Mestrado em Assistência Farmacêutica

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Navegando Mestrado em Assistência Farmacêutica por Assunto "Atenção primária à saúde"

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    Implementação de serviços clínicos providos por farmacêuticos na atenção primária à saúde: uma revisão de escopo
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-02-16) Paolinelli, João Pedro Vasconcelos; Pereira, Mariana Linhares; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3214-2789; Santos Júnior, Genival Araújo dos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5618-1846; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Reis, Tiago Marques dos; dc.contributor.referee1ID; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Baldoni, André de Oliveira; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
    Introduction: The implementation of Clinical Pharmacy Services in management and clinical practice settings is a strategic action to improve clinical, economic and humanistic outcomes in various health conditions and in different contexts. However, such services are not uniformly disseminated in health systems around the world, and when they are, they often do not complete their implementation process or are not sustained in the long term, as it is difficult to ensure the effectiveness of these services in the "real world". Thus, there is a need to comprehensively understand and characterize how the process of implementing these services takes place, especially in Primary Health Care. Objective: To map the studies on the implementation of Clinical Pharmacy Services in the context of Primary Health Care. Methods: A scoping review was developed and presented in two chapters. Chapter 01 deals with the scoping review protocol, which was written following the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. The review protocol was registered with the Open Science Framework under the number 10.17605/OSF.IO/N25EA. Chapter 2 deals with the scoping review. A search was carried out in six electronic databases, in the gray literature and in the references of the selected studies, until May 2023. Original studies describing the process of implementing Clinical Pharmacy Services in Primary Health Care were eligible. Two researchers independently screened, selected and extracted data from the selected articles. The variables collected were: author(s), country; objective(s); study design; participants; type of clinical pharmacy service; use of models as an implementation guide; implementation phase; place of service provision; implementation outcomes. The data was presented in descriptive form. Results: The protocol was developed and submitted to a scientific journal. For the scoping review, 97 studies were included, the majority 85.6% (n=83) carried out in developed countries. There was a strong focus on qualitative and mixed-methods research, 46.4% (n=45). Only 22.7% (n=22) used theoretical models as a research guide, and the majority 96.9% (n=94) did not report the implementation phase. Comprehensive medication management 36.8% (n=35) was the most cited type of service. The most highly rated implementation outcome was feasibility 73.2% (n=71). Almost half (47.4%, n=46) evaluated clinical, economic and/or humanistic outcomes. Conclusion: This study has shown, in general terms, how Clinical Pharmacy Services are implemented in the different realities of Primary Health Care around the world. There was a need to redirect the evaluation focus of these studies towards measures that assess coverage, cost-effectiveness, as well as clinical and humanistic outcomes, in order to achieve sustainability in the future. Furthermore, future research into the implementation of these services should use conceptual models and quality reporting tools in order to have a greater chance of success at all stages of the implementation process and the ability to replicate/adapt the evidence generated.