Doutorado em Biologia Animal

URI Permanente para esta coleção

http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17508

Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início: 2009
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE (Portaria MEC Nº 609, de 14/03/2019). Publicação no DOU 18 de março de 2019, seç. 1 - Parecer CNE/CES nº 487/2018, Processo no 23001.000335/2018-51).
Periodicidade de seleção: Anual
Url do curso: https://cienciasbiologicas.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGBAN/detalhes-do-curso?id=56

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Navegando Doutorado em Biologia Animal por Autor "Aguiar, Ludmilla Moura de Souza"

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    Distribuição altitudinal dos morcegos da Serra do Caparaó
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-07-14) Ulian, Carina Maria Vela; Ditchfield, Albert David; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9597-1402; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7292063375172411; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0891-2875; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3091975740606603; Carvalho, William Douglas Mustin; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2518-9148; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8555566842959223; Bernard, Enrico; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2304-1978; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9700792111588336; Aguiar, Ludmilla Moura de Souza; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9180-5052; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0444869521916180; Pereira, Maria Joao Veloso da Costa Ramos
    The present study presents the characterization of the chiropterofauna present in the Parque Nacional do Caparaó (PNC) and the evaluation of how bat species and trophic guilds are distributed along the altitudinal gradient. The PNC region, in southeastern Brazil, concentrates the highest elevation of the Atlantic Forest, reaching 2,892 m (Pico da Bandeira). Despite being one of the most representative protected areas of the high-altitude Atlantic Forest, the chiropterofauna of the Caparaó region remains practically unknown. In these areas, altitudinal gradients are responsible for potentially abrupt changes in biological communities, mainly due to changes in temperature and humidity, influencing flora and fauna. For bats, communities at higher altitudes are expected to be composed mainly of aerial insectivorous bats due to resource availability and lower physiological limitations. In Brazil, studies on bats from regions of high altitude, above 2,000 m, are rare, with most studies being carried out in regions with altitudes below 1,500 meters. In order to understand how the bat community behaves in this region, the 2,000 m elevation of the PNC was divided into four ranges (from 800 to 2,800 m) and two sampling methods were used: mist-nets and ultrasound recordings. The data obtained were analyzed for richness, variation in composition and influence of altitude on the distribution of species and trophic guilds. Thirty-five species were recorded, 15 using mist nets and 23 using bioacoustic recordings, with only three species recorded using both methods. The records obtained include two new species for Espírito Santo, Myotis izeckshoni (mist-net) and Molossops temminckkii (bioacoustics). Additionally, the results show the need to use more than one method of recording bats to characterize the fauna, given that individually, both nets and recordings have limitations and may underestimate species richness, being complementary methods. There was a linear decline in bat richness with increasing elevation, with the aerial insectivores guild being widely distributed along the gradient and the only one present at higher altitudes. It was also detected that the variation in composition is due to the nesting of species, with 62% similarity between the lowest and highest areas, indicating the presence of subsets with ordered loss of species along the gradient. This work emphasizes the relevance that fauna and flora 7 inventories have for the characterization of ecological and biogeographical patterns of communities in high altitude areas, in addition to contributing to discussions involving environmental pressures arising from anthropic and climate changes that interfere with the maintenance and preservation of regions hilly.
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    Sons de ecolocalização e preferência de habitat de morcegos insetívoros aéreos do Estado do Espírito Santo
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-03-17) Almeida, Márcio Henrique; Ditchfield, Albert David; Barreto, Francisco Candido Cardoso; Aguiar, Ludmilla Moura de Souza; Pereira, Maria João Veloso da Costa Ramos; Mendes, Sérgio Lucena
    This work is dividedin two parts. In the first chapter we evaluated the importance ofpreserved areas for aerial insectivorous bat activity within an urban zone. Severalstudiespoint out that urbanizationhasanegativeimpact onbats. However, urbanization’s impactmight differ between bats that forage in open space and those that forage in cluttered space,with the latter usually persisting only in well preserved areas,suchas parks and naturalreserves. Our objectivewastocompare aerial insectivorous bat activity amonggreen areaswith different sizes andurban sites distant from vegetation fragments in greaterVitóriaregion, Espírito Santo State, Brazil. For this purpose, we monitored bat activity with anultrasound detector during two years in three habitats: large green areas ( > 30ha), small greenareas (< 5 ha) and non-green urban areas. The Largegreen area showed the greatestbatactivity followed by the small green area and the non-green urban area. The large green areashowed a largerincreasein cluttered space forager activity than in open space forger activitywhen compared to the other habitats, whereas the small green area showed a largerincreaseinopen space bat activity when compared to the urban area. Therefore, in Great Vitória region,even small parks are important for bat fauna conservation, whereas bats that forage incluttered space,suchasMyotis sp., depend on large preserved areas to persist. In the secondchapter, in order to create a reference data base for recognition ofbats in theMolossusgenus,whose vocalizations were regularly recorded in GreaterVitória, we compared theecholocation calls of three species of this genus:M. molossus,M. rufuseM. coibensis.M.rufusshowed the lowest call frequency among the three species. This pattern can be explainedby the fact thatM. rufusarenotably larger than the other species. However, pulse duration didnot differ betweenM. rufusandM. coibensisand it was longer in these species than inM.molossuswhen we compared quasi-constant frequency calls and shorter when we comparedfrequency modulated calls. Therefore, other factors, notonlybody size,such as flight orforagingbehavior must explain the pattern that we found for temporal parameters in thesespecies