Influência das condições de vento e do aporte fluvial na dinâmica sedimentar do trecho centro-norte da Plataforma Continental do Espírito Santo (PCES)
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Data
2018-04-02
Autores
Oliveira, Kyssyanne Samihra Santos
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Although there are studies that indicate the influence of both wind conditions and fluvial supply in the sediment dynamics in the Espírito Santo continental shelf, the real role of these forcings is not yet completely understood. This Thesis was developed in order to understand how the wind conditions along with the fluvial supply determine the known sedimentary features in this shelf. In this purpose, climatological studies of the wind conditions (Chapter 3) and the hydrosedimentological supply of the main fluvial source to the shelf (Chapter 2) were analyzed jointly the wave - driven mobility under the main meteorological systems acting on the shelf (Chapter 4). For the climatological studies, wind data obtained from the new Climate Forecast System Reanalysis were used, as well as streamflow and suspended sediment concentration data from the National System of Information on Water Resources. The wave aspects used to calculate the sediment mobility were obtained with the DELFT-3D Modeling System. It was found that although the climatology (1979-2014) shows a space-temporal dominance of winds and waves associated to the South Atlantic Subtropical High, in general the sedimentary features found in the shelf reflect the huge importance of winds and waves derived from the Transient Systems. It also was found that the simultaneous wind conditions associated to South Atlantic Subtropical High and high discharge events of the Doce River define the locals of the main fluvial sediment deposition. However, the greater mobility of the waves associated to the Transient Systems, as well as the water column conditions during the action of these systems dominate the long-term transport and deposition patterns of this sediment. A discussion of the environmental implications of the findings of this thesis showed that they contribute to studies involving dredging and disposal operations, helping to determine the places with most cost-effective environmental. Moreover, the knowledge of the temporal variability of the Doce River allowed the detection of extreme hydrological conditions, which contributes to an effective management of the watershed and the adjacent coastal region. Another important contribution is the better understanding of the sediment dispersion from the Doce River, and consequently of the pollutants supplied by the fluvial system. In this way, the results presented and discussed here are essential for management decision-making, since the Espírito Santo north-central continental shelf is of great environmental and economic interest from the point of view of fishing, oil and gas exploration, and navigation. The identification and determination of typical and extreme patterns and their contribution to the patterns of sediment dynamics will lead the managers to a greater knowledge of the shelf in question, allowing for more effective resolutions and a more adequate monitoring of these interventions.
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Typical conditions of wind , Condições típicas de vento , Fluvial supply , Aporte fluvial , Wave - driven mobility , Mobilidade por ondas , Sediment dynamics , Dinâmica sedimentar