Mestrado em Educação Física
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Navegando Mestrado em Educação Física por Assunto "Adolescentes"
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- ItemComparação das variáveis antropométricas e das respostas cardiopulmonares de alunos de educação física atletas e não atletas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-03-23) Perez, Tomás do Nascimento; Carletti, Luciana; Vancini, Rodrigo Luiz; Marques, AdilsonIntroduction: There are some immediate benefits that the practice of physical activity can bring to children and adolescents, one of them being the physical aptitude related to health. Among these benefits we can highlight improvements in flexibility, muscular strength and cardio respiratory fitness. Despite the benefits the practice of physical activity brings to health, many studies have demonstrate that the percentage of young people whit insufficient levels of physical activity is high. From projects within the physical education classes and extracurricular activities, the schools can play an important role in creating healthy habits and improving adolescent’s cardio respiratory fitness. However, although school-age adolescents may be involved in some kind of physical activity during classes, this does not guarantee they may be experiencing physical efforts adequate intensities and periods of time sufficient to induce physiological adaptations to focused on healthy. Objective: To compare the anthropometric variables and cardiopulmonary responses among school-age adolescents who practice physical education and those who, together with this activity, are part of the sports training program offered by the school. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 21 non-athlete adolescents (12 girls and 9 boys) and 24 athletes (8 girls and 16 boys), aged 14 to 15 years. Beyond cardiopulmonary fitness, adolescents were submitted to weight, height, fat percentage, physical activity level, sexual maturation and flexibility test. The cardiopulmonary exercise test was performed on an ergometric treadmill (Inbrasport Super ATL, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil), using the Metalyzer 3B Cortex gas analyzer. Statistical analysis was used Student's t-test for comparisons between groups, and the statistical significance was p <0.05. Results: No significant differences were found between the athlete and non-athlete groups for the anthropometric variables, regardless of sex. However, the group of male athletes presented better VO2 máx. results. When compared to the non-athlete group, the same did not occur with the girls. Conclusion: It was concluded that only the boys from the Athlete Group had higher cardiorespiratory fitness when compared to the Group of non-athletes, suggesting the influence of the sports training on the results.
- ItemEstudo do limiar anaeróbico ventilatório em adolescentes com peso normal e excesso de peso(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-03-16) Gomes, Kamilla Bolonha; Perez, Anselmo José; Carletti, Luciana; Rondon, Maria Urbana Pinto BrandãoThe aim of this study was to identify and compare the values of cardiorespiratory variables at ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) of adolescents of both genders with normal weight, overweight and obesity. The participants were 311 adolescents aged among 10 and 14 years (163 girls and 148 boys), students in the municipality of Vitória/ES. We measured body weight and height to calculate body mass index (BMI). From the classification by BMI, the criteria of the World Health Organization (2007), adolescents were divided into groups: normal weight (NWG), overweight (OWG) and obesity (OG). They underwent a resting electrocardiogram, and then performed the cardiopulmonary exercise test on a treadmill (Inbrasport Super ATL) using ergospirometer MedGraphics Corporation (MGC) and performing the ramp protocol, consisting in a progressive increase speed and incline of the treadmill. The VAT was identified by the V-slope method and/or the ventilatory equivalent of oxygen (VE/VO 2). To assess cardiorespiratory fitness in VAT the following variables were analyzed: oxygen consumption (VO2 L.min -1 and ml.kg -1 .min -1 ), carbon dioxide production (VCO2 L.min -1 ), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), minute ventilation (VE L.min -1 ), heart rate (HR beats.min -1 ), VE/VO 2, ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide (VE/VCO2), percentage of maximal O 2 (%VO2max VAT ) and maximal HR (%HR max VAT ) and speed (km/h). Statistical analysis was performed one-way ANOVA for comparisons of cardiorespiratory variables and the variable related to the workload between the three BMI classifications and classifications of BMI in each gender; Student's t test for comparisons between genders considering p < 0.05 for statistical significance. The main results were: VO2 VAT (ml.kg -1 .min -1 ) was higher for NWG compared to OWG and OG (20.0 ±7.3; 16.5 ±5.9 and 13, 6 ±3.2, respectively), there was no statistical difference between OWG and OG for VO2 VAT (ml.kg -1 .min -1 ), there was no statistical difference between groups for FC VAT , HRmax, %HRmax, RTRVAT and VelVAT ; when comparing gender, the boys had the highest averages for NWG VO2 VAT (L.min -1 and ml.kg -1 .min -1 ), VCO 2 VAT (L.min -1 ), RTR VAT, VE VAT (L.min -1 ) and speed (km/h) than girls the same group, there was no statistical difference between genders in OWG, except for VO2max (higher in boys than in girls), and OG, except for %HRmax VAT (higher in girls than in boys). It can be concluded from this study that overweight adolescents had impaired cardiorespiratory fitness (submaximal level) compared to normal weight adolescents. The overweight adolescents are similar to obese, cardiorespiratory responses in terms of the VAT, showing that the former present a cardiorespiratory fitness as low as the last. Boys and girls with overweight showed no differences in cardiorespiratory responses in LAV, signaling the reduction of gender differences in this age group, usually found in adolescents with normal weight due to the process of growth and maturational status.
- ItemRelações pedagógicas da Educação Física com crianças e adolescentes em tratamento oncológico(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-08-06) Galvão, Emmily Rodrigues; Mello, Andre da Silva; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1466918874732141; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8383833925075343; Barbosa, Raquel Firmino Magalhaes; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0450328137872217; Chicon, Jose Francisco; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-8604; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3869508834388913This research aims to study the pedagogical relations of Physical Education with children and teenagers in treatment for cancer, through games and play. The goals are: a) To analyze the challenges and possibilities of the pedagogical relations of Physical Education with children and teenagers in treatment for cancer, through the university extension project „Playing is the Best Medicine‟; b) To discuss possible didactic-pedagogical premises for Physical Education to mediate knowledge with children and teenagers in treatment for cancer, based on the pedagogical relations experienced in the project; and c) To discuss the formative process of Physical Education teachers for pedagogical mediation with children and teenagers in treatment for cancer, based on lived experience. To this end, this research applies Collaborative Action-Research methodology, which made possible the mediation between the pedagogical relations of Physical Education in the project „Playing is the Best Medicine‟, the analysis of the knowledge originated from these relations and the formative processes derived from them. The subjects of the research are 88 children and 43 teenagers in treatment for cancer, their family members and a multidisciplinary Acacci staff (pedagogue, social worker, social work intern, and social educator). In the Collaborative Action-Research, the data were systematized in a field diary, still and moving iconographic images (pictures and video), drawings and narratives of the subjects spontaneously produced in the project‟s day-to-day. In the process of analysis, the data derived from different sources were triangulated, in permanent dialogue with the epistemological and theoretical premises that guide this research. As the main results, we point to three pedagogical orientations, being: reactive input, interaction and mediation and the categories that emerged and were analyzed from these pedagogical relations, being: intergenerational relations, family relations, collaborative relations, and teacher formation. The data analyzed indicate that the closeness generated by means of reactive input, associated with the processes of interaction and pedagogical mediation, makes possible actions of relaxation and joy, that favored the promotion of autonomy, authorship, creativity and protagonism of the children and teenagers in treatment for cancer, who could externalize their cultural productions and the different forms of appropriation of the games and play available in the project.