Atenção à saúde na assistência estudantil em universidades federais da região nordeste do Brasil
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Data
2023-03-31
Autores
Trindade, Samara Nagla Chaves
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The emergence of public universities in Brazil was strongly marked by an elitist character, which led, from the end of the 20th century to the search for democratization of access. The expansion of institutions, which took place across the country between 2007 and 2014, made it possible for the most vulnerable to access undergraduate courses, which encouraged the implementation of assistance actions aimed at permanence. In this context, the National Student Assistance Program emerges, which provides for ten areas to be attended to, including health care. However, the Program lacks guidance that establishes the procedures for its execution in institutional practice, and each university is responsible for defining norms, areas to be attended and allocation of resources. This study proposed to map the existing student health care actions in federal universities in the Northeast region of Brazil, as well as their operationalization; describe the health conditions of undergraduate students at the Federal University of West Bahia (UFOB), verify the pattern of access and use of health services offered by student assistance and identify their respective associated factors and analyze health actions in the context of the university and its integration with the local health system. This is a qualitative and quantitative research, which included federal universities in the Northeast region of Brazil, undergraduate students, student assistance professionals and a municipal health manager. Data were collected through electronic questionnaires and individual interviews. For analysis, in the qualitative stages, content and thematic analyzes were carried out and, in the quantitative stage, descriptive, crude and adjusted analyses. The results of the study were presented in the format of a scientific article, producing three articles. The findings found from the mapping of health actions in federal universities in the Northeast region, demonstrated that there is no uniformity in the provision of health services in the institutions; universities partner with internal and external bodies to improve service delivery; the professionals available in the teams are unaware of the operation of the municipality's health network and are insufficient to meet the entire demand. When studying the health conditions of the students, it was evidenced that, despite the majority reporting good health, a significant part mentioned having multimorbidity and weight change after entering the university and it was verified that, attending the last periods of the course , being a beneficiary of student aid and having gained weight is associated with greater use of health services offered by the university. Regarding the integration between the university's student health care services and the municipal health care network, it was verified that there was no intersectoral relationship between the two and that there were impasses for students to access the network, especially in relation to those who come from other municipalities to attend graduation. The results reveal the importance of offering health services to undergraduates, however, they point to the need to implement a national health policy capable of filling existing gaps and promoting integration between the university and the health care network.
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Política pública , Universidades , Educação superior