Biotecnologia

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http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17565
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia

Centro: CCS
Telefone: (27) 3335 7447
URL do programa: http://www.biotecnologia.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGBIOTEC

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Navegando Biotecnologia por Assunto "Acidente vascular cerebral"

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    Análise de um sistema de reabilitação para membros superiores utilizando ambiente de realidade virtual baseado em Kinect e sEMG
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-02-29) Cardoso, Vivianne Flavia; Frizera Neto, Anselmo; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Nogueira, Breno Valentim; Ferreira, André; Andrade, Adriano de Oliveira
    Impaired motor function appears as one of the most common symptoms stroke. When the upper limbs are affected, carrying out daily activities is compromised. The recent developments in the field of rehabilitation are exercises in virtual reality environment (RV). Another method used for rehabilitation of the upper limbs of patients after stroke is the EMG biofeedback. Through this biofeedback, the myoelectric signals from the muscle are converted into visual and audio information that allows the patient to control and regulate muscle activity. The objective of this work is to design and evaluate a new form of rehabilitation by biofeedback using RV and surface electromyography (sEMG) to complement conventional therapy upper limb post-stroke patients. The system was developed in accordance with the requirements in the design phase and design, considering the patient's functional limitations, residual skills, a motivating environment and ease of use. He is able to provide feedback of sEMG, the result (through the score in the game) and the angle described. The three games developed, aims to motivate the patient to perform elbow extension movements and meet the principles of motor learning. To develop and evaluate the system experiments were conducted with individuals without motor or neurological involvement. Analyzing the graph obtained by the myoelectric signal filtered and rectified is possible to observe a co-contraction of Bícpes Brachial (BB) and Trícpes Brachial (TB). When we analyze the results of feedback, the data show that and were not found significas differences (p = 0.9216) when playing with the dominant arm (BD) versus non-dominant (BND). However a significant difference is observed when comparing both arms versus BD (BD / BND) and p = 0.0003 vs. BND BD / BND, p = 0.0018. The results of the evaluations through the System Usability Scale (SUS), in the experiments of stage 2 (E2) was ± 81.4; SD ± 3.4 and stage 3 for participants (E3 / P) ± 82.5; SD ± 14.3 and rehabilitation professionals (E3 / PR) ± 81.1; SD ± 7.4). In Goal Attainment Scale (GAS), E2 was ± 73.3; SD ± 2.7; E3 / P ± 72.2; SD ± 6.1 and E3 / PR ± 73.5; SD ± 2.7. The results show good acceptance of the system by the users, and that the objectives expected during the use of the system have been achieved.
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    Análise do padrão de ativação muscular de indivíduos hemiparéticos pós-AVC em marcha assistida por andador robótico
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-02-20) Loterio, Flávia Aparecida; Frizera Neto, Anselmo; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Andrade, Adriano de Oliveira; Nogueira, Breno Valentim
    Stroke is a leading cause of damages in the neuromuscular system. Robotic devices have been widely developed and studied in order to be used in gait assistance and gait training during the rehabilitation. The goal of this work is to evaluate the assisted gait by the AROW (Assistive Robotic Walker) in post stroke hemiparetic individuals through accelerometer signals and surface Electromyography (sEMG) analysis. The analyzed muscles are vastus medialis (VM), biceps femoris (BF), tibialis anterior (TA) and gastrocnemius medialis (GM). Furthermore, the evaluation methods GAS (Goal Attainment Scaling) and SUS (System Usability Scale) were used. Nine hemiparetic subjects participate of the experiments. The gait speed was decreased using the walker and, consequently, there were some changes in the duration of gait phases, for instance longer of support phase (p = 0.0174). The muscle activation pattern for the analyzed group did not show statistically significant difference (onset VM: p= 0.4999; offset VM: p= 0.5647; onset BF: p= 0.1186; offset BF: p= 0.7823; onset TA: p= 0.5833; offset TA: p= 0.8393; onset GM: p= 0.6077; offset GM: p= 0.1429).. However, assessing the muscle activation pattern individually, some benefic changes can be noted, for example, the reduced co-activation between tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius medial. The results of evaluations through GAS (54.8) and SUS (81.4) about the use of the AROW showed good acceptance among users, and the desired results during the use of the walker were achieved. The fast adaptation, easiness of use and feeling of safety when using the device are positive points that were obtained using the AROW.
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    Evaluating the effect of the simultaneous cerebrospinal stimulation, motor imagery, virtual reality and pedaling on post-stroke patients
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-09-16) Mehrpour, Sheida; Andrade, Adriano de Oliveira ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5689-6606; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1229329519982110; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1185-2773; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3761585497791105; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1217-8071; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4006017652838495; Espírito Santo, Caroline Cunha; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8657-9532; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4920759696380516; Rodríguez, Denis Delisle ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8937-031X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7140331839822423 ; Fernandez, Antônio Alberto Ribeiro ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0535-9349; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4696507759154477; Nogueira, Breno Valentim ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2199-0635; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0011229320439147
    Technology in medicine is transforming the healthcare landscape by enhancing diagnostics, treatment, and patient management. With the integration of advanced tools and systems, healthcare professionals can deliver more accurate and timely care. Innovations such as telemedicine, artificial intelligence, and electronic health records streamline processes and improve communication among providers. Additionally, technology facilitates personalized medicine, allowing treatments to be tailored to individual patients based on their unique needs. The ongoing evolution of medical technology not only increases efficiency but also expands access to healthcare, ensuring that patients receive the best possible outcomes. As technology continues to advance, its role in medicine will become even more pivotal in shaping the future of healthcare. Stroke is the leading cause of acquired physical disability in humans, and the second largest cause of global mortality. Technology in stroke rehabilitation plays a vital role in enhancing recovery outcomes for patients. Advanced tools such as virtual reality, robotics, Brain-Computer Interface based on Motor Imagery (BCI-MI), Non Invasive Brain Stimulation (NIBS) techniques, and telehealth platforms offer innovative ways to engage patients in their rehabilitation process. Virtual reality can simulate real life scenarios, helping patients practice daily activities in a safe environment, while robotic exoskeletons assist in retraining motor functions through repetitive movements. Telehealth enables remote therapy sessions, providing continuous support and flexibility for patients to engage in their recovery from home. Additionally, wearable devices allow for real-time monitoring of progress, ensuring that treatment plans can be adjusted to meet individual needs effectively. Overall, these technological advancements are reshaping stroke rehabilitation, making it more personalized, accessible, and efficient. Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation (NIBS) techniques, such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcutaneous spinal Direct Current Stimulation (tsDCS), are increasingly being applied in stroke rehabilitation to enhance recovery outcomes. These methods work by modulating neuronal activity in targeted brain regions, promoting neuroplasticity and facilitating motor function recovery. By improving communication between brain areas affected by the stroke and those responsible for movement, NIBS can help patients regain lost skills more effectively. As research continues to advance, these techniques hold promise for optimizing rehabilitation strategies and improving the quality of life for stroke survivors. The main objective of this study is to develop new, low-cost rehabilitation methods to patients with subacute to chronic stroke, aiming to increase neuroplasticity and improve motor function through combining methods such as tDCS plus tsDCS, VR, MI and pedaling exercise. This research are divided into three separate Chapters to assess both the long-term effects (Chapter I) and the immediate effects (Chapters II and III) of the intervention. In chapter I, the study was set up with the Alternative Treatment Design (ATD), comprising three phases: baseline, sham stimulation, and real stimulation. For Chapters II and III, the study design was defined as a pre- and post-stimulation assessment. For the experiment in the first Chapter, four subacute hemiparetic stroke patients were selected. The same experiment and participants were recruited for Chapters two and three, but the methodology for evaluating the effects of the intervention differed between these Chapters. For Chapters two and three, a total of eight participants were selected, including four patients and four healthy individuals. In both experiments, participants were randomly assigned to two groups to receive cerebrospinal stimulation, according to two different protocols (conventional and periodic). Participants in the conventional stimulation group received 20 minutes of stimulation, while those in the periodic stimulation group underwent two 13-minute stimulation sessions separated by a 20-minute rest period. The anode electrode was placed over the M1 region of the affected hemisphere, guided by the 10/20 International System. The cathode electrode was positioned centrally on the spinous process of the thoracic vertebra at T11 (T10-T12) by palpation. For the first experiment the results were evaluated using surface electromyography (sEMG), Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC), Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Lower Extremity (FMA-LE), miniBESTest, goniometry, 10-meter walk test (10MWT), pedaling speed, as well as specific stroke scales. In the second experiment, in addition to stimulation, Virtual Reality was used to enhance Motor Imagery (MI) effect in order to evaluate the combined effect on Mu and Beta bands modulation in post-stroke patients and healthy individuals. Results from the second experiment were analyzed using quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) measures, such as cortical topography based on mean amplitude values, brain connectivity parameters such as Phase Locking Value (PLV) and Magnitude Squared Coherence (MSC). For Chapter III, the Hjorth parameters (activity, mobility, complexity) were used across two assessment sessions, pre- and post-stimulation. The results of the experiment presented in Chapter I indicated significant improvements in muscle contraction, motor function and gait among patients. Participants in the conventional stimulation protocol group showed enhancements in tibialis muscle contraction, as assessed by sEMG and ankle dorsiflexion goniometry. In contrast, those in the periodic stimulation protocol exhibited improvements in motor function measures such as FML-LE, MiniBestest, and the 10- meter walk. Findings from the Chapter II experiment revealed different patterns of brain connectivity under the combined effects of cerebello-spinal stimulation, along with VR and MI, in both patients and healthy controls, emphasizing the need for personalized treatments for post-stroke patients. Results of Chapter III showed that the beta band is more sensitive to modulation by the combined methods compared to the Mu band, which was more reactive in patients than in healthy controls. The Activity parameter had a greater influence on the modulation of Mu and Beta bands in both patients and healthy controls. While the Mobility parameter showed greater influence in patients, the Complexity parameter was more sensitive in healthy controls. Due to the variability of the results and the small sample size, it was challenging to distinguish the effects of the two stimulation protocols in Chapters II and III
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    Jogos sérios para reabilitação de membros inferiores de pacientes pós-AVC utilizando kinect, ambientes virtuais e sinais mioelétricos
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-11-17) Lyra, Janaína de Oliveira Muniz; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Fernandes, Antônio Alberto Ribeiro; Naves, Eduardo Lázaro Martins
    Incapacities are the most common symptoms after stroke. When lower limbs are affected, the performance of daily activities are compromised. A recent development in the rehabilitation field is the use of serious games composed of virtual environments (VE) associated with sEMG Biofeedback to increase and improve the performance of rehabilitation. Through this biofeedback, myoelectric signals are converted into visual and auditory information, allowing patients to control their muscle activity. The objective of this work is to design and evaluate an assistive technology (AT), based on serious games, focused on the rehabilitation of lower limbs of post-stroke volunteers. This AT is composed of VEs and sensors of motion and surface electromyography (sEMG). The system has been developed considering the functional limitations and residual abilities of the target audience, seeking to create a motivating environment. The developed system provides the user with biofeedback in real time, showing his/her muscle activation level in the screen of the VA. The VEs aim to motivate volunteers to perform the movements of stand-up/sit-down and extension/flexion. In order to evaluate the system, trials were performed with nine post-stroke volunteers, which assessed the system through the following questionnaires: System Usability Scale metrics (SUS), Goal Attainment Scale (GAS) and Virtual Environment Assessment Questionnaire (QAAV). Based on the results, the system was well evaluated, highlighting some points to be improved in future releases. Moreover, an analysis of the myoelectric signals and range of motion showed that the system was efficient to accomplish its main purpose.