Percepção dos profissionais de saúde de um hospital universitário em relação às pessoas privadas de liberdade e usuários de drogas
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Data
2025-08-01
Autores
Marson, Carla Neves
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Introduction: Access to health care for people deprived of freedom is a delicate issue, due to the precarious structural conditions of prisons, and a complex one, as it encompasses various actors and the specificities of incarceration. Analyzing this issue means understanding the context of inequality and vulnerability of this population and how public policies affect these people. In relation to drug users, in recent years we have experienced various movements of progress and setbacks related to the National Policy on Drugs. Thus, there are still challenges in caring for people who use psychoactive substances, which goes beyond health and social assistance, also involving justice and public security, areas that have a strong influence on the care practices currently adopted. Objective: To understand the perception of health professionals working in a university hospital regarding people deprived of freedom and users of alcohol and other drugs, analyzing factors that facilitate and hinder the provision of care to these people. Methodology: This is an exploratory, descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with eighteen health professionals of both sexes and various specialties at a university hospital, in the outpatient, surgical and maternity services. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and organized according to Bardin's content analysis. We used the theoretical framework of vulnerability in health and human rights, which analyzes the individual, social and pragmatic dimensions and how much and how governments regulate and enforce these rights. Results: Relationships in the health-disease-care process, although consolidated in the service network and work routines, are still sensitive to the structural conditions of the institution and the specificities of the subjects. Stigmas and discrimination appear as social markers of difference, gender, race, social class and their intersections associated with illness. The professionals assume that there are limitations in their work, such as professional unpreparedness, lack of specific knowledge and patient management. For improvements, they point to multidisciplinary action, coordination with the service network and team training. Conclusion: Despite the progress made in caring for people deprived of freedom and people who use drugs, health actions must work to reduce vulnerabilities, without neglecting the fight against social inequalities and the protection of human rights. It is necessary to overcome institutional and personal barriers, the biological approach in the health-disease relationship and include social participation in order to consolidate a perspective that promotes and enhances the autonomy of individuals and expands their capacity to live with dignity.
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Profissionais de saúde , Pessoa privada de liberdade , Acesso à saúde