolution of the students in understanding the concepts addressed and applied in a forensic context. A sequence opinion questionnaire was also used as a means of measuring the contribution of work to student learning. The results that were obtained showed evidence that there was a possible significant learning, with the acquisition of some physics concepts that were discussed during the work. In general, the students participating in the research demonstrated that they had increased their interest in studying the formal concepts of the discipline of physics, through the use of physics applied to forensic sciences.
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Aprendizagem significativa , Física moderna , Física forense