Biologia Vegetal

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http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17503
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal

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URL do programa: http://www.biologiavegetal.ufes.br/

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Navegando Biologia Vegetal por Autor "Almeida, Stefano Zorzal de"

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    Atributos funcionais como resposta à plasticidade de Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand em área de Restinga em condições de inundação do solo
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-12-22) Jesus, Vera Lucia Pereira de; Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4502113593775550; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Almeida, Stefano Zorzal de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3680096174839424; Antar, Guilherme de Medeiros
    abstract
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    Efeitos alelopáticos do exsudato de Microcystis aeruginosa (Kützing) Kützing sobre as respostas fisiológicas de Scenedesmus acuminatus (Lagerheim) Chodat
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-08-28) Miranda, Pâmela Ferreira; Fernandes, Valéria de Oliveira; Dias Júnior, Camilo; Martins, Fabíola Chrystian Oliveira; Matsumoto, Silvia Tamie; Almeida, Stefano Zorzal de
    Cyanobacteria have a wide geographical distribution, being important members of the phytoplankton and periphytic communities of marine and freshwater environments. One of the concerns with respect to these organisms lies in their ability to produce secondary metabolites called cyanotoxins, which are highly allelopathic, conferring a competitive advantage on producing species. Many studies suggest that cyanotoxins cause a number of impacts to the entire trophic chain, since they affect the physiology of photoautotrophic organisms. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the allelopathic effects of the exudate of Microcystis aeruginosa (KÜTZING) KÜTZING on the physiology of Scenedesmus acuminatus (LAGERHEIM) CHODAT. The microalga Scenedesmus acuminatus was submitted to Microcystis aeruginosa producing exudates (MCs+ ) and non-producing (MCs- ) of microcystin at three different concentrations (0.5, 1, 5 µg.L-1 ) and to the control medium (ASM1) totaling six treatments, all in triplicate, which were kept in the culture room at a temperature of 22 ± ºC, 12 h photoperiod of light / dark with a light intensity of approximately (40 µmol.m2.s - 1) and pH at the beginning in the experiment around 7.0 being cultivated for 20 days.Cell density, biovolume, chlorophyll and oxidative stress were analyzed by quantification of the antioxidant enzymes CAT, APX and SOD. The obtained data were submitted to normality tests with posterior analysis of variance ANOVA followed by Tukey test. For non - parametric data the Kruskal - Wallis test was performed with (p <0.05). The results show that the higher concentrations of the toxic treatments (MCs+ 1.0, 5.0) have a significant inhibitory effect on S. acuminatus growth and biovolume. As regards chlorophyll content, the majority of treatments showed a decrease in their values from the 15th day of experimentation. S. acuminatus submitted to concentration of MCs + 5.0 recorded on the 20th day of cultivation the lowest value of chlorophyll a (3.43 µg.mL-1) in relation to the other treatments. However, for the CAT and APX enzymes, there was no significant difference in the antioxidant activity between the treatments in relation to the control on all days of collection; however, the SOD enzyme presented a more evident increase in its activity on days 5, 10 and 15 of treatment in the presence of toxicity (MCs+ 5.0, 1.0, 0.5). Based on the results, it was concluded that the microalgae S. acuminatus showed a heterogeneous response to the stress caused by MCs+ and MCs- exudates, as the high concentrations of MCs+ (1.0, 5.0) were shown to be more sensitive to effects allelopathic from toxic exudates and for some physiological analyzes the MCs- (5.0) treatment was shown to cause equivalent inhibitory effects to the assays exposed to treatments (MCs+ 5.0,1.0).
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    Facilitação por aechmea blanchetiana (Baker) L.B.Sm (bromeliaceae) na germinação e desenvolvimento de plantas na restinga
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-03-28) Souza, Kamila Jesus de; Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4502113593775550; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9471-0850; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5065203500935250; Souza, Marcelo da Costa; Almeida, Stefano Zorzal de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3680096174839424
    The interaction between the species Aechmea blanchetiana (Baker) L.B.Sm. (Bromeliaceae) and the germinated species, was evaluated to answer the following questions: (1) The abiotic factors differ under the canopy of this bromeliad when compared to sites with their absence (2) Resource availability is greater under the canopyof the bromeliad than the who us without the said species? (3) Does the bromeliad A. blanchetiana promote facilitation through germination in restinga environments? (4) does the effect of this bromeliad increase seedling survival? (5) Is the soil influenced by the presence of bromeliad? We evaluated the effect of the presence of the bromeliad Aechmea blanchetiana (Baker) L.B.SM. in the germination and development of species in a restinga area. The study was conducted at Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, in São Mateus, ES. Fruits of six species and soil samples were collected in a restinga area in the APA of Conceição da Barra, Conceição da Barra, ES. The experiment was organized in a randomized experimental design, consisting of three blocks. Each block contained a control (absence of bromeliad) and two treatments with the presence of bromeliad. For each block, we used 150 seeds, with five seeds of each species for each repetition. The germination percentage, germination speed index, average germination time, environmental variables, biometry attributes and biomass of the root and aerial part of the seedlings, organic matter and chemical analysis of the soil were evaluated. The results showed that the treatments with the presence of bromeliad favored the percentage and rate of germination speed, average time of germination and the survival of the studied species. In addition, it was observed that the parameters of biometrics and seedling biomass were positively influenced by the presence of bromeliad. A greater availability of resources was observed in the soil where the bromeliad was present. Based on these results, we conclude that A. blanchetiana acts as a facilitator plant, providing adequate conditions for the germination and establishment of the six studied species, both below their canopies and inside their tank. This facilitator plant softens the extreme conditions of the environment, allowing the growth of the studied species.
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    Influências espaciais e temporais na dinâmica do fitoplâncton em trecho do Baixo rio Doce pós rompimento de barragem
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-11-11) Batista, Amanda Martins; Fernandes, Valeria de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2323760323729607; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Santana, Lucineide Maria; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3809-1564; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9363484131688426; Almeida, Stefano Zorzal de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9977-5898; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3680096174839424
    With the importance of river systems attributed to the multiple uses of water, life quality promotion and maintenance of interconnected continental ecosystems, limnological studies integrated with freshwater biot are priority for the knowledge of phytoplankton organisms that are sensitive to environmental variability. Thus, fluvial phytoplankton varies strongly between different water bodies and time periods, considering some factors such as hydrological regime, abiotic properties, availability of resources and anthropic interventions. That said, the approach of the present study is based on the taxonomic and functional biases of phytoplankton, aiming to analyze the influence of spatial and temporal patterns on the dynamics of the community and functional groups, as well as environmental variables, investigating which of these factors are the main controllers of phytoplankton organisms in the stretch of the Lower Doce river. The study integrated the dry and rainy periods in four sampling stations, with data collected in the years 2018 to 2022, after the dam rupture in Mariana (MG) with the passage of a high volume of mining tailings to the sea. The structural attributes and the biovolume of the phytoplankton community, functional groups and environmental variables were evaluated. There was considerable temporal variation between abiotic factors, however, few varied spatially. There wasn’t spatial separation between the functional groups, nor for the structural attributes of the phytoplankton community. In temporal scales, the greatest diversity and dominance were attributed to the dry and rainy seasons, respectively. The functional groups were mostly typical of meso-eutrophic waters (A, B, C, D, F, J, K, Lo, MP, Nᴀ, P, S1, SN, Tʙ, Tᴄ, Tᴅ, W1, W2, X1 and X2), with A, J and Tʙ common to the dry season, while K and Lo are characteristic of the rainy season under high metal content, mainly total iron. The most important variables for the dynamics of the functional groups were dissolved inorganic nitrogen, suspended particulate matter, total iron and temperature. The most representative classes were Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae and Cyanophyceae. The species Trachelomonas volvocina and Raphidiopsis raciborskii were associated with temperature, turbidity, total phosphorus and phosphate, while Monoraphidium contortum with chlorophyll a. The study contributes to the knowledge of phytoplankton dynamics and abiotic variables of this river ecosystem, revealing that the environmental variability played an important role in structuring the phytoplankton community and functional groups.
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    Microalgas em sistemas de piscicultura: aspectos ecofisiológicos e aplicações sustentáveis.
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-03-09) Militão, Frederico Pacheco; Fernandes, Valeria de Oliveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1968-3927; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2323760323729607; Batitucci, Maria do Carmo Pimentel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0010148251489155; Almeida, Stefano Zorzal de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3680096174839424; Alves, Fernanda Breda; Dutra, Jean Carlos Vencioneck
    The present study aims to evaluate the potential of microalgal biomass as a supplement in human and animal nutrition, from species isolated from psiculture tanks. Thus, 10 species, from 9 genera and two different divisions, were selected for biomass increase and laboratory-scale cultivation, isolated from fish farming systems in the Municipality of Registro, São Paulo, Brazil. The cultivation was of the batch type, without direct spraying of CO2, initial pH of 7 ± 0.05 and constant aeration of 3.5 L/min of air. The cultures were performed in quadruplicate in ASM1 (Cyanophyta) and BBM (Chlorophyta) medium, with an initial inoculum of 3.0 x105 Cel/mL-1, with the exception of S. hirsutum, a species with slower growth, which was of 3250 Cell/mL-1. The highest concentrations of total soluble carbohydrates, at the end of the experiment, were found in Chlorococcum sp. (12 mg/g MS), Kirchneriella sp. (11.3 mg/g MS) and M. wesenbergii (11.3 mg/g MS). Chlorococcum sp. also had the highest concentrations of fructose (12.7 mg/g DM), sucrose (16.6 mg/g DM) and starch (934 mg/g DM). S. javanensis (357 mg/g MS), C. pulchra (343 mg/g MS), S. hirsutum (336 mg/g MS), Chlorococcum sp (307 mg/g MS), H. reticulata (306 mg/g MS) g MS), Kirchneriella sp. (304 mg/g MS) and C. vulgaris (303 mg/g MS) did not differ statistically from each other in terms of total soluble protein concentration. Chlorococcum sp., Chlorella vulgaris and Kirchneriella sp., can be considered for use in supplementing animal feed. The high starch content found in the studied species, especially in Scenedesmus sp., Chlorococcum sp. and S. hirsutum, also indicates the potential use of this biomass in the production of bioethanol. The increase in nitrogen and salinity positively affects the accumulation of proteins, while high light intensities favor the synthesis of carbohydrates and lipids. The environmental conditions used in cultivation affect the biochemical composition of cultivated microalgae and the morphological type of the species can influence the adopted metabolic response. The knowledge and manipulation of these parameters, associated with the morphological type of the cultivated microalgae, is an effective way to obtain biomass with greater added, nutritional and commercial value.
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    Produtividade primária fitoplanctônica submetida a diferentes qualidades espectrais da luz
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-03-03) Oliveira, Fabricio Bronzoni de; Fernandes, Valeria de Oliveira; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2323760323729607; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Santana, Lucineide Maria; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Silva, Mariela Mattos da; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Almeida, Stefano Zorzal de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3680096174839424
    Knowledge about the primary productivity process is of fundamental importance for understanding the metabolism and energy dynamics in natural ecosystems. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the effects of three wavelength bands (blue, green and red),
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    USO DE ÁGUAS RESIDUÁRIAS DE SUINOCULTURA COMO MEIO DE CULTURA ALTERNATIVO NO CULTIVO DE Scenedesmus obliquus (Turpin) Kützing VISANDO A PRODUÇÃO DE BIOCOMBUSTÍVEL
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-03-04) Silva, Laiza Cristina Ricatto da; Fernandes, Valeria de Oliveira; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2323760323729607; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Antunes, Paulo Wagnner Pereira; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Almeida, Stefano Zorzal de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3680096174839424
    Swine is an important activity for the economy, being Brazil one of the largest pork producers in the world. However, such activity requires excessive use of freshwater to clean the nurseries, generating a large amount of wastewater, if without proper tre