Doutorado em Biologia Vegetal
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início: 2013
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE (Portaria MEC Nº 609, de 14/03/2019.
Publicação no DOU 18 de março de 2019, seç. 1, p.63 - Parecer CNE/CES nº 14/03/2019, Processo no 23001.000335/2018-51).
Periodicidade de seleção: Anual
Url do curso: https://biologiavegetal.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGBV/detalhes-do-curso?id=99
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- ItemAvaliação da composição da biomassa e dos efeitos toxicológicos de extratos de Lemna aequinoctialis: abordagem experimental e meta-analítica(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-08-28) Nati, Natália; Machado, Levi Pompermayer; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-851X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9697508931977949; Matsumoto, Silvia Tamie; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6746-5548; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2158304667499789 ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6012-8394; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6322065915425004 ; Milanez, Camilla Rozindo Dias; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9516-2031; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1288447995978779 ; Carrijo, Tatiana Tavares; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8366-0738; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0479854777557016; Morales, Dânia Elisa Christofoletti Mazzeo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1696-9065; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2378883705248821; Silva, Regildo Márcio Gonçalves da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0300-0247; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5285324361162578Duckweeds (Araceae) are fast-growing aquatic plants with a promising biochemical composition, offering potential applications in environmental biotechnology, bioinputs, and functional foods. This thesis investigated the nutritional composition, toxicity, and biological activity of Lemna aequinoctialis through three complementary approaches: analysis of cultivated biomass, toxicological assessment of plant extracts, and a meta analysis of duckweed composition. Biomass of L. aequinoctialis cultivated in an integrated multitrophic aquaculture system (IMTA) with fish-farming effluent was compared with biomass from in loco samples. Proximate composition, amino acid and fatty acid profiles, photosynthetic pigments, metal contents, and chemical characterization by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), which identified oxylipins, phenolics, organic acids, and polysaccharides, were determined. Extracts were then prepared using water (aqueous) and hydroalcoholic solution (ethanolic), along with fractions obtained with ethyl acetate and methanol, and tested at concentrations ranging from 15.625 to 250 µg/mL. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the MTT cell viability assay, performed in vitro on HTC (Rattus norvegicus) cell lines. Toxicity was assessed in Artemia salina (survival at 24, 48, and 72 h) and Lactuca sativa (germination and root growth). For L. sativa, germination index (GI) and root growth index (RGI) were calculated, along with Spearman’s correlation. Finally, a meta-analysis compiled data from 81 studies on protein, starch, and lipid contents in duckweeds of the genera Landoltia, Lemna, Spirodela, Wolffia, and Wolffiella cultivated under different experimental conditions. Analyses included random-effects models and subgroup comparisons (genus, medium, and cultivation period). Results showed that cultivated biomass had higher protein content (35.1% dry weight), lower metal accumulation, and no significant cytotoxicity. In A. salina, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts, as well as ethyl acetate and methanolic fractions, showed no significant toxicity over the evaluation periods. In L. sativa, the ethyl acetate extract caused severe inhibition at higher concentrations, whereas the methanolic fraction stimulated root growth, with GI values exceeding 200%. Positive correlations between germination and root growth were found for the methanolic (ρ = 0.694; p < 0.001) and aqueous (ρ = 0.418; p = 0.027) extracts. The meta-analysis revealed significant differences according to genus, culture medium, and experimental duration. The highest protein levels (>40% dry weight) were observed in Wolffia and Wolffiella. Starch accumulation was favored by long-term cultivation under nutrient-limited conditions, reaching values above 70%. Nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich media increased protein content, whereas organic carbon supplementation enhanced lipid content, particularly under mixotrophic conditions. Overall, the findings demonstrate that L. aequinoctialis cultivated under controlled management exhibits superior nutritional composition, lower toxicological risk, and potential for the production of selective extracts with applications in sustainable agriculture, alternative nutrition, and bioactive compound prospecting.
- ItemDiversidade funcional da comunidade fitoplanctônica do baixo Rio Doce(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-03-20) Oliveira, Fabricio Bronzoni de; Fernandes, Valéria de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2323760323729607 ; Almeida, Stéfano Zorzal de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9977-5898; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3680096174839424 ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1801-4753; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0835272036075309; Batitucci, Maria do Carmo Pimentel; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3485-4448; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0010148251489155; Menezes, Luís Fernando Tavares de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1854-2441; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4502113593775550; Bicudo, Denise de Campos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4248-3261; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9028158606012312 ; Crossetti, Luciane Oliveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0049-4229; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3903881781483737The dynamics of phytoplankton community in aquatic ecosystems are crucial for maintaining the health and functioning of these systems, being sensitive to environmental variations and anthropogenic impacts. In the context of the Lower Doce river Basin, this community faces challenges arising from the influence of human activities, such as agriculture, urbanization, and mining. Recognizing this importance, the present thesis aimed to investigate the main factors influencing the functional diversity of phytoplankton in this region and its response to environmental gradients. Through sampling in different environments, including the Doce River and associated lacustrine ecosystems, the relationships between phytoplankton functional diversity and environmental conditions were analyzed, aiming to understand the community dynamics in response to anthropogenic impacts. The results revealed that the Doce River was more sensitive to seasonal variations, showing greater temporal heterogeneity in environmental conditions. On the other hand, deep lakes exhibited higher functional diversity due to less eutrophic conditions and greater light availability. Moreover, an increase in the functional diversity of the Doce River was observed during the dry season, possibly due to a reduction in anthropogenic pressures on the environment. The analysis of ecological thresholds and functional changes highlighted the influence of environmental factors on the structure and functional dynamics of phytoplankton, with more evident impacts in shallow lakes, indicating a greater vulnerability of these ecosystems to environmental changes of anthropogenic origin However, the current maximum regulatory limits established by CONAMA Resolution 357/2005 for water quality were considerably higher than the points of modification in phytoplankton functional structure, suggesting the need to revise regulatory standards to ensure effective conservation of these ecosystems. Additionally, the study compared the performance of different methods of classifying phytoplankton communities to distinguish environmental gradients levels, highlighting more sensitive responses of the phytoplankton community when organized by taxonomic methods into classes ("CLASS"). Nevertheless, it was noticeable that functional approaches for phytoplankton classification provided an enhanced descriptive capacity of the community across the various levels of each evaluated gradient. In summary, this research contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the functional ecology of phytoplankton in the Lower Doce River region, providing valuable insights for ecosystem assessments and conservation measures in the region.
- ItemFluorescência da clorofila a como ferramenta para monitoramento ambiental em restinga(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-05-27) Silva Junior, Romário de Oliveira; Silva, Diolina Moura ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-280X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0341541450627705; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2044-3661; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2462240761208325; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-7673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8029279967950425; Rodrigues, Maisa Isabela ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2654-8245; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0157130804112993; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; Nesi, Adriano Nunes; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9581-9355; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4220071266183271; Menino, Maria Regina Rodrigues de Sousa Botelho de Gusmão Valério ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9284-5366; http://lattes.cnpq.br/The rupture of the Fundão Dam in 2015 released about 50 million m³ of mining waste into the Rio Doce basin, marking a significant event in Brazil's environmental history. This disaster caused severe impacts on adjacent ecosystems, including the Restinga vegetation, which plays a crucial role in coastal protection and pollutant filtration. This study investigated the long-term ecological impacts of the disaster using chlorophyll a fluorescence (FChl) as a sensitive and precise method to monitor the phytotoxic effects of metal contamination in the Restinga ecosystem. Common herbaceous species in the Restinga—Blutaparon portulacoides, Canavalia rosea, Ipomoea imperati, Ipomoea pes caprae, and Scaevola plumieri—were selected to evaluate temporal changes in metal concentrations in their leaves and the effects on photosynthetic metabolism. The experiments included in situ studies to monitor metal concentrations and their effects on photosynthesis over three years, and ex situ experiments with plants cultivated in greenhouses subjected to different concentrations of formulated nutrient solutions. A gradual increase in metal levels was observed during periods of higher precipitation and Rio Doce flow, with I. pes-caprae showing higher values of the Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF). The plants showed an increase in Photosystem I (PSI) activity to compensate for inhibitory effects on Photosystem II (PSII), particularly during periods of higher contaminant exposure. This adjustment involved increased cyclic electron transport, regulating the energy balance between ATP and NADPH and neutralizing oxidative damage. The stress tolerance mechanisms in situ could be mimicked under different mineral stress conditions, conducted through two ex situ experiments. In the first experiment, the best nutritional solution was determined to investigate different contaminants in Restinga plants. A nutrient solution formulated at 75% ionic strength showed higher accumulation of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sodium (Na), and changes in chlorophyll a fluorescence in the first ten days of treatment, indicating a rapid photochemical adjustment during the initial days of nutritional alteration. The JIP test parameters stood out for distinguishing between treatments, although the performance indices (PITOTAL and PIABS) did not allow for such distinction, suggesting the action of regulatory mechanisms to maintain energy and avoid photoinhibition. Additionally, a second ex situ study focused on Canavalia rosea, which was cultivated with nutrient solution and subjected to high concentrations of Cu, Mn, and Zn. The results revealed that Cu had the most deleterious effect on photosynthetic attributes, while Zn stimulated protective mechanisms. FChl indicated inhibition of electron transport and increased energy dissipation, evidencing photochemical damage. The increased production of phenolic compounds suggested an antioxidant response to stress caused by these metals. Chlorophyll a fluorescence proved to be an effective tool for monitoring the impacts of mineral waste contamination in the Restinga ecosystem. The Restinga plants developed adaptive mechanisms, such as cyclic electron transport, to mitigate oxidative damage and maintain photosynthetic productivity during mineral stress both in situ and ex situ. This study provides valuable insights for the conservation and rehabilitation of fragile ecosystems affected by environmental disasters
- ItemAlgas marinhas e melatonina na indução da tolerância ao calor e déficit hídrico no mamoeiro e pimenteira-do-reino(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-02-28) Ferreira, Thayanne Rangel; Falqueto, Antelmo Ralph; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-1873 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2005727951505420; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-3887 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2774515498172723; Silva, Diolina Moura; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-280X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0341541450627705; Milanez, Camilla Rozindo Dias; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9516-2031; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1288447995978779; Souza, Thiago Corrêa de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4991-7704 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2834667104138232Abiotic stresses cause physiological and biochemical imbalances, such as stomatal closure, reduced photosynthesis, alterations in water balance, biomass allocation, and carbohydrate metabolism, ultimately compromising plant growth and productivity. One strategy to minimize the effects of these stresses in agriculture is the use of biostimulants. This study aimed to develop and validate sustainable strategies using seaweed extracts and melatonin to mitigate heat and water deficit in plants, promoting crop resilience and contributing to more sustainable and productive agriculture.Three experiments were conducted. The first evaluated two commercial products (Baltiko® and Acadian®), both containing extracts from the seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum, applied to ‘Aliança’ papaya (Carica papaya L.) seedlings. Six doses (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 mL L⁻¹) were applied weekly for four weeks during two distinct periods under moderate and high temperature conditions. The two following studies involved drought and recovery trials with ‘Aliança’ papaya seedlings and black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) v. Bragantina. Prior to the imposition of drought stress, foliar applications of melatonin and seaweed extracts (Ascophyllum nodosum and Lithothamnium calcareum) were carried out. The results showed that the effectiveness of the commercial products Baltiko® and Acadian® varied depending on the dose and climatic conditions. Baltiko® stood out in improving water use efficiency, while Acadian® enhanced gas exchange and boron uptake. Therefore, dose adjustment according to environmental conditions is recommended: 3 mL L⁻¹ under moderate temperatures and 6 mL L⁻¹ under high temperatures. Under heat stress, increased evaporation and vapor pressure deficit reduce product availability to the plant, requiring higher doses to ensure treatment efficacy. Foliar applications of melatonin, A. nodosum, and L. calcareum were effective in mitigating the effects of drought stress in both ‘Aliança’ papaya and Bragantina black pepper seedlings. These treatments promoted higher water retention by lowering leaf water potential and favored the recovery of leaf water potential after rehydration periods. In papaya, chlorophyll a fluorescence revealed that photosynthetic functionality was more affected during the second drought cycle, with inhibition of the photosynthetic apparatus at that stage. In contrast, in black pepper, the greatest impact on photosynthetic performance occurred during the first drought cycle. Water stress reduced chlorophyll content, possibly as a strategy to minimize photo-oxidative damage. Among the tested biostimulants, melatonin and L. calcareum stood out by enhancing vegetative growth, indicating better adaptation to water deficit conditions
- ItemFenologia de genótipos de Coffea canephora de diferentes ciclos de maturação(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-02-11) Crasque, Jeane; Milanez, Camilla Rozindo Dias ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9516-2031; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1288447995978779; Arantes, Sara Dousseau ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2731-4195; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0806867434083018; Partelli, Fábio Luiz; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8830-0846; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6730543200776161; Cavatte, Paulo Cezar ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-7673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8029279967950425; Lara, Túlio Silva ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4669-3319; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4770463407331465; Barbosa, João Paulo Rodrigues Alves Delfino ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2624-966X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3726934049618860This study aimed to evaluate the phenological development of Coffea canephora genotypes at early, intermediate, and late maturation stages. Three experiments were conducted, focusing on seed quality, phenological development, and leaf characteristics. The study took place at the Experimental Farm of the Capixaba Institute of Research, Technical Assistance, and Rural Extension (INCAPER) in Marilândia in Espírito Santo, Brazil. The first experiment analyzed the seed development of early and late maturation genotypes, aiming to identify maturation progression and physiological quality. The early maturing genotype began germination at 202 days after anthesis (DAA), while the late maturing genotype began at 230 DAA. The optimal harvest point occurred at the cherry maturation stage, with the early genotype reaching maximum physiological quality at 244 DAA and the late genotype at 326 DAA. The second experiment evaluated meteorological data, vegetative and reproductive development of the genotypes. Phenology was recorded from the dormant bud phase to the cherry coffee stage, revealing that all genotypes had a main flowering in September. However, early genotypes had a significant flowering also in July, while the late genotype 143 showed the highest yield. Photoperiod and precipitation were decisive in vegetative growth, with peaks observed in spring and summer. The third experiment assessed leaf development and carbohydrate content. Leaf emission followed a nonlinear logistic model, but with significant differences between genotypes. The genotype 143 exhibited more pronounced leaf growth in the spring, while the others showed greater growth in the summer. Climatic conditions influenced the starch and soluble sugar levels in the leaves, with higher concentrations of reducing sugars during periods of slow growth. It is concluded that the differences between genotypes should be considered when choosing the optimal harvest time, prioritizing the cherry maturation stage. Photoperiod and precipitation are the factors that most affect coffee development, with early-maturing genotypes being more sensitive to climate fluctuations. The study highlights the importance of integrating genetic and climatic factors to optimize coffee production