Caracterização morfoagronômica, parâmetros genéticos e seleção de pimenteiras (Capsicum annuum L.) Para fins ornamentais
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Data
2025-09-19
Autores
Almeida, Rafael de
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Peppers of the genus Capsicum have great ornamental potential because they have characteristics that draw the attention of the consumer, such as: the compact architecture of the plants, the variations found in their leaves and the varied color and sizes of their fruits, in addition to their ease of cultivation. However, studies for the development of plants for ornamental purposes are still scarce. Thus, the objective was to continue the genetic improvement program of pepper trees species Capsicum annuum L., aiming at the ornamental potential. Six generations were evaluated, namely: Pi (female parent), P2 (male parent), FI (first hybrid generation), F2 (first generation of self-fertilization), ORI (backcross 1 = P1 x F1) and OR2 (backcross 2-P2 x F1). The plant materials were sown in 128-cell Styrofoam trays with organo-vegetal substrate and, after the emergence of two pairs of definitive leaves, the seedlings were transplanted into pots of 2 L volume, filled with a mixture of soil, sand and manure, in a ratio of 1:1:1. The design used was the completely randomized design (DIC) and the morphoagronomic characteristics of nine quantitative and 18 qualitative descriptors were evaluated. Pearson's linear correlation (r), generation mean analysis was performed, and the selection index was applied: Smith and Hazel, Pesek and Baker, Williams, Mulamba and Mock, and Ideotype Distance. Among the models in non-orthogonal decomposition, the additive gene effect stood out for the determination of the descriptors: stem length, total fruit mass, average fruit mass, fruit length and fruit diameter. For the selection index, the Ideotype Distance was the most appropriate in terms of identifying superior individuals. In addition, the ornamental potential of the material was observed through the characterization of the different generations, 3 verifying the existence of morphoagronomic variability that will contribute to the advancement of promising genotypes in the genetic improvement program of pepper plants of the species Capsicum annuum.
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Pimenta , Plantas ornamentais , Parámetros genéticos