Mestrado em Física
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Mestrado Acadêmico
Ano de início: 1992
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Parecer CES/CNE nº 487/2018, homologado pela Port. MEC 609, publicado no DOU em 18/03/2019.
Periodicidade de seleção: Semestral
Área(s) de concentração: Física
Url do curso: https://fisica.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGFis/detalhes-do-curso?id=1508
Navegar
Submissões Recentes
- ItemKinks em AdS2: configurações BPS em teorias de campo escalar(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-03-25) Battisti, Geórgia Sant’Anna; Sotkov, Galen Mihaylov; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7276-016X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6372536076880230; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4887-0913; ; Martins, Gabriel Luchini; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6627-3034; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3344738411070832; Gonçalves, Sergio Vitorino de Borba; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8570-9750; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4992784379693871; Silva, Ulysses Camara; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0409-5284; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6782992379960964In this work, we investigate the properties and behavior of BPS kinks in the context of curved spacetimes, particularly in two-dimensional Anti-de Sitter space (AdS2). BPS kinks are topological solitons in 1+1 dimensions that connect different vacua of a potential and minimize the energy of the system, satisfying simplified first-order equations. We examine how the curvature of AdS space influences the properties and asymptotic behavior of BPS kinks, the stability of these solutions, and the condition of minimum energy. The work is divided into chapters that cover the fundamentals of solitons in Minkowski spacetime, the construction of BPS solutions in AdS, and applications to the ϕ4 model
- ItemDa física da luz à modelagem estelar: uma análise dos processos físicos e das equações de estrutura estelar(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-12-12) Barcellos, Vinícius Alexandre Gomes; Velten, Hermano Endlich Schneider; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5155-7998; Fabris, Júlio Cesar; Eraso, Gustavo Andres GuerreroThis work addresses fundamental aspects of modern astrophysics, focusing on three main areas: the theory of radiation, the equations of stellar structure, and stellar modeling. The first part discusses the interaction between light and matter, highlighting the formulation of Planck’s Law, as well as the applications of photometry and spectroscopy in determining stellar parameters. In the second part, the fundamental equations governing stellar structure, derived from fluid mechanics, are presented, along with their relation to hydrostatic equilibrium and energy transport. The final part addresses stellar modeling, introducing the Lane-Emden equation and its modifications in the relativistic context and in modified gravity theories, with an emphasis on the beyond-Horndeski theory. These theories aim to expand the frontier of knowledge in astrophysics and cosmology, seeking to eliminate the need for "bizarre" components in the universe.
- ItemDessalinização da água e seletividade iônica em membranas de grafeno kagome(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-12-20) Ferreira, Rhayla Mendes; Souza, Fábio Arthur Leão de; Pansini, Fernando Néspoli Nassar; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8984-686X; Albuquerque Filho, Marcelo Fabio Costa; Scopel, Wanderlã LuisPopulation growth in major urban centers and the high demand from industries increase the need for potable water. However, approximately 97% of the water available on our planet is found in seas and oceans. Additionally, the quantity and quality of accessible freshwater are directly affected by global warming, making the search for new techniques and materials to obtain potable water essential. This dissertation investigates the potential of Kagome graphene (KG), 2-triangulene, and 3-triangulene membranes in desalination processes and ion selectivity. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with KG membranes in saline solutions (0.5 M and 1.0 M) and uniform electric fields ranging from 0 to 0.5263 V ·nm−1 were conducted to assess system viability. It was observed that the 2-triangulene membrane allowed the natural passage of water molecules but retained ions in the absence of an electric field, indicating promising behavior for desalination processes. Below 0.0877 V ·nm−1, 2-triangulene exhibited greater selectivity for Na+, while above 0.0877 V ·nm−1, it retained more ions than the 3-triangulene membrane, even at higher salt concentrations. Both membranes displayed non-ohmic behavior. Although complete desalination was not achieved, the ion selectivity and performance of the 2-triangulene membrane open new possibilities for optimizing membrane design and adapting this technology to various industrial contexts, contributing to advances in water purification technologies.
- ItemA classificação de Bianchi e a construção de Taub das métricas cosmológicas anisotrópicas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-07-15) Scardini, Lucas Oliveira; Gonçalves, Sergio Vitorino de Borba ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Monerat, Germano Amaral; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Alvarenga, Flávio Gimenes; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Spalenza, Wesley; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/The study of the cosmos is of utmost importance for understanding the origin of the Universe. One of the foundations in these studies is the metric used, which is commonly homogeneous and isotropic. However, there are works that utilize anisotropic or inhomogeneous metrics. Anisotropic metrics have been divided into different types by the work of Abraham Taub, who based his classification on Luigi Bianchi’s classification of anisotropic manifolds. This dissertation has two objectives: the first is to construct anisotropic metrics starting with a simple review of general relativity. The second is to demonstrate the importance of studying models that do not adhere to the cosmological principle
- ItemConjuntos de bases para todos elétrons de H até Xe específicos para cálculos ZORA: aplicações em átomos e moléculas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-08-23) Gomes, Carolayne Silva; Canal Neto, Antônio; Jorge, Francisco Elias; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8548-3918; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Scopel, Wanderlã Luís; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Souza, Fábio Arthur Leão de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/Segmented basis set of quadruple zeta valence quality plus polarization functions (QZP) for H through Xe was developed to be used in conjunction with the ZORA Hamiltonian. This set was augmented with diffuse functions to adequately describe electrons farther away from the nuclei. Using the ZORA-CCSD(T)/QZP-ZORA theoretical model, atomic ionization energies and bond lengths, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and atomization energies of some molecules were calculated. It is verified that the addition of core-valence corrections improves the agreement between the theoretical and experimental results of the molecular properties. For atomization energies, a similar finding occurs when spin-orbit couplings are considered. With the augmented QZP-ZORA set, static mean dipole polarizabilities of a set of atoms were computed and compared with previously published recommended and experimental values. For each property studied, evaluations of the ZORA and Douglas-Kroll-Hess Hamiltonians were made.