Análise comportamental das práticas culturais: três décadas da psicologia das organizações e do trabalho no Espírito Santo (1980-2010)
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Data
2022-12-20
Autores
Regis, Maria Rita de Cassia Sales
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Professionals practicing Psychology at the time, called Industrial Psychology, were destined to a set of practices for attracting, identifying, and analyzing the human behaviors that define them, such as the Recruitment & Selection processes of workers. Later research showed the expansion of activities beyond industries, including companies from different sectors. The expansion added other practices, such as planning and monitoring processes to promote worker health and safety. Research on the history of Psychology within companies in Brazil shows that this diversity of practices has, over time, gained momentum and credibility, being called Work and Organizational Psychology (WOP). In the State of Espírito Santo (ES), the industrialization process in the 1960s inaugurated a broad job market for these professionals in subsequent decades, enabling the creation, incorporation, and consolidation of cultural practices in a story that until then had not been told. This thesis tells a part of this story. It is concomitantly circumscribed in the area of activity called Work and Organizational Psychology, in the history of Psychology, and in the behavioral analysis of culture. The general objective was to identify, describe and understand the cultural practices of the area, its agents, and how such practices were applied in some organizations in Espírito Santo between 1980 and 2010. It was divided into three Studies and their specific objectives, which have as objects: 1. Cultural practices in the establishment of Work and Organizational Psychology in companies in Espírito Santo; 2. Cultural practices of business psychologists providing services to companies in Espírito Santo; 3. Work and Organizational Psychology cultural practices: Perceptions of workers from companies in Espírito Santo. Thirty-eight psychologists and 196 workers participated. Participants provided data through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Qualitative data were submitted to IRAMUTEQ software generating classes of verbal reports that are analyzed by narrative fragments and contingency and meta contingencies schemes. Quantitative data is submitted to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis with the help of SPSS software. Study 1 generated a part of history that will add value to psychology in Espírito Santo. The first Work and Organizational Psychology practitioners adapted and systematized manuals and policies for Recruitment & Selection, Training & Development, among others. It was also highlighted through the narratives the importance of understanding how the human being is intertwined with other voices and, above all, proposing projects based on the companies' strategy, aiming at the integrity and development of the worker. Study 2 indicated that companies providing Work and Organizational Psychology services could be profitable, even offering only the products: Recruitment & Selection and Training & Development. The data indicated the need for training in understanding the market, business vision, and a proactive attitude regarding business management. Finally, Study 3 brought the perception of workers from different functions and sectors about the practices inherent to the Recruitment & Selection and Training & Development subsystems. Workers highlighted the importance of POT practitioners improving their practices in Recruitment & Selection, about factors such as example, reception, and conduction in the selection processes. Such factors, if well worked, make it possible to understand how essential they are in achieving such cultural practices. Although the workers considered Training & Development important, they reported that the proposal's relevance and impact on the results are unclear. In this sense, it is understood that Work and Organizational Psychology professionals could objectively declare the intention and application of knowledge converted into results in addition to facilitating training.
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Psicologia Industrial , História da psicologia , Análise de contingências