Fatores socioeconômicos, condições de saúde e estilo de vida associados ao estado nutricional de responsáveis por domicílios brasileiros
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Data
2026-02-27
Autores
Moreira, Vitória Andrade Rodrigues
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Introduction: excess weight among Brazilian adults is recognized as a major public health problem, associated with various socio-environmental and health factors. Among household heads, these conditions can affect the entire family unit, influencing behaviors and health conditions throughout society. Objective: to analyze the relationship between health conditions, lifestyle, socioeconomic characteristics, and nutritional status of heads of Brazilian households, according to data from the 2019 National Health Survey. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study based on the analysis of microdata from the 2019 National Health Survey. The sample consisted of 52,597 individuals responsible for their households. Nutritional status was assessed using the Body Mass Index, considered as a dependent variable. Sociodemographic, economic, health, and lifestyle variables were analyzed. Associations were evaluated using the chi-square test, and factors associated with inadequate nutritional status were identified using Poisson regression. Results: most household heads are overweight (61.8%). A higher proportion of this condition is found among female heads of households (34.2%), white individuals (26.9%), married individuals (28.9%), without schooling (23.0%), with low income (28.9%), residents of the Southeast (29.5%), from urban areas (54.6%), and who did not self-report diabetes (54.5%), hypertension (39.7%), or depression (54.1%). The prevalence of overweight was approximately 12.0 percentage points higher among household heads with hypertension compared to those who did not self-report the condition. Conclusion: excess weight is highly prevalent among Brazilian heads of households and is mainly associated with social determinants of health, such as gender, income, and education.
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Chefes de domicílio , Sobrepeso , PNS 2019