Influências das características ambientais adversas na escolha da abordagem de implementação e no sucesso de projetos
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Data
2019-05-08
Autores
Moura, Ralf Luis de
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The high index of projects that cannot reach the goals and results previously established is a persistent challenge in the project management area. To minimize these challenges, organizations adopt and institutionalize project management methodologies that generalize their application, based on the assumption that a single way can help achieve results in any situation. Most of the methodologies defend that it is only possible to achieve excellence in project management through rigid planning, based on rationalization and application of methods with logical rigor and objectivity, which leads to the application of a prescriptive approach in the project implementation. However, not all projects are the same and some of these, depending on the environment in which they are inserted, may require an adaptive approach. The adverse environmental characteristics represented by the elements: dynamism, uncertainty, technical diversity and ambiguity can influence the success of the project both, in relation to the achievement of established goals and satisfaction with project results. The objective of this study was to propose and test a project classification model that indicates the implementation approach more adjusted to the project adverse environmental characteristics with the capacity to provide a greater probability of success. For such, through an empirical research with 332 professionals involved in projects, this study proposed a structural model that was validated and tested. By means of their causal relationships’ significance, a classification model was created to indicate the implementation approach with greater probability of success, according to the project dominant environmental characteristic. Results showed that, contrary to many studies, not all the projects in which the characteristics derived from the environment are more present tend to be more likely to succeed when adopting adaptive approaches, in addition, not all projects with lower environmental influences tend to perform better when they adopt prescriptive approaches. What denotes that it is necessary to previously understand the environmental context to which the project is inserted and from this understanding opt for the implementation approach with greater chances of success. Showing evidence that a single way is not able to address all types of projects (one size does not fit all).
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Gestão de projetos , Características ambientais adversas , Sucesso , Abordagem de implementação , Project management , Adverse environmental characteristics , Success , Implementation approach