Ciências Sociais

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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais

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Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 81

A agroecologia no contexto dos assentamentos de reforma agrária do Espírito Santo : projetos e mediações subjacentes
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-03-25) Silva, Lyncoln Wchoa da Silveira e; Mongim, Andréa Bayerl; Canavesi, Flaviane Carvalho; Scarim, Paulo César; Colbari, Antônia de Lourdes
A ambivalência dos posicionamentos da oficialidade eclesiástica e a renovação carismática católica : uma proposta de interpretação
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011-10-03) Mello, André Almeida de; Macedo, Silvia Lopes da Silva; Colbari, Antônia de Lourdes; Sales, Lilian Maria Pinto
The subject of this dissertation is the ambivalence that has been characteristic of the stances of the Brazilian catholic ecclesiastic hierarchy on the issue of the Charismatic Catholic Renewal (CCR). It starts discussing the origin, development and main characteristics of the CCR. Following, a historical perspective of the stances of the Latin American, particularly Brazilian, catholic ecclesiastic hierarchy is presented, which are marked by ambivalence. Finally, one interpretation of the motives and tendencies of the ambivalence of the stances of the Brazilian catholic ecclesiastic hierarchy is presented, based on the theoretical framework of Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of religious field and Max Weber’s use of the concept of sacred state.
A construção de um problema social : o caso do "pó preto" e seu debate nas audiências públicas de licenciamento ambiental em Vitória/ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-06-12) Pinheiro, Larissa Franco de Mello Aquino; Vicente, Aline Trigueiro; Losekann, Cristiana; Rosa, Teresa Cristina da Silva; Knox, Winifred
An overview of the construction of an old social problem which is the air pollution generated by the enterprises located at Ponta do Tubarão and its effect on the city of Vitoria is presented. Fruit of the great developmental projects installed in the city from the 1960s on, such problem brings certain risks that have already met opposition by the population. In this topic, the targets of the analysis were the public hearings for environmental licensing which took place in Vitoria (ES) when there was a Production Expansion in Vale s Complex of Pelletizing (Plant VIII), in 2006, departing from the idea that they are public arenas where different social actors (State, businesses, and society to be impacted), who support distinct interests such as rationality, values, and projects related to the dispute for a social space, confront each other. It was investigated the way this form of social mobilization happen in the political arena that is called public hearings, that is, the way a social problem becomes visible and an object of mobilization. It was observed that the several social actors who take part in the public arena contend for spaces to broadcast their speeches and to position themselves in regard to the issues, thus revealing distinct discursive capacities, which become a differential in power in relation to each other.
A ditadura militar brasileira : diálogos entre a Sociologia e a arte socialmente engajada
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-03-23) Pinheiro, Evelyn Camila da Silva; Azevedo, Elaine de; Peled, Yiftah; Vicente, Aline Trigueiro
This essay aims to locate the Socially Engaged Art (SEA) within the field of Sociology. It seeks to understand how Sociology has looked at Art in the course of history and where there is room to absorb the possibilities of political engagement the ASE would allow Sociology to embrace. ASE is understood here as artistic practices allowing social, economic, environmental and political criticism. Through the ASE, artists use their poetics to construct such criticisms, conceding participation and the collaboration of spectators, as well as promoting questions about the current system. In this analysis, the interweaving between Sociology and Art is made from three important moments: the emergence of Sociology of Art, the transition to Sociological Art and later to the Socially Engaged Art. The historical of each moment is particular and crosses different contexts and countries, however, for the understanding of ASE the look was launched for the Brazilian Military Dictatorship and how this political moment has benn approached by visual artists like Cildo Meireles, Arthur Barrio, Hélio Oiticica and Antonio Manuel. Currently the subject has been approached by Rafael Pagatini, an artist rooted in Espírito Santo. Two of his recent exhibitions were attended in this research. A qualitative approach is used, through documentary and bibliographical analysis in order to understand the Socially Engaged Art and the possibilities of dialogue with the Social Sciences.
A ideia de descentramento em Roberto Schwarz
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-12-10) Costa, Igor Nunes; Brito Junior, Bajonas Teixeira de; Delmaschio, Andréia Penha; Ribeiro, Adelia Maria Miglievich
This idea of decentering in Roberto Schwarz, arising from subordinated insertion of Brazil in the international parallel to accommodation ideas of modernity by European relations favor of Brazilian society. It is analyzed in the works in which he discusses the development of the country, class relations and intellectual tradition in which it operates. This decentering is emphasized during the Independence of Brazil, made conservatively, when European ideas were put into gravitation elites in Brazilian slave society and patronizing. Such ideas have become ornaments, since the participation of elites in the benefits of advanced societies only be wrought under the economic exploitation and political domination update installed in that period and with the advance of capital. Ideas, so that did not have the same effect it had on countries of origin, always being displaced by favor. Given the relative autonomy of culture facing the economy, the process of formation of Brazil, law, architecture, literature, customs were brought into the country and implemented, contributing to the mismatch between domestic and foreign culture, which is ours under these conditions maladjusted. One of these ideas, the development, founded on science and technology, advancing by leaps stimulated economic structure without due process monitoring social to tell him about it. In fact, according to the regression of this process, since the technological advancement of the core countries could not be accompanied by peripherals, as this keeps advancing, with those countries, ownership of the new product, more productive, making it impossible for the peripheral countries follow the levels of competition, productivity and effectiveness of core. Advancing therefore no related investments in social areas that sustain this progress, exclusion, social segregation, inequality and relations of favor with your choice of components, hierarchy, violence replenished constantly.
A lei de execução penal e sua finalidade ressocializadora : o caso de "Bubu"
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-06-28) Araújo, Tatiana Daré; Rodrigues, Márcia Barros Ferreira; Dadalto, Maria Cristina; Carvalho, Thiago Fabres de
One of the issues discussed in the Brazilian penitentiary system is the constant violation of human rights of inmates due to increased crime and violence inside and outside prisons. It is found that the prison system, and state political institution works in a distorted view of their proposed resocializing and below the limits of democracy. Thus, it is evident, in the penal system, the contradiction about the criminal culture that relies on speech for security, while the loss of the monopoly of force by the state underlies the parallel power, with its own codes and standards that coexist with the law officers in the prison. Therefore, it is the aim of analyzing the operation as would prison system from the viewpoint of lawbreakers, and concerns also a systemic approach the arrangement in which are inserted in order to understand how demands and institutional structures, the architecture of space and time criminal, and the rules of the prison influence and shape the individual, to the point of changing their identity and understanding of the universe that surrounds him. He tried to understand the ways in which human rights are seized, reworked and negotiated as a means of survival, where there are three normative codes, either, official rules, extra-legal and disciplinary process that interfere with and reinforce the annihilation prisonization not only the status of citizen, but also the identity of these individuals, the source driving the individuality and reconstruction of self. Thus, the research was based on a comparative analysis on the perception of human rights to the internal dimensions in space and time in prison, two types of prison policies that work antagonistically, ie, the prison where the violation occurs human rights ("Tucum") and where consistent with those rights ("Bubu") in the Criminal Sentencing Act is being implemented. For this purpose, as the object of analysis methodology, the stories of the lives of inmates "Bubu", with the mark clipping oral theme, through the analysis on the spatial and temporal) past: history of previous imprisonment (pass " Tucum "to" Bubu "), b) this: how to identify and highlight the prison officers, employees and directors and c) future: perspectives on life when they leave prison. Thus, we attempted to understand the impacts of the Penal Execution Law Women in Prison Cariacica ("Bubu"), in the process of rehabilitation of inmates. In general, their narratives demonstrate that the proposed rehabilitation of the prison considered a model, has not been answered positively by the internal and responsible for their changes, but the person's own will, which reveals the contradictions and ambiguities of humanitarian policies. Also, in his reports, indicate a need to modify the behavior of prison officials, because of the discipline, rigidity and authoritarian way they are treated, showing the continued oppression and control, making them more angry, humiliated, subjugated and unable to have autonomy. Overcharging of prison in "Bubu" are also perceived by the characterization of being female that is directly linked to the constitution of their subjectivities, in contrast to the prison "Tucum" when the full access to belongings helped them rebuild their individuality, feeling become more happy and free. Finally, the moment you realize close to freedom, they fear a possible mismatch between the world that presents itself as a new, uncertain and challenging. Therefore, the interpretation of the results concludes that both prisons are human rights violators, albeit by different routes.
A morte sob outro ponto de vista : transformação do líder morto em mártir-encantado
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-08-31) Souza, Edimilson Rodrigues de; Ciccarone, Celeste; Matos, Sonia Missagia de; Godoi, Emilia Pietrafesa de
This research aims to highlight, from three ethnographic experiences, some of the manners for the translation of leaders assassinations, respectively union workers, religious, farmers and indigenous, in areas historically marked by intense land conflicts in Brazil: São Geraldo do Araguaia (PA), Ribeirão Cascalheira (MT) and Pesqueira (PE), in order to discuss the transformation/generation of Raimundo Ferreira Lima (Gringo), João Bosco Penido Burnier and Francisco de Assis Araújo (Xicão Xukuru) in the land martyrs and/or enchanted, made present in the pilgrimages arising from these events, the pilgrimages of the martyrs of the walk. The focus of the analysis will be the stories about these leaders "marked for death", which offer us tools to think about how their personal trajectory as well as the threats that preceded the ordered murders of these characters caused other points of view on the death/violence in these spaces of struggle. This topology is an attempt to organize one logic of thought that recognizes the transition between life and death, articulated by various experiences of conflict and confrontation, which underlie the right to remain in the territories historically occupied and appropriated by these collectives.
A serviço do desenvolvimento: considerações sobre o discurso da sustentabilidade no Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-03-29) Tonani, Fernando Machado; Vicente, Aline Trigueiro; Zanetti, Daniela; Silva, Sandro Jose da
It's the object of study analyze the construction and emergence of a discourse around the so-called "sustainable development" in the state of Espirito Santo during the 2000s within the evaluation of official government documents. It is used particularly the "zoneamento ecologico-econômico" of the Espirito Santo (ZEE-ES), a government instrument of control and land management explicitly based on the need for coordination between development and environmental preservation. Thus, we have as question, checking from the establishment of ZEE-ES, the articulation and materialization of the preservation and development ideas advocated as a new economic and defining model of a "New Espirito Santo".
Agir localmente, resistir globalmente: conexão Espírito Santo (Brasil) e Yasuní (Equador) por áreas livres de petróleo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-08-06) Castro, Julia Silva de; Losekann, Cristiana; Acselrad, Henri; Pinto, Nicole Soares
The present dissertation is the result of a qualitative research, operationalized by field observations, documentary research and semi-structured in-depth interviews. Aiming an intersection between the literature of the Contentious Politics and the environmental conflicts, it aims to contribute to the knowledge about the contestation process of those affected by the oil and gas industry in Latin America. The research is designed so as to understand not strictly the local aspects, but the intermediations between the local and the global, in view of the demands of actors gathered around the framework "affected by the oil and gas industry" that have crossed countries Latin America in networks of environmental activism. In this sense, we seek to understand how the local challenge is raised for international arenas, generating a transnational process of confrontation. In order to do so, the explanation is based on the empirical analysis of the construction of the Campaign "Not one more well" in the state of Espirito Santo, which involved several field trips accompanying its performances of confrontation in order to verify the occurrence of the activation of certain mechanisms. We understand that different valuations and practices are involved in the mobilization process and the broker has a great capacity to link local demands with more general frameworks with global projection, thus collaborating in the construction of meanings and resolutions of needs, of rights, in an emancipatory sense, in short, of societal alternatives. Finally, our conclusions are that the struggles in question place an element not considered in the agenda of the Contentious Politics, that is, they present confrontations that are of an ontological nature, where different worlds are in dispute.
Agora nós crescemos : a construção social da adolescência nos Quadrinhos Turma da Mônica Jovem
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-03-19) Chagas, Luciana Zamprogne; Martins, Sandra Regina Soares da Costa; Losekann, Cristiana; Matos, Sonia Missagia de; Alves, Andrea Moraes
This research aims to analyze the social construction of adolescence through Monica Teen. This research demonstrate how these narratives express social values and infer in youth symbols, focusing on what I called teen subcategory within contemporary conceptions of adolescence. I should point out that comics in this research will be understood as a cultural artifact, and therefore, it reflects society s values and points of view
Aldeia temática: projetos e experiências de etnoturismo entre os Guarani
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-07-04) Gasperazzo, Marcus Vinicius; Ciccarone, Celeste; Creado, Eliana Santos Junqueira; Creado, Eliana Santos Junqueira; Macedo, Valéria
Guarani groups living in the north coast of Espirito Santo (Brazil) in a region devastated by agribusiness and the recent implementation of new industrial enterprises, have been rehearsing new proposals for cultural projects and events, investing in the diversification of their activities in the ambit of ethnotourism. In this context, there has been the identification of village spaces as attractive for "exotic" and "alternative" cultural interventions with external investments potentially in favor of the groups, with significant refusals in indigenous visibility assemblages. We suggest drawing a trajectory of these negotiated scenarios, from the creation of a scenographic village to a rave, following the strategies of reappropriation and resignification of these spaces-time by the indigenous people and the tensions and socio-political reordering of the groups, from a perspective Which contemplates, at the same time, the strengthening of the way of being and living Guarani and the redefinition of relations / negotiations with the whites.
Angola, jeje e ketu : memórias e identidades em casas e nações de candomblé na Região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória (ES)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-01-28) Batista, Milena Xibile; Oliveira, Osvaldo Martins de; Silva, Sandro José da; Amorim, Cleyde Rodrigues
Angola, jeje and ketu: memories and identities at homes and nations of candomblé in the metropolitan area of Grande Vitória (ES), which is the subject of this dissertation, requires entering in the analyses of the native categories of the people of saint (povo de santo), and then pass the theoretical questions on these subjects. In the city of Serra there are the four “saint’s houses” (casas de santo) where the field research was carried out with 3 iyalorixás and 1 babalorixá, who share their memories and religious experiences writing a theoretical exercise about the history and formation of candomblé in Espírito Santo. In this state, which is not reference of this religion, this is on the rise. The concern of yards’ (terreiros) member comumunities is to transform part of the oral traditions in writing production. In the view of the political processes of legal recognition of cultural diversity, the debate took place around hybridization and multiple forms of identity. The charming and magical universe of candomblé is made by sounds of conga drums, dances, rituals and faith in forces of nature. The "sons of African diaspora" brought to Brazil were from various regions of Africa, which allows us understand the cultural diversity that marks those groups. On the basis of the syncretism between their own religions of African origin and the syncretism with Catholicism and spiritual doctrines, these religions are found from North to South of the country. This meeting of beliefs and rituals is so obvious that it is no longer said "African religions" but "Afro-Brazilian religions." Candomblé, since its emergence, has been created and recreated by the transmission of their traditions and rites. The oral tradition in the yards’ communities is one of the elements of their identity-building paths, from an internal organization and learning hierarchically transmitted by the depositories of knowledge, following an order of seniority of initiation, the old ones are the keepers of knowledge and secrets. Being an initiatory religion, learning occurs permanently, in particular the ritual language, where the exercise and the contact lead to cultural transmission. The “people of the saint” reconstructs a connection with an imagined community that dates back to Africa and develop relations of kinship among the fictional members of yards’ communities and form a saint’s family and axé.
"Aos pescadores, a modernidade!": trajetórias da política pesqueira na regulação da pesca artesanal
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-02-20) Cyrino, Carolina de Oliveira e Silva; Trigueiro, Aline; Knox, Winifred; Almeida, Marcelo Fetz de; Rosa, Teresa da Silva
This work is about on a 90-year temporary lapse of brazilian fishing policy, bringing an aproach that braids sociology and history, with the objective of analyzing how artisanal fishing and fishermen are identified and regulated in the trajectories of fishing policy. It should be emphasized that modernization and the developmentalism ideal were important strategies in the political actions taken by the State, which still rebounding today, especially in the artisanal activity, considering that this was hold over throughout the process of modernization of the fishing that has been altering both the environment of fishery production, such as the social reproduction of fishermen and their communities. From this problem, through documentary examination of rare historical records and analysis of normative content, we specifically sought to analyze the fishing policy from the project of nationalization of fishing (1919), which created the colonies of fishermen in Brazil until the National Fisheries and Aquaculture Development Policy (2009). Was also analyzed the forms established by the State in the identification and regulation of artisanal fishing and fishermen and, consequently, the reverberations of the developmental model in the political actions directed at artisanal fishing. In this way, this study brings the reflection on a developmental idea assumed by the State, which marks a modern logic of being and living, producing recurrent processes of social exclusion for those who are classified as backward or incapable of contributing to the country progress, in particular, artisanal fisherman.
As políticas da insegurança : da Scuderie Detetive Le Cocq às masmorras do novo Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-08-15) Bittencourt, Matheus Boni; Dadalto, Maria Cristina; Rodrigues, Marcia Barros; Misse, Michel; Matos, Sonia Missagia
This dissertation aims at analyzing policies for public safety and criminal justice in the Espírito Santo between 1989 and 2013, using a historiographic methodology noting the distance between the official goals and practical consequences. In the first chapter, I focus on the historical context of the criminal policies, analyzing organizational formation of the Brazilian punitive system. I put emphasis, on the one hand, on the militarization process, i.e., the adoption of military models of hierarchy, discipline and training in public safety agencies, and on the other, and in any subsequent criminal laws approved by Congress. Such national processes are reflected in the Espírito Santo, where they spread "death squads" as Scuderie Le Cocq, but there was no public safety policy. The first comes amid serious political crisis between 1999 and 2002. But their purposes are more advanced with the administrative reform after 2003, when the government tries to impose models of business management and public-private partnerships on the state administration, including public safety and prison system. With this, there is a rapid expansion of selective incarceration in extreme overcrowding and violence, developing a prison industry. In the second chapter, I perform an analysis in which relate criminal, prisons, economic and demographic data, both in the context of Brazil and of the Espírito Santo. I note that state repression has "preference" for men, blacks, youngs and people with low educational level; for drug crimes and against property, with the increasing use of pre-trial detention. The Espírito Santo selective incarceration grows at a faster rate than the national average, which is reflected in the profile of the prison population, which is even more black, young and poorly educated and arrested for trafficking and drugs and pre-trial detained, with frequent justified denounces of torture, killings and enforced disappearances among the criminalized populations.
Borboletas na rede : uma netnografia sobre práticas de bulimia e anorexia entre jovens mulheres no ciberespaço
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-03-30) Santos, Cristina Oliveira dos; Martins, Sandra Regina Soares da Costa; Creado, Eliana Santos Junqueira; Duarte, Pedro David Russi
The aim of this research is to explore the virtual community of the the butterflies' WhatsApp group that promotes interaction between females people between the ages of 10 to 35 years old. The members of said group are pro-eating disorders of the so called brazilian “pro-Anas” and “pro-Mias”, adept to practice anorexia and/or bulimia, respectively. The approach to this work is justified because members are more active in virtual communities, interacting more frequently and building social ties. I will use the virtual ethnography or netnography to discover the world views, identity construction and personal relations that are created by participants, as well as analysis of virtual social networks. As a result of this dissertation was concluded that pro-Ana is pro-Mia are aware of the negative effects of these disorders in their bodies and their lives, but believe that all the sacrifice to get achieve their desire to have a lean body are valid because away from the lipophobicity, a form of fat’s demonization. Moreover, the constant support of the participants in virtual communities proved to be something so strong as to create links between people who were once unknown and now assumed a big importance to the pro-Ana and pro-Mia that their lives revolve around the eating disorder and friendships established within the Butterflies group.
Conexão eleitoral e comportamento parlamentar : um estudo a partir da Assembleia Legislativa do Espírito Santo entre 1999 e 2010
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-08-08) Simões, Jessica Kamille Cruz; Araújo, Paulo Magalhães; Silva, Marta Zorzal e; Felisbino, Riberti de Almeida
The general objective of this work was study the parliamentary behavior through the legislactive production of the assemblymen of the Assembleia Legislativa do Estado do Espírito Santo, between the years of 1999 e 2010, that is the 14ª, 15ª e 16ª legislatures, and to check if this behavior can be understood using as a key of explanation the electoral conection logic. We mobilized this concept developed by David Mayhew, according to which the assemblymen use estrategically the institucional resources that are avaiable during their mandate with the aim of re-electing. According to the electoral conection logic, the assemblyman search to benefit his electorate by distributing resources as a way to garante his electoral success. We studied the legislative production from two types of proposition, the law projects and the indications. From the analysis of their abstract, we characterized the legislative production profile in two aspectss: their theme and their level of scope. The hypothesis was that against a constitucional background of limitation to the production of distributive law projects, the criation and use of the indications were conditioned to the need of propose regionally circumscribed benefits to their electorade. We verified that the law projects profile prodution was diferente from the indications profile production, being that these ones wer more used to propose distributive benefits. We also defined from the electoral results the voting geographical profile of the assemblyman elected in the studied period from two aspects: if the assemblyman had a concentrated voting in a region of the state or not; and if the most of the voting came from the metropolitan region or not. The objective was to investigated if the incentives coming from the electoral arena reflect in the legislative production profile. The hypothesis was that different geographic voting profile generate different legislative profile production. We concluded that in the studied period there wasn’t a strong relation between the legislative production profile and the voting geographical profile, so that it wasn’t possible to affirm that the electoral connection logic works as a key of explanation for this aspect of the parliamentary behavior in the studied temporal and spatial framework.
Crônicas dos jovens na periferia : criminalização da pobreza, sociabilidades e conflitos
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-01-25) Oliveira, Daniela Cristina Neves de; Rodrigues, Márcia Barros Ferreira; Ribeiro Junior, Humberto; Rosa, Pablo Ornelas
This paper discusses the sociabilities and intersubjective conflicts between adolescents and young people in the periphery of Vitória-ES. Since the 1980s, adolescents and young people (in general, Afro-descendants and males) constitute the group most victimized by homicides in Brazil. In this sense, it is the segment most exposed to violent situations. In view of these things, we take a step back from the iniquitous picture of juvenile homicides to reflect on the meanings of conflicts between adolescents and young people in the light of the dynamics of sociability. The research intends to move from the macro context to the micro analysis, as well as shifting the focus from homicide studies to conflict studies. Nonetheless, from the macro analysis point of view, I examine the criminalization aspect of poor urban youth, which has historical roots in this society. However, the main goal is to reflect "what do people do with what they do to them?". That is, the intention is to empirically observe the relationship between structural constraints and how individuals act in their field of possibilities, from the meanings they attribute to things in their daily lives. I start from a qualitative approach, which uses as narrative life instruments and focus group, as well as participant observation and questionnaires with open questions. I focused on individuals aged 14 to 26 years, who were fulfilling a socio-educational measure of detention in the scope of the Institute of Socioeducational Assistance of Espírito Santo and subjects with the same age profile, but residents of peripheral neighborhoods of Vitória, notably the neighborhood region São Pedro. Among the meanings analyzed in relation to conflicts, I highlight the social construction of masculinity and the moral rules of conduct defined by the groups to regulate coexistence. In a given context, conflicts and, in the limit, homicides are legitimated morally, by virtue of the perception that one lives in a state of "war" in which others are "enemies." As a result, intragroup and intragroup mistrust probably supports the use of violence. The aforementioned context concerns sociability in the retail trade of illicit substances, spread throughout the impoverished neighborhoods of the Região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória, which fosters a culture or an agonistic way of being. Finally, I emphasize that in the same socioeconomic context there are different forms of youth sociability. Therefore, since I compare two groups, I try to understand which are the conditioning factors for the differentiality of life paths, especially when it comes to engaging in (risky) illegal activities. These factors are basically related to the family and school context and other spheres of sociability (such as social projects and churches) from which the agents participate, constituting meanings that guide their decisions.
Decente, porém precarizado : um estudo de caso sobre o novo trabalho bancário
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-07-03) Altoé, Jéssica Barros; Colbari, Antonia L.; Moraes, Livia de Cássia Godoi; Bianco, Mônica de Fátima
It rethinks the concept of Decent Work of the International Labor Organization (ILO), based on the capitalist spirit of the network society. It analyzes the impacts of the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the current construction of the banking worker's lifestyles. It discusses the effectiveness of the concept of Decent Work in combating the process of social precarization of work. It supports the methodological perspective of Pierre Bourdieu, who has always sought to capture the deepest logic of the social world from the analysis of an empirical reality, historically situated and dated (BOURDIEU, 1996). Therefore, the present study is the result of a case study, carried out with 12 workers from one of the five largest banks in Brazil, selected through "snowball". The production of data was done by means of a documentary survey and semi-structured interviews, whose content analysis allowed to be defined as analytical categories three of the ten thematic areas that make up the concept of Decent Work, namely: a) Working Day; b) Reconciliation of Work, Personal and Family Life; and c) Stability and Safety at Work. In this sense, the qualitative analysis of aspects related to the way of life of the interviewees allowed us to conclude that the concept of Decent Work does not present itself as an effective tool to combat the tendencies of social precarization of work, since, among others, the occurrence of workdays characterized as excessive work, the intensification of working time by the use of ICTs and the marked colonization of the free time of the workers by the time dedicated to the work
Deslocamentos e continuidades no discurso Lula de cooperação internacional para África
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-04-26) Azevedo, Natália Gimenes de; Silva, Marta Zorzal e; Ribeiro, Adélia Maria Miglievich; Macamo, Elísio
The aim of this work is to highlight the meanings of the speeches given by the former president of Brazil Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, from 2003 to 2010, promoting international cooperation with the African continent. We seek to analyze the implications of the arguments based on the concepts of solidarity and historical debt to promote a European model development based on the concept of modernization and progress. This paper also seek to understand how the social relation of power works on discursive bases. For this, we followed the Chouliaraki and Fairclough’s (1999) method of discursive analysis. The work consists in a historical presentation of the process of Africa’s colonization and the feeling of unity that culminates in the wars of decolonization. Subsequently, we present a debate about development questioning the consequences of foreign investments in Africa considering de differences between vertical and horizontal cooperation. The discursive analysis brings the relation between the socio-historical scenario previously presented and Lula's discursive production directed to the African continent during his two presidential mandates, showing how the ideological implications is related to the materiality of discourse. Finally, we conclude that, although the South appears with emphasis in the discourses of Lula, we can see a reproduction (continuity) of the relations of subalternization occurred in the vertical relations. However, there are also discontinuities that demonstrate a process of transformation, but not of rupture.
Direito, discurso, dogma : uma crítica à mentalidade positivista e punitivista do Direito Penal brasileiro
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-06-06) Macedo, Arthur de Almeida; Rodrigues, Márcia Barros Ferreira; Carvalho, Thiago Fabres de; Rosa, Pablo Ornelas; Coelho, Claudio Marcio
The present work has as scope understanding in greater depth the disposition of the relations of forces within the Brazilian penal system. The prison structure faces an institutional crisis, especially in relation to its re-socializing promise, and awakens in critical scientists a concern about its functioning. In this project, we seek to understand not only the discourses proclaimed by the centers of power that manage the Brazilian penal architecture, but also, in time, we address the hidden intentions that these discourses hide. Using a perspective that does not want to find the absolute truth, as it is unreachable, but we pursue, throughout the text, a probable truth that could unveil what political intentions formulate the official discourse. Once inside the research, we realized that, in order to better evaluate the punitive system, it would be necessary to absorb not only the ideals and values present there, but also to return to the beginnings of its construction, at a time when the law operators mindset is formatted, that is in legal education centers. We identify how the practices and the way in which legal science is passed on in educational institutions. Therefore, another absolutely essential discovery for the development of our research was the perception of the dogmaticpositivist-rational paradigm that gives rise to much of the archaic punitive mentality that hangs over criminal forums. And it was precisely when we looked at the Cartesian bias that involves not only practices but also legal science itself that we point to a rupture with the positivist dogmatic paradigm from a critical perspective of this juridical dogmatics.

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