Otimização por colônias de formigas aplicada ao dimensionamento de equipes de manutenção de áreas verdes em campi universitários
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Data
2026-03-18
Autores
Ferreira, André Barcellos
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Editor
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
This thesis presents an approach for applying the Ant Colony Optimization metaheuristic as a strategy for sizing maintenance teams responsible for green areas in university campuses, detailing the computational implementation of this methodology. The four initial versions of algorithms belonging to the meta-heuristics (Ant System, Elitist AS, Ant-Q and Ant Colony System) were analyzed, and the main characteristics required for a problem to be addressed by these algorithms were compiled. Several simplifications were adopted regarding the issue of green area maintenance, so that it could be described as a discrete, geographically distributed problem, and ultimately as an instance of the Multiple Traveling Salesmen Problem. Continuous areas were represented by grids of points with known pairwise distances. Each of these points was assigned a fraction of the total area and a on-site service cost proportional to the completeness of the activities to be performed in that fraction of the area. The integration of activities within the areas was estimated based on the analysis of the characteristics of each service considered and on frequency and labor consumption values per service unit obtained from technical manuals. The proposed approach was implemented as a plug-in for AutoCAD. The Goiabeiras campus of the Federal University of Espírito Santo was used as a case study, and different scenarios were simulated and compared. Although there were no real data available for comparison among the simulated scenarios, the proposed approach demonstrated consistency, as evidenced by the similar orders of magnitude observed in the results of different models (the proposed model for lawn area management and the proposed model for wooded area management).
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Palavras-chave
Manutenção de áreas verdes , Meta-heurística , Otimização por colônias de formigas , Problema de múltiplos caixeiros viajantes